高考一輪復習學案人教版必修五《Unit 1 Great Scientists》

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111 必修④ Unit 2 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．We should ________ (裝備) our children with knowledge. 答案：equip 2．As we know，when heated，things will ________ (膨脹)． 答案：expand 3．They asked me so many questions that they ________ (使困惑) me. 答案：confused 4．I ________ (后悔) being so rude to you last time. 答案：regretted 5．Have you any ________ (評論) on the recent development? 答案：comments 6．They are engaged in the ________ (供應) of small parts for replacement. 答案：supply7．India ________ (出口) tea and cotton to many different countries. 答案：exported 8．People in this area were ground down by ________ (饑餓) and poverty. 答案：hunger 9．We are not doing a ________ (化學的) experiment but a physical one. 答案：chemical 10．The old man had been ________ (斗爭) with illness for 3 years and succeeded at last. 答案：struggling Ⅱ.完成句子 1．________ ________ the doctor's timely treatment，the girl was saved. 多虧醫(yī)生的及時救治，這個女孩得救了。 答案：Thanks to 2．It is not easy to ________ ________ ________ a habit. 要改掉一個人的習慣是不容易的。 答案：rid one of 3．He ________ ________ work in the countryside. 他寧可去農村工作。 答案：would rather 4．You have given the correct answer.I __________ ________ ________ it. 你給出了正確的答案，我很滿意。 答案：am satisfied with 5．He ________ ________ ________ ________ his lessons. 他把心思集中在功課上。 答案：focused his mind on Ⅲ.單項選擇 1．Finally he was reduced ________ in the street. A．to wander　　　　　　　 B．to have wandered C．to wandering D．wandering 解析：短語be reduced to...“淪落為……”中，to為介詞，其后要接名詞、代詞或動名詞形式。 答案：C 2．—I regret ________ you that John has been fired. —I can hardly believe my ears.He's such a fine worker. A．telling B．having told C．to tell D．to have told 解析：前句句意：我非常抱歉地告訴你約翰已被解雇了。regret to do抱歉要做某事。 答案：C 3．(2012·杭州模擬)The beams of light moved across the sky and ________ the performers on the stage. A．focused on B．were focused on C．focused themselves on D．focused to 解析：focus作“集中”講時，可作不及物動詞，后常跟介詞on。句意：光束在空中移動，集中對準舞臺上的表演者。 答案：A 4．(2011·日照模擬)—Mom，can I go to the cinema? —No.I'd rather you ________ a quiet night in front of the TV. A．will have B．have C．had D．have had 解析：would rather后通常接不用that引導的從句，從句用虛擬語氣，從句不表示“過去”，而表示“現(xiàn)在”或“將來”，故用一般過去時。 答案：C 5．(2012·徐州模擬)______ __ your help，I got the first in the final-term English examination. A．Thanks to B．Without C．If not D．But for 解析：句意：多虧你的幫助，我在期末考試中英語得了第一名。A項“多虧；由于”；B項“沒有”；C項“不然的話；如果不”；D項 “若沒有”。 答案：A 6．Once we have made a plan，all of us should __________ it，whatever happens. A．add to B．stick to C．lead to D．refer to 解析：考查動詞短語辨析。add to“增添，增加”；stick to“堅持觀念、信仰、計劃、方案”等；lead to“導致，引起”；refer to“參考，提到，涉及”。句意：一旦計劃制訂下來，我們都要堅持下去，無論發(fā)生什么事。 答案：B 7．As the final exam is coming，my pressure __________，and I'm afraid it will ________ my failure. A．builds up；lead to B．comes up；cause to C．turns up；bring about D．makes up；stick to 解析：句意：隨著期末考試的臨近，我的壓力越來越大了。我害怕這會導致我的失敗。選項中的build up意為“逐漸增強”，lead to意為“導致”，符合句子的意思。 答案：A 8．—I'm sorry I'm late.I've got a flat tyre. —Is that the best excuse you can ________？ A．come across B．come up with C．pick up D．pick out 解析：句意：——對不起，我來晚了。我的車胎爆了?！@是你能想出來的最好的借口嗎？come up with“想出，找出”，符合句意。come across“偶然遇見”；pick up“撿起”；pick out“挑選”。 答案：B 9．(2012·泉州模擬)The introduction of modern facilities to the company led to a great many workers ________. A．to be laid off B．being laid off C．laid off D．laying off 解析：lead to“導致，引起”，to為介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞形式作賓語。a great many workers是v.-ing形式的邏輯主語，并且與“l(fā)ay off”是動賓關系，故選B。 答案：B 10．If your blood ________ badly，your hands and feet will get cold easily. A．passes B．crosses C．circulates D．circles 解析：circulate“循環(huán)”，blood circulates badly“血液循環(huán)差”。pass“通過”；cross“穿過”；circle“繞行”。 答案：C 11．(2011·金華模擬)Have you got any ________ to make on the recent development? A．impressions B．comments C．reactions D．opinions 解析：make comments on sth.“對……作出評價”。impression“印象”，常構成leave an impression on； reaction“反應”，常與to連用；opinion“觀點、意見”，常構成have an opinion of短語。 答案：B 12．(2012·福州質檢)It is believed that universities are a place __________ students ________ skills and knowledge. A．to equip；with B．equipping；with C．to equip；for D．equipping；for 解析：句意：人們相信大學是教授學生知識和技能的地方。a place后應接動詞不定式作定語，排除B、D兩項；equip sb.with意為“用……裝備某人”，故A項正確。 答案：A 13．—What do you think of her speech last night? —Just so-so.She gave us too much information，so that everyone got ________. A．confused B．to confuse C．confusing D．to he confused 解析：考查非謂語動詞。get confused為被動語態(tài)結構，get相當于助動詞be。 答案：A 14．(2012·上海模擬)After he was knocked down by a car which escaped immediately，he ________ to his feet and called 120 and the police station. A．stood B．struggled C．ran D．rose 解析：struggle to one's feet是固定詞組，意為“掙扎著站起來”。 答案：B 15．Only in this way ________ the flies in the room. A．you can get rid B．can you get rid of C．can you get out of D．you can get rid of 解析：句意：只有用這種方法你才能除去屋子里的蒼蠅。only強調狀語時，主句用部分倒裝，get rid of去掉；除去，固態(tài)搭配。 答案：B Ⅳ.閱讀理解 A My students often tell me that they don't have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork. My reply is often a brief “You have as much time as the president.”I usually carry on a bit about there being twenty-four hours in the day for everyone，and suggest that “not enough time” is not an acceptable explanation of not getting something done. Once in graduate school，I tried to prove to one of my professors by saying that I was working hard.His answer to me was，“ That's irrelevant (無關的)．What's important is the quality of your work.”Since then I have had time to think carefully about the “hard worker” dodge (訣竅)，and I have come to some conclusions—all relevant to the problem of how much time we have. If you analyze the matter，you can identify two parts of the problem：There is，of course，the matter of “time”，which we can think of as fixed.Then there is the problem of “work” during that time.But，as my professor suggested，it's not how hard one works but the quality of the product that's important. That led me to a new idea：the quality of the work.That concept is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someone's office：“Don't work harder.Work smarter.”There is a lot of sense in that idea. If you can't get more time，and few of us can，the only solution is to improve the quality of the work.That means thinking of ways to get more out of the same time than we might otherwise get.That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits.Since “work” for students usually means “homework”，the expression “work habits” should be read as “study habits”． Then，as a smart student，you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study，chiefly reading and writing.If you learn to read better and write better，there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies. [解題導語]　本文是一篇議論文。每個人每天擁有的時間都是相同的，那么想把事情做好就要有一定的技巧了。作者認為：不要苦干，要巧干。 1．From the passage，we know that the author is probably ________. A．a poet B．an educator C．a novelist D．an engineer 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第1段首句中My students可以推斷出作者從事教育行業(yè)。 答案：B 2．We can infer from the 2nd paragraph that we students still ________. A．have enough time B．can meet the president C．get everything done well D．should accept the explanation 解析：推理判斷題。本段(第2段)指出：You have as much time as the president.以及“not enough time” is not an acceptable explanation of...(“時間不夠”作為……的理由是不可接受的)。由此可推斷出答案。 答案：A 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The author's students make good use of their time to do all their homework. B．The author tried to tell the professor that he/she (the author) had done a good job. C．You can't improve the quality of the work if you can't get more time. D．You'll try to improve your skills in reading and writing if you're a clever student. 解析：事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段的第1句Then，as a smart student，you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study，chiefly reading and writing.可知D項正確。 答案：D 4．What's the passage mainly about? A．Students don't have enough time. B．Don't work harder；work smarter. C．No one can get more time. D．Read better and write better. 解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知本文主題為：不要苦干，要巧干。 答案：B B The seventh game of any play-off series is always special，win or lose.It always has an edge-of-your-seat，heart-in-your-throat intensity unlike any others.One play，one shot or one save may make all the difference. But there are other things that make our games and sports so special. For example，where we play our sports is often one of the best things about the games.Think of it：What is as perfect as a fresh sheet of ice after the Zamboni machine (贊博尼磨冰機) has made its final pass and left the surface as smooth as glass？Or a swimming pool on a summer morning，clear and calm，before the first swimmer has broken the water? To me a freshly mowed and lined soccer field is as beautiful as any painting.So is a golf course in the early morning，or in the evening when the sun is setting. The stuff we play with is wonderful，too.Is there anything that feels as good in your hand as a brand-new baseball？Or a nice leather football？Grab hold of either，and you just have to play a game of catch. The clothes are good too.Sports uniforms are much more colorful and comfortable than regular clothes.Maybe that's why so many kids stay in their sports uniforms long after their games are over. No shoes feel better on my feet than my golf shoes.Maybe that's because I know I am going to have fun whenever I put them on. We talk so much about winning in sports.But if you are the kind of kid who is happy only when their team wins，then sports will let you down.After all，no team or player wins all the time. But if you can learn to enjoy the parts of sports that have nothing to do with winning or losing—the feel of a favorite bat or a stick in your hand，or how your heart beats when you put on your uniform and run onto the field—then sports will always be fun，whether you win or lose. [解題導語]　體育比賽有輸有贏，輸了的時候我們難免會傷感。但是除了輸和贏之外體育比賽還有很多樂趣。作者以飽滿的熱情告訴我們，體育比賽的樂趣在于享受比賽的過程，在我們穿上比賽制服的那一刻，在我們拿著嶄新的壘球的那一刻…… 5．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the phrases “edge-of-your-seat，heart-in-your-throat” in Para.1? A．Uncertain. B．Scared. C．Nervous. D．Enthusiastic. 解析：猜測詞義題。文章開頭說，比賽中的加時賽總是很特別的，一個射門就意味著完全不同的結果。因此看這樣的比賽的時候，你會坐不住，心都提到嗓子眼兒了。因此這兩個詞組說明觀眾為賽場的牽一發(fā)而動全局的形勢而“緊張”。 答案：C 6．According to the writer，people are advised ________. A．not to play a game of catch B．to wear sports uniforms long C．not to talk about winning in sports D．to have fun in sports 解析：推理判斷題。作者在講述賽場上劍拔弩張的緊張氣氛后說，任何比賽都有輸贏，我們要學會享受比賽中與輸贏無關的東西，比如拿著你心愛的球拍或球棒，穿上比賽的制服馳騁賽場，這些才使得體育運動成為一種樂趣，由此判斷選D。 答案：D 7．Sports uniforms，as well as sports shoes，are mentioned in the text ________. A．as an example of the special feeling of sports B．as comfortable sportswear C．as particular desire of children D．as the most favorite of sportsmen 解析：推理判斷題。作者用大量的篇幅敘述什么才是體育比賽中真正的樂趣，比如比賽場地，運動器械以及比賽時所穿的衣服和鞋給人帶來的舒適感覺等，這些都作為例子來闡述作者對體育運動的真諦的感悟：體育運動的樂趣不在于結果，而在于享受其樂趣。 答案：A 8．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．Whether You Win or Lose B．Many Joys of Sports C．Winning in Sports D．Games and Sports 解析：主旨大意題。全文敘述作者對體育運動的感悟：體育比賽的樂趣不在于結果，因為任何比賽都有輸贏，都難免會讓人覺得沮喪，其樂趣在于運動本身。因此本文的標題應該是B項。 答案：B 111