2019高考英語 詞匯（12）練習(xí)（含解析）.doc

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詞匯（12）復(fù)習(xí)：1、核心單詞2、重點短語3、寫作句式4、我讀我練（詞匯應(yīng)用、句式仿寫）【單句單詞語法填空】1 Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is _. 答案：another句意：循環(huán)利用是保護(hù)環(huán)境的一種方法，再次使用是另一種。another“另一，又一”。2 To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _of her colleagues. 答案：that根據(jù)“先贏得了學(xué)生的信任，然后贏得了同事的信任”可知，此處用于替代不可數(shù)名詞trust，應(yīng)用that；如果替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用those或the ones。3(2013天津，12改編)At our factory there are a few machines similar to_described in this magazine. 答案：those考查用于比較對象替代的代詞。比較對象的替代通常可以用that替代不可數(shù)名詞，those替代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故此處用those替代比較對象machines。4(2015安徽黃山一模改編)Cultural shock is a feeling which most travelers experience in a foreign country where they find the culture is quite different from that of _ own. 答案：their句意為：文化沖擊是一種大多數(shù)旅游者在外國會經(jīng)歷的感受，他們會發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕c自己的文化大不相同。根據(jù)句意可知此處指旅行者自己的文化。of ones own為固定搭配“某人自己的”，故填their。5(2015威海市二模)I had to raise my voice to make _ heard in the noisy crowd. 答案：myself句意為：在嘈雜的人群里，我不得不提高聲音使自己被聽見。make myself heard意為“使我自己被聽到”。核心單詞1.essential adj.必不可少的；本質(zhì)的2.estimate n.& vt. 估計，估量3.evaluate vt. 評價；估計，求的值vi. 估價，評價4.evaluation n. 估值，評價，評估5.event n. 事件；大事6.eventually adv. 最終7.exchange n. 交換，互換；匯兌，兌換；交易所；交流 vt. 交換，兌換；交流8.excuse n. 借口；辯解vt. 原諒；寬恕9.exhibition n. 展覽；展覽會10.expand v. 擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充，擴(kuò)張；膨脹11.expectation n. 預(yù)料；期望；指望12.expense n. 支出；消費(fèi)；U費(fèi)用，價錢；(pl.)開支；花費(fèi)13.experience n. U經(jīng)驗；C經(jīng)歷vt. 經(jīng)歷；體驗14.experiment n. 實驗15.explanation n. 解釋，說明16.explorer n. 探險者17.expose vt. 揭露，揭發(fā)；使暴露；(照片)使曝光18.expression n. 表達(dá)；詞句；表示；表情19.extraordinary adj. 非凡的；不平常的；特別的20.extreme adj. 極度的，極大的；在盡頭的，末端的；偏激的，走極端的21.failure n. 失敗22.familiar adj. 熟悉的 23.fantastic adj. 幻想的，異想天開的；奇異的，古怪的24.fascinating adj. 魅力無窮的25.fatal adj. 致命的，重大的重點短語1.for fear of以免，害怕for lack of 因缺少for the sake of 為了起見2.free of charge 免費(fèi)in charge (of) 主管；負(fù)責(zé)()in the charge of 由負(fù)責(zé)、主管take charge (of) 負(fù)責(zé)；掌管() 指控某人(做)某事【閱讀理解】In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up.Jeans father was a crop dusting pilot in the little farming munity in Northern California where she was raised, and Jean was very interested in airplanes and flying. She poured her heart into her report and included all of her dreams. She wanted to be a crop dusting pilot, make parachute jumps(跳傘), and be an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an F on it. The teacher told her it was a fairy tale and that none of the occupations she listed were womens jobs. Jean was devastated and humiliated.One day in her senior year of high school, her English teacher Mrs Dorothy Slaton gave the class an assignment. If you had unlimited money, unlimited access to the finest schools, and unlimited talents and abilities, what would you do? Jean felt a rush of her old enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrote down all her old dreams. The teacher leaned forward over her desk and said, You do have unlimited abilities and talents. When you leave school, if you dont go for your dreams, no one will do it for you. You can have what you want if you want it enough.The hurt and fear of years of discouragement went away because of what Mrs Slaton had said. Jean felt excited and a little scared. She stayed after class and went up to the teachers desk. Jean thanked Mrs Slaton and told her about her dream of being a pilot. Mrs Slaton half rose and slapped the desk top. Then do it! she said.So Jean did. It didnt happen overnight. It took her 10 years of hard work. It wasnt in Jeans nature to stand up for herself when someone refused or humiliated her. Instead, she would quietly try to find another way.She became a private pilot and then flew planes as a co-pilot (副駕駛員). In 1978, she became one of the first three female pilot trainees ever accepted by United Airlines and one of the only 50 women airline pilots in the nation at that time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain for United Airlines.1.When Jean Harper was in the third grade, _.A.it was mon for women to be airline pilotsB. her father advised her to be a pilot like him in the futureC. she was unsure about what she wanted to be when she grew upD. she was deeply hurt by her teachers ment on her dreams2.What was Mrs Slatons reaction when she learned about Jean Harpers dream?A. Encouraging Jean to do what she wanted to.B. Offering Jean as much help as she could.C. Persuading Jean to give up her dream.D. Making Jean aware of all the possible difficulties.3.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. How Jean Harper achieved her flying dream.B. Jean Harpers great achievements in flying.C. The hardships Jean Harper experienced when trying to be a pilot.D. Jean Harpers determination to pursue her dream.4.What gave Jean Harper enough strength and faith to pursue her dream?A. Her fathers influence on her.B. Mrs Slatons support.C. Her decision to stand up for herself.D.A teachers humiliation when she was in the third grade.【文章大意】本文是一篇人物傳記，介紹了Jean Harper如何在英語老師的鼓勵下，實現(xiàn)了當(dāng)一名飛行員的夢想。1.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的Jean was devastated and humiliated和第四段中的The hurt and fear of years of discouragement可知答案為D。3.B 【解析】段落大意題。最后一段主要講述了Jean Harper在飛行方面的成就，所以答案為B。4.B 【解析】推理判斷題。文中提到的Jean Harper的兩位老師，一位打擊她的夢想，讓她幾乎對此喪失信心；另一位老師給她無限的信心，讓她相信自己，堅持追尋夢想，所以答案為B。寫作句式主語從句1.(2016北京高考書面表達(dá))What made Yue Fei most respectable was that he didnt give up fighting for his nation even when he was wronged by some.即使被一些人冤枉，岳飛仍然為自己的國家而戰(zhàn)，這是他最值得人們敬佩的地方。2.(2016天津高考書面表達(dá))What impresses us most are your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent.給我們印象最深的是你的藝術(shù)技巧，顯示出了不同凡響的才能。3.(2013四川高考書面表達(dá))It is widely believed that through constant efforts, good learning habits will lead to greater success.人們普遍相信，通過不斷的努力，好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣會使得人們?nèi)〉酶蟮某晒ΑＮ易x我練.詞匯應(yīng)用 1.I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar(熟悉的) faces among the audience.2.The scientific research institute has conducted an experiment (實驗) on nuclear reactions today.3.It was a long journey, but we eventually (eventual)arrived.4.Please give him lots of love instead of high expectations (expect); otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.5.More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of_space(由于缺少空間).6.He sold his farm, left his family in_the_charge_of (由負(fù)責(zé)) a neighbor, and away he went in search of diamonds.句式仿寫1.最令我感到失望的是，只有百分之十的學(xué)生為了獲取知識和提高寫作能力而在空閑時間選擇閱讀。What_disappoints_me_most_is_that only 10% of the students choose to read in their spare time in order to acquire knowledge and improve writing ability.2.人們普遍認(rèn)為我們壓力很大，(而且)看起來似乎壓力在增加。It_is_widely_acknowledged_that we are under great pressure, which seems to be on the increase.3.你們都通過了這次艱難的測試，這真是太棒了。It_is_wonderful_that all of you have passed the difficult exam.【練習(xí)】My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be，however he never fails to show her care and consideration.Once I broke a neighbor window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.I could only tell him a truth.Instead of scold，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health and he also teaches me what to be a good citizen.How luckily I am to have such a good father!【答案】My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be， he never fails to show care and consideration.Once I broke a window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what happened.I could only tell him truth.Instead of ，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health he also teaches me to be a good citizen.How I am to have such a good father!第一處：刪除however。考查連詞。在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，表語放句首時，從句倒裝，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，however多余。第二處：herhis?？疾榇~。與上文人稱代詞he保持一致，可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞his。第三處：neighborneighbors。考查名詞所有格形式。此處用名詞所有格形式作定語，修飾名詞window。第四處：hashad?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。與asked呼應(yīng)可知，此處應(yīng)用過去完成時，表示過去的過去。第五處：athe?？疾楣谠~。tell the truth為固定詞組搭配，符合語境，故用定冠詞the。第六處：scoldscolding?？疾閯用~。介詞后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，故用動名詞scolding作介詞of的賓語。第七處：our前加to。考查介詞。apologize to sb.意為“向某人道歉”，為固定詞組搭配，故用介詞to。第八處：andbut?？疾檫B詞，not only.but also.意為“不但而且”，為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，故用連詞but。第九處：whathow?？疾橐蓡栐~。與teaches呼應(yīng)可知，此處表示方式，故用how。第十處：luckilylucky。考查形容詞。與I am呼應(yīng)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞lucky作表語。