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Unit 20 New Frontiers 課時(shí)練(一)　閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度 (限時(shí)：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019貴陽監(jiān)測)In no particular order, here are some songs on the Music app of my phone： On a Sunday Afternoon by Lighter Shade of Brown — A student of mine introduced this rap song to me all the way back in the early 1990s, when I was teaching Spanish at a local university. The story in the song takes place not too far from where I live in Los Angeles. Its a good “driving” song, nothing plicated or “deep”． Say Something by A Great Big World — A more recent song about a couple losing contact with each other. The piano part is of very little playing but beautiful. American Pie by Don McLean — Another song from my youth in the 1980s, very popular with almost every American of my generation. It retells some of the key events of the middle 20th century, a song of happy memories of the past and wanting to return to those better times. The Weight by The Band — Another old song, originally made public in 1968, but one I didnt hear until I was in high school more than 10 years later. I dont understand the words to the song pletely, but the feeling of the song is very forting to me. Under the Bridge by Red Hot Chili Peppers — This Los Angeles group wrote a song that I used to listen to when I first moved to LA more than 25 years ago. I didnt know anyone here when I first arrived. When I got bored, I used to drive up and down the major streets that cross the city from east to west, listening to this song about “the city of angels” being as “l(fā)onely as I am”. (Dont worry! I have plenty of friends now.) 語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了在作者的手機(jī)音樂播放器中存的幾首歌曲的相關(guān)信息。 1．What does the underlined word “deep” probably mean? A．With skill. B．With fort. C．With a normal meaning. D．With a significant meaning. 解析：選D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“Its a good ‘driving’ song, nothing plicated”可知，此處表示這首歌是一首說唱樂，適合駕車時(shí)聽，含義不復(fù)雜，故可推知這首歌沒有重大的意義，所以選D。 2．When did the author probably hear The Weight by The Band? A．In 1968.　　　　　　　　 B．In 1970. C．In the 1980s. D．In the 1990s. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“The Weight by The Band ... more than 10 years later”可知，這首歌于1968年發(fā)行，但是作者在十多年后才聽到，所以作者有可能是在20世紀(jì)80年代聽到這首歌的。 3．When the author first moved to LA, the song he used to listen to was ________. A．Say Something B．American Pie C．The Weight D．Under the Bridge 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，作者最開始到洛杉磯時(shí)經(jīng)常聽的一首歌是Under the Bridge。 B (2019昆明調(diào)研)When she was found off the coast of California four years ago, the fur seal, known as Ziggy Star, was skinny and fragile. She was unfit to return to the wild. And though a professional rescue team took her in to care for her, Ziggy continued to decline. “I wouldnt have given her next week，” says Uriarte, a surgeon who led a recent firstofitskind brain operation on the seal. The operation was the first of its kind to treat hydrocephalus in fur seals. The surgical team at Tufts was unable to find any documented evidence of a similar procedure, so they needed a lot of preparation to operate on Ziggys brain. The biggest concern in operating on Ziggy was how to control the animals anesthesia (麻醉). “When theyre under anesthesia their bodys reaction includes decreasing their heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing，” says Flower, who observes Ziggy and the other animals care, describing the special challenges of operating on seals. On the day of the surgery, Flower says that she and her team “were all quite anxious not knowing what would happen”. Moving quickly was extremely important; the longer she was under anesthesia, the more likely that she could lose her breathing, says the surgeon. The seal has been kept on land to prevent water from entering the cut on her head. Now, Ziggy is eating a full diet and is beginning to gain weight again. “Recently Ive allowed her to go swimming，” says Flower. However, the source of Ziggys neurological disorder (神經(jīng)紊亂) is still a mystery. “My theory is that when she was found, she had a head injury，” Uriarte says. “Hit by a boat maybe ... That happens a lot with seals.” Flower is less willing to guess. “I dont think theres enough information to make that assumption. We just dont know what happened to her.” 語篇解讀：本文是動(dòng)物保護(hù)類記敘文。Ziggy Star是一只在加利福尼亞海岸被發(fā)現(xiàn)的非常瘦弱的海豹，因?yàn)閆iggy有腦積水，醫(yī)生為她進(jìn)行了手術(shù)，她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)能夠正常進(jìn)食，體重也在逐步恢復(fù)，但究竟是什么導(dǎo)致了她的神經(jīng)紊亂，這依舊是一個(gè)謎。 4．When first found, Ziggy Star looked ________. A．thin and weak B．a(chǎn)ctive and excited C．bloody and fierce D．strong and energetic 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的skinny(極瘦的)和fragile(虛弱的)可知，A項(xiàng)正確。 5．What was the most challenging task on the day of the operation? A．Helping the seal regain her breathing. B．Using anesthesia properly on the seal. C．Making full preparations for the operation. D．Balancing the functions of the seals organs. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The biggest concern in operating on Ziggy was how to control the animals anesthesia (麻醉)”，由此可知，手術(shù)最大的挑戰(zhàn)是如何控制麻醉，所以選B。 6．What can we learn about Ziggy after the operation? A．She is strong enough to live in the wild. B．She is suffering from a heart rate disorder. C．She has already bee as heavy as before. D．She is recovering from the brain operation. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句“Now, Ziggy is eating a full diet and is beginning to gain weight again”，由此可知，手術(shù)后，海豹已經(jīng)能夠正常進(jìn)食，體重也在恢復(fù)，所以選D。 7．What is probably the authors purpose in writing the text? A．To show humans love for a creature. B．To find out a way to operate on a seal. C．To remember an injured seal in danger. D．To explore the reasons for a seals injury. 解析：選A　目的意圖題。作者在文章中介紹了拯救受傷海豹的過程，旨在說明人們對于動(dòng)物的愛護(hù)，所以選A。 C (2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷二)Even before we were born, we knew our mothers voice and could distinguish it from other voices. Thats one of the key findings of an ongoing research project by Canadian and Chinese researchers. The research suggests that while we are still in the womb (子宮), our brains are learning speech patterns and laying the groundwork for language acquisition. “Before birth, the brain is being set up to learn language，” says Barbara Kisilevsky, who conducted the research. It had already been known that newborn babies show a preference for their mothers voice, but her latest research shows they also prefer that familiar sound while still in the womb. Kisilevsky carried out the first leg of the research in China, because she already had a research project under way there and this fit nicely with that work. Working with researchers at Zhejiang University, Kisilevsky tested 60 women in the final stage of pregnancy. All the mothers were taperecorded as they read a poem out loud. Then the mothers were divided into two groups. Half the fetuses (胎兒) heard the recording of their own mother. The other half heard that of another mother, but not their own. In both cases, the poem caused a change in the babys heart rate. The heart rate accelerated among those who heard their own mothers voice, and decelerated among those who heard a voice other than that of their mothers. Deceleration of the heart rate is “an attention mechanism (機(jī)制)”， Kisilevsky says. The heartbeat among fetuses who heard an unfamiliar voice slowed down, she says, because they were paying close attention to a voice they did not recognize. The fact that the heartbeat changed in both cases — up for Mom, down for someone else — shows the fetuses “noticed both voices”， she says, and could tell one from the other. By the way, the poem is immaterial here. Kisilevsky suspects she would have had the same results if the mothers had been reading a phone book. “Its not the content that the fetuses recognized，” she says. “We all have our own way of talking. We stop at different times, take breaths at different times, and thats what they are recognizing.” 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一項(xiàng)有關(guān)胎兒對聲音的識(shí)別的研究。 8．What did Kisilevskys research find? A．Babies are good language learners. B．Babies language acquisition begins after birth. C．Babies can recognize Moms voice while in the womb. D．Infants are more sensitive to Moms voice than fetuses. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Even before we were born, we knew our mothers voice and could distinguish it from other voices”并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，我們在出生之前就已經(jīng)熟悉母親的聲音，并能將其與其他聲音區(qū)分開來。由此可知，嬰兒在母親的子宮中就能識(shí)別母親的聲音。故選C。 9．What led to the change in fetuses heart rate according to the research? A．Their familiarity with the voice. B．The quality of the recordings. C．Their curiosity about everything. D．The content of the poem recorded. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“The heartbeat among fetuses who heard an unfamiliar voice slowed down, she says, because they were paying close attention to a voice they did not recognize”可知，胎兒在聽到不熟悉的聲音時(shí)，他們的心跳會(huì)減慢，因?yàn)樗麄儼迅嗟淖⒁饬Ψ旁诹怂麄儾荒茏R(shí)別的這個(gè)聲音上。由此可知，在研究中，胎兒對聲音的熟悉度的不同導(dǎo)致了他們心率的變化。故選A。 10．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Adults talk in a way quite different from babies. B．Kisilevsky firmly believes her findings are applicable. C．Speech patterns are what fetuses recognize in telling voices. D．Different experimental materials can lead to different results. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“We all have our own way of talking. We stop at different times, take breaths at different times, and thats what they are recognizing”可知，胎兒在辨別聲音時(shí)識(shí)別的是人們的說話方式，即他們的語言模式。故選C。 11．In which column of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Medicine. B．Lifestyle. C．Education. D．Science. 解析：選D　文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)有關(guān)胎兒對聲音的識(shí)別的研究，它最可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的科學(xué)專欄上。故選D。 D (2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷一)As the Earth warms from the increase of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, the oceans that cover 70 percent of its surface are warming too. This warming will likely benefit some sea species at the expense of others. A study in the May 20 issue of the journal Nature confirmed that there has been a warming trend in the worlds oceans since 1993, as the waters have absorbed much of the extra energy in the planets atmosphere. The warming that has already occurred, and is expected to continue in the ing decades, will likely spell bad news for many ocean species, such as corals and species that live in the cold waters of the planets poles. But some creatures beneath the ocean surface might actually have an advantage in the newly warmed waters. A 2008 study, for example, said that a warming of just a few degrees Fahrenheit in Antarctic waters could make them suitable for sharks, which havent lived in the area for about 40 million years. Its easier for sharks to keep their high metabolism (新陳代謝) in warmer waters. If sharks do move into the area, they could cause damage to the existing ecosystems of the oceans around Antarctica. A study of starfish (海星) found these typical ocean creatures grew faster in waters at warmer temperatures and higher carbon dioxide levels (another result of all the extra greenhouse gas in the atmosphere) than in normal conditions — which is bad news for the shellfish they live on. Work by Jeremy Jackson, a professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography of the University of California San Diego, suggests that ocean warming — along with other threats such as overfishing and habitat (棲息地) destruction — could change once plex ocean ecosystems into ones that favor simpler species, such as microbes, toxic algal blooms and jellyfish. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。全球變暖會(huì)改變海洋生物的生存環(huán)境，影響海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，但有些海洋生物卻能從中獲益。 12．How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed? A．By giving examples. B．By analyzing causes. C．By making parisons. D．By making classifications. 解析：選C　寫作手法題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“But”的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，本段主要是通過對比海洋變暖對哪些生物有利，對哪些生物有害來行文的。故選C。 13．What can we know about sharks from the fourth paragraph? A．They are native to Antarctic waters. B．They do harm to the whole ecosystem. C．They can benefit from warm water conditions. D．They threaten simpler species in Antarctic waters. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“a warming ... make them suitable for sharks”“Its easier for sharks to keep their high metabolism (新陳代謝) in warmer waters”可知，鯊魚能夠從溫暖的水環(huán)境中獲益。故選C。 14．What will ocean warming likely bring about? A．Promoting the growth of starfish. B．An ecosystem of smaller creatures. C．Different food sources for sea creatures. D．Damaging living places of deepsea species. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“A study of starfish (海星) found these typical ocean creatures grew faster in waters at warmer temperatures ... than in normal conditions”可知，海星在水溫比較高的水域會(huì)生長得更快，即海洋變暖會(huì)促進(jìn)海星的生長，故選A。 15．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To explain why ocean warming benefits some species. B．To introduce how creatures survive in warmer oceans. C．To clarify some misunderstandings about ocean warming. D．To show which sea species will benefit from warmer oceans. 解析：選D　寫作意圖題?？v觀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段中的“This warming will likely benefit some sea species at the expense of others”，第四段中的“make them suitable for sharks”和第五段中的“these typical ocean creatures grew faster in waters at warmer temperatures”可知，作者寫作本文主要是為了告訴我們哪些海洋物種能在海洋變暖中繼續(xù)繁衍，即從中獲益。故選D。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷三)School is childrens base, where they learn to succeed.But for many children, the first day of school is filled with anxiety and fear.You might worry that you dont know anyone or that you wont fit in.__16__ However, preparing for the first day in advance will allow you feel more at ease and in control. Do a practice run of your first day.Before the first day of school, it can help to take a practice run so you know how long it will take to walk, bike or drive to school.__17__ Get your school supplies together.Get a list of required school supplies from the school or the schools website.Go shopping for your supplies and make sure you have them all ready to take to school. Get a good nights sleep.Start off your first day of school with a good nights sleep.__18__ Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if youre over 12, or 10 to 11 hours of sleep if youre between 7 and 11 years old. __19__ You might be too nervous to eat much, but its important that you give your body some fuel to get through until lunchtime.Eat something with protein, such as peanut butter toast or eggs. Leave early for school.__20__ You dont want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings. Arriving early may also give you a chance to chat with a few other students and hopefully make a few new friends. A．Eat a good breakfast. B．Ask for advice on diet. C．It will help you adjust and keep you out of trouble. D．Then, know exactly where to go for your first class. E．You worry that you might get lost, or if the teachers are strict. F．Make sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school. G．Being well rested will help avoid any nervousness you may be feeling. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了如何為入學(xué)第一天做好準(zhǔn)備。 16．解析：選E　根據(jù)空前的“You might worry that you dont know anyone or that you wont fit in”及空后表轉(zhuǎn)折的副詞“However”可知，空處內(nèi)容仍是在說明第一天上學(xué)時(shí)你可能會(huì)有的擔(dān)心，故E項(xiàng)“你擔(dān)心自己可能會(huì)迷路，或者擔(dān)心老師是否嚴(yán)厲”符合語境。 17．解析：選D　根據(jù)本段的主旨句“Do a practice run of your first day”及空前的“so you know how long it will take to walk, bike or drive to school”可知，此處是說演練第一天上學(xué)的情景的好處，故D項(xiàng)“然后，你可以準(zhǔn)確地知道你要去哪里上第一節(jié)課”符合語境。 18．解析：選G　根據(jù)本段的主旨句“Get a good nights sleep”可知，本段主要講的是開始第一天的學(xué)生生活之前要有好的睡眠，G項(xiàng)中的“well rested”與空前的“a good nights sleep”相呼應(yīng)，故G項(xiàng)符合語境。 19．解析：選A　根據(jù)下文中的“its important that you give your body some fuel to get through until lunchtime.Eat something with protein, such as peanut butter toast or eggs”可知，給予你身體一些能夠支撐你到午飯時(shí)間的能量很重要，你可以吃些含有蛋白質(zhì)的東西，比如花生醬吐司或者雞蛋。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“吃一頓好的早餐”符合語境。 20．解析：選F　根據(jù)本段的主旨句“Leave early for school”可知，本段主要講的是要早點(diǎn)從家出發(fā)去學(xué)校。再結(jié)合空后的“You dont want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“確保你在早上留了足夠的時(shí)間去學(xué)?！狈险Z境。 課時(shí)練(二)　語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用組塊專練——練準(zhǔn)度 (限時(shí)：30分鐘) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2019名校原創(chuàng)預(yù)測卷一)Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can — and should — do every single day. Im Will Rubio, one of the __1__ of BYUtvs Random Acts show. We take hidden cameras to unexpected places to __2__ random acts of kindness. Weve filmed acts __3__ from building disabledfriendly facilities (設(shè)施) for those who are badly __4__ them but cant afford them to returning a lost wallet. On Random Acts, it may be a neighbor or a colleague who recognizes a need and __5__ an incredible chain reaction of service. __6__ the story of Emmalene Meyers. Like many young girls, Emmalene was __7__ to be a ballet dancer — but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) __8__. Instead of seeing a limitation, Emmalenes friend Lily __9__ an opportunity. Lily imagined Emmalenes dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan __10__. So, where can you start? The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a __11__ to those in need, and then take action to make it happen. Being __12__ and involved in service is __13__ like any other goal you want to achieve. You have to __14__ it. After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of __15__ burdens and brightening lives doesnt fade. I sometimes __16__ Random Acts might lose its feature eventually, but that couldnt be further from the __17__. When I finally meet the people weve been working to __18__ and see their genuine shock and appreciation, it __19__ me in the feel every time. I cry more than anyone else on the show. Be that person doing acts of kindness out of the __20__ of your heart — be the nice you want to see in the world! 語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者通過自己做節(jié)目的親身經(jīng)歷告訴讀者一個(gè)道理：所有的善舉都始于小事，并呼吁人們將內(nèi)心的善意付諸行動(dòng)，成為最好的自己！　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1．A.photographers B．directors C．viewers D．hosts 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文中的“After two seasons of hosting Random Acts”可知，作者是Random Acts這個(gè)節(jié)目的其中一個(gè)主持人。host“(電視或廣播的)節(jié)目主持人”符合語境。photographer“攝影師”；director“導(dǎo)演”；viewer“電視觀眾”。 2．A.expose B．conduct C．a(chǎn)rrange D．a(chǎn)dvocate 解析：選A　此處指作者他們帶著隱藏?cái)z像機(jī)去到出人意料的地方，為的是展示(expose)隨意的善舉。conduct“指揮，引導(dǎo)”；arrange“安排”；advocate“提倡”。 3．A.changing B．counting C．ranging D．transforming 解析：選C　作者他們拍攝的善舉很多，包括從為那些非常需要卻又負(fù)擔(dān)不起的殘疾人建造相應(yīng)的設(shè)施到歸還丟失的錢包等各類事情。range“包括(從……到……)之間的各類事物”符合語境。count“數(shù)數(shù)”；transform“使改觀”。 4．A.in search of B．in need of C．in defence of D．in favor of 解析：選B　參見上題解析。in search of“搜尋，搜索”；in need of“需要”；in defence of“保護(hù)，防護(hù)”；in favor of“支持，贊同”。 5．A.sets off B．sets aside C．sets down D．sets out 解析：選A　根據(jù)語境可知，此處指可能是一位鄰居或者同事意識(shí)到一種需要并引發(fā)一系列不可思議的反應(yīng)——提供幫助。set off“引發(fā)，激起”符合語境。set aside“暫不考慮，留出”；set down“寫下”；set out“出發(fā)，開始”。 6．A.Retell B．Take C．Create D．Explain 解析：選B　此處指以Emmalene Meyers的故事為例。take“以……為例，將……作為例證”符合語境。retell“復(fù)述”；create“創(chuàng)作”；explain“解釋”。 7．A.anxious B．proud C．a(chǎn)fraid D．unwilling 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文中的“Emmalenes dream being brought to life onstage”可知，像許多女孩子一樣，Emmalene非常希望自己能成為一名芭蕾舞演員。anxious“渴望，非常希望”符合語境。proud“驕傲的，自豪的”；afraid“害怕的”；unwilling“不情愿的”。 8．A.exception B．dilemma C．petition D．challenge 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中的“her physical disability”可知，Emmalene身有殘疾，所以日常的(生活)事務(wù)對她來說都是挑戰(zhàn)。challenge“挑戰(zhàn)，艱巨任務(wù)”符合語境。exception“例外的情況”；dilemma“(進(jìn)退兩難的)窘境，困境”；petition“競爭，角逐”。 9．A.provided B．seized C．spotted D．missed 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文中的“recognizes a need”“Instead of seeing a limitation”及下文中的“l(fā)ook for an opportunity”可知，此處指Emmalene的朋友Lily發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。 spot“發(fā)現(xiàn)，注意到”符合語境。provide“提供”；seize“抓住”；miss“錯(cuò)過”。 10．A.successful B．a(chǎn)cceptable C．reasonable D．a(chǎn)vailable 解析：選A　根據(jù)本文“善舉”這一主題及上文中的“Lily imagined Emmalenes dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan”可知，此處指的應(yīng)是在Random Acts節(jié)目的幫助下，Lily幫助Emmalene實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想的計(jì)劃成功了。successful“成功的”符合語境。acceptable“可接受的，令人滿意的”；reasonable“有道理的，合乎情理的”；available“可獲得的，可找到的”。 11．A.choice B．difference C．promise D．decision 解析：選B　尋找一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)來影響那些身處困境中的人。make a difference“有影響，起作用”符合語境。make a choice“作出選擇”；make a promise“作出承諾”；make a decision“作出決定”。 12．A.generous B．caring C．a(chǎn)mbitious D．sociable 解析：選B　根據(jù)文章主題及語境可知，此處指樂于助人并投身于服務(wù)工作就(just)像其他任何你想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)一樣。caring“樂于助人的”符合語境。generous“慷慨的”；ambitious“有雄心的”；sociable“好交際的”。 13．A.never B．even C．still D．just 解析：選D　參見上題解析。 14．A.put up with B．make up for C．work at D．take to 解析：選C　根據(jù)語境可知，此處指你非得下功夫不可。put up with“容忍，忍受”；make up for“彌補(bǔ)”；work at“努力做，致力于”；take to“喜歡上……”。 15．A.bearing B．carrying C．reducing D．overing 解析：選C　主持了兩季的Random Acts后，作者從減輕(reducing)他人重?fù)?dān)、改善他人生活中獲得的快樂并沒有消退。bear“忍受”；carry“承擔(dān)，承受”；overe“克服”。 16．A.admit B．realize C．remember D．a(chǎn)ssume 解析：選D　有時(shí)作者認(rèn)為Random Acts這一節(jié)目總有一天會(huì)失去其特色，但是事實(shí)(truth)遠(yuǎn)非如此。assume“認(rèn)為，假設(shè)”符合語境。admit“承認(rèn)”；realize“意識(shí)到”；remember“記得”。 1