高考英語一輪復習 題型解讀 閱讀填空課件.ppt

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考情表解,從上表可以看出：⑴閱讀的短文都是說明文。⑵其內(nèi)容都是教人如何學習、如何做事、如何生活。⑶短文長度在300詞左右。,⑷大多有大標題、小標題、主題句，或有表示列舉或順序的詞(如first,second,next,then,finally等)，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，層次分明，條理清楚，便于理解。⑸空格設(shè)置有可能在文首，包括要求選標題或主題句(體現(xiàn)主旨)，以及文中和文尾。標題一般為名詞短語或祈使句。⑹七個選項通常按由短到長的順序排列。,解題主要策略還是靠閱讀攻閱讀，也就是說，只有多閱讀才能攻克閱讀。但是閱讀的基礎(chǔ)是詞匯，理解句子的意思除詞匯外，還得理清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，既要有一定的語法基礎(chǔ)，理解全文大意，還得理清篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，了解作者意圖，也就是要有語篇意識。,因此，在平時的閱讀練習時，建議按以下方法去做：⑴先按高考規(guī)定的時間(7~8分鐘)完成一篇閱讀，養(yǎng)成限時閱讀的習慣。⑵在閱讀過程中，要培養(yǎng)和加強語法意識和語篇意識。,⑶將自己還沒有掌握好的考綱詞匯(單詞和短語)抄在自己的“生詞簿”上，抄后在當天或近日要復習七八次，以后抽時間常翻開看看。始終牢記：沒有英語詞匯，也就沒有英語。在閱讀中強化詞匯，在詞匯量增加的前提下，提高閱讀能力！,⑷最好花十來分鐘，透徹理解，將短文大聲朗讀兩三遍。⑸雖說大量閱讀，對中下成績的同學來說，并不在于數(shù)量多，貴在堅持，每天一兩篇足矣。重要的是按以上四條方法去做，凡是在閱讀中遇到的“生詞”都必須設(shè)法牢記。,解答此題的關(guān)鍵是理解文章大意，了解行文結(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系。具體技巧有：1.略讀抓大意快速瀏覽文章的標題和各個小標題，以及首尾段和每段首尾句，抓住文章和各段的大意;同時，把握作者思路，梳理文脈，摸清結(jié)構(gòu)。,2.讀懂前后句在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項中選出正確答案。3.尋找線索詞詞語復現(xiàn)或同現(xiàn)是語義銜接的重要手段，因此，在空白前后句中與選項中尋找原詞復現(xiàn)或近義詞復現(xiàn)，是對答案作出正確選擇的好方法。這種方法在不能完全讀懂句子意思的情況下，特別管用。,4.留意關(guān)聯(lián)詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞的作用是使句段之間銜接更緊密或過渡更自然，因此，在文中和選項中留意表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞就顯得非常重要。這些詞主要有表示并列或遞進關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，表示時間或因果關(guān)系的詞，表示例證關(guān)系的詞，表示順序的first,second,finally等詞。,5.選擇小標題如果是要求選擇小標題，可以根據(jù)另外標題的特征來判斷本標題的特征，如其他標題是名詞，就選名詞，其他標題是祈使句，就選祈使句，這樣可以大大縮小選擇范圍。做完后，將答案填入空格，確保上下文之間邏輯通順，意思貫通。,(注：2014年和2013年的全國新課標卷I和卷II的四篇題已用于配套的《閱讀理解微技能與新題型特訓》中，此處不再重復。)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。,A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.,1.2015課標卷I,BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.36Trustisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.,B前句“信任是我們從以往經(jīng)歷中獲得的習得行為”是對trust的解釋。選項B中的it指代上文出現(xiàn)的trust,并進一步解釋其含義“對某人寄托信任”，故選B，與前句為順承關(guān)系。,Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal(背叛).Whetherwe’vebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore.37It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.,E選項E“他們曾經(jīng)受過嚴重傷害,不能容忍這種事情再次發(fā)生”是上句“有時候人們就是不能再信任別人”的原因，也與下一句“這是可以理解的”有順承關(guān)系。,38Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwellbeing.,A選項A“學會真正信任你自己”與空格后的Havingconfidenceinyourself是同義復現(xiàn)，上下句的語義銜接緊密。,39Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.,C空后三次出現(xiàn)victim一詞,與選項C中的victim形成原詞復現(xiàn)。選項C“不要把自己當作受害者”起到總起本段的作用。,Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.,G選項G“看到事情的積極方面并不意味著你對發(fā)生的事情視而不見”與下一句“相反,這是一個健康的方式”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。選項中的positive與下文的positive是原詞復現(xiàn)。,A.AftersixdaysB.ForagoodmarathonrunnerC.BeforeyoubeginyourtrainingD.Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmileE.Iftheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthemF.TimespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingG.Nowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime,1.2015課標卷II,Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.16,buythebest-fitting,best-builtrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.,C由空后“購買你能找到的最合適的、最好的跑鞋”可知,這是為了跑馬拉松而進行的準備,這應該是在進行馬拉松訓練之前做的事情,故選C。,Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.17.Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.,E由空前“當你發(fā)現(xiàn)似乎合適的鞋子時,穿著走動幾天,再次檢查其舒適度”可知,選項E中they指的就是前面提到的shoes,屬于指代一致，使其前后銜接緊密。,18,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.19.,18.A空前的“在第一周的時候,不要考慮跑了多遠,但是每天都要比前一天多跑5分鐘”與空后“休息一天是明智的”，可知剩余的就是6天，故選A。19.D由空格前“但是在接下來的一周,制定每次至少跑1.5英里的目標”與D項的“每天增加半英里”意義銜接緊密。,Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.20.Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter,youcansetupatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.,G空前的“兩周后,開始給自己計時(timing)”與G項中的improvingdistanceandtime意義銜接。,A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.B.Noticeyourfriends’feelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon’tforgetaboutyourfriends.G.Then,findawaytocalmdown.,3.2012課標卷,Kids’health:FourstepsforfightingstressEverybodygetsstressedfromtimetotime.1Somewaysofdealingwithstress—likescreamingorhittingsomeone—don’tsolve(解決)much.Butotherways,liketalkingtosomeoneyoutrust,canleadyoutosolvingyourproblemoratleastfeelingbetter…,C該選項中的indifferentways與下兩句Someways…Butotherways…是“總—分”關(guān)系，銜接緊密。,…Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.2Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.,F前面談到要聯(lián)系“關(guān)心你的人”。而關(guān)心你的人除了你的“父母”或“親屬”等成年人外，也還有你的同齡人，即“朋友”。后一句的They正是指同齡人，故選F。另外，在(3)后的havesupportfromadultsandfriends可以進一步說明此題選F。,(2)Don’ttakeitoutonyourself.Sometimeswhenkidsarestressedandupsettheytakeitoutonthemselves.Oh,dear,that’snotagoodidea.Rememberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.Don’ttakeitoutonyourself.3,A前面講不要向自己出氣，也就是不要把壓力強加給自己，也就是要找人幫忙，讓你度過艱難處境。,(3)Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryou’recalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,it’stimetogetdowntobusiness.4Evenifyoucan’tsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.,E本段主題是“(3)Trytosolvetheproblem”，空格后句又有solveitall，其中it指什么？當然是theproblem，那problem又是什么呢？故選E。,(4)Bepositive.Moststressistemporary.Rememberstressdoesgoaway,especiallywhenyoufigureouttheproblemandstartworkingonsolvingit.Thesestepsaren’tmagic,buttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,you’llhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster.5,D本題是文末，自然是總結(jié)，文的中心是對抗壓力，這里應是通過四個步驟后壓力沒有了，你就感覺好了。再根據(jù)本段前句“如果你采取積極樂觀的態(tài)度來度過難關(guān)，就有助于你感覺更好，甚至更快度過”，因此選D。,stressedadj.感到有壓力的reachouttosb.聯(lián)系某人careaboutsb.關(guān)心/擔心某人trustedadj.可信賴的relativen.親戚，親屬belovedadj.心愛的takeitoutonsb.向某人出氣toughadj.困難的(difficult)getdowntobusiness言歸正傳temporaryadj.暫時的magicadj.絕妙的，極好的,助讀強化,4.2011課標卷,A.Wisedecisions.B.Thevalueofmoney.C.Permitthechildtochoosebetweenthem.D.Tellyourchildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthings.E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.F.Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.,MoneyMattersParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.___1___Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.,G由空后的So可知，正確答案與空后句子存在因果關(guān)系，能構(gòu)成這種關(guān)系的只有G，再說G項中的showsaninterest在下句中重復出現(xiàn)，意義銜接緊密。,1.Thebasicfunctionofmoney.Beingexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.It’simportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethinghewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier.___2___Whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.,F空前提到了讓孩子自己交錢買玩具(toy)，而F中正好有toy一詞，再將F代入該段，語義連貫。,2.Moneylessons.Approachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.___3___Ifyoumustsaynotoachild’srequesttospendmoney,explain,“Youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.”O(jiān)r,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say,“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.”,D空前提到開放性的金錢教育課，代入D，語義連貫。,3.___4___Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickoutsimilarbrandsofaproduct—anamebrandbutterandageneric(無商標產(chǎn)品),forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney.,A本題要求選小標題，從前兩個小標題來看，應是選名詞短語，只能在A、B中選；由下文，特別是howtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney可知，是教會孩子如何作出明智的決定，故選A。,___5___Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand,allowhimtomakeanotherpurchasewiththemoneysaved.Later,youmayexplainhowthemoreexpensivechoiceleaveslessmoneyforotherpurchases.,C因C中choosebetweenthem與空格前的makechoicesbetween意義相同，重復出現(xiàn)；另外，C中的thechild與空格后的he,him也正好對應。,basicadj.基本的；主要的tradeAforB用A換取Bopennessn.公開groceryn.食品雜貨(店)brandn.品牌makechoices作出選擇savemoney節(jié)省錢expensiveadj.貴的，奢華的purchasen.購買之物,助讀強化,5.2010課標卷,A.Showyourtrueinterest.B.Restatethequestionwithrespect.C.Someideascanbequiteconcrete.D.Thereweremanydifficultquestions.E.Itcanalsobemoreeffectiveinexchangingideas.F.Youmayalsoaskforclarificationonthequestion.G.Herearesomeideasthatcanhelpyouprepareforyournextmeeting.,Question:Ihaverecentlygotaseniorpositionwithinmycompany.Oneofmynewtasksistomakemonthlyprogressreportsonmydepartmentinfrontofotherseniorofficials.Duringmyfirstmeeting,Ipresentedandthenopenedthefloortoquestions.1Myfirstreactionwastoanswerdefensively.Later,IrealizedthatIshouldn’thavefeltthatway.ButhowcanIkeepcoolandeffectivelyanswerquestionsinthistypeofsettings?,D由前一句“我匯報之后就請?zhí)釂枴焙拖戮洹拔业牡谝环磻褪欠烙缘鼗卮?answer)”，請人提問當然就會“有許多問題”才會有下文的“回答”，也才會在這里問“如何有效回答(effectivelyanswerquestions)”,故選D。,Answer:Congratulationsonyournewposition!Presentinginfrontofyourpeers(同事)isahardtaskinitself,anditbecomesmuchmoredifficultwhenaquestion-and-answerperiodisrequired.Question-and-answerperiodsareagreatwaytoclarifythemessageandstrengthenkeypoints.___2___,G由下文的幾個小標題可基本判斷是給對方準備下次會議提出一些建議或想法，故選G。,●___3___Whenapersonisaskingaquestion,showinterestandadesiretounderstandthequestionbylisteningandaskingforclarification.,A第3題顯然是選小標題，根據(jù)下面兩個小標題，可知是祈使句，只有選項A或B了;讀下文,由showinterest可知,對別人提出的問題要表現(xiàn)出你很感興趣，故選A。,●Buytime.Whenfacingahardquestion,mostpeoplecan’tgiveananswerimmediately.Buytimebyrepeatingthequestioninyourownwords.___4___Thesetechniquesallowyoutoquicklyorganizeyourthoughtsaswellastomakesureyouwillbecorrectlyansweringthequestion.,F本段主題是“拖延時間，以便爭取時間(buytime)”，前句說“用自己的話重復那個問題”而下句“這些技巧……”，可見要填的可能是“你也可以要求把這個問題說得更清楚(要別人重述)”,故選F。,●Suggestaprivatemeeting.Aone-on-onemeetingisacalmersettingthanspeakinginfrontofyourpeers.___5___,E本段主題是“非公開會議”，一對一交流，“這也許能更有效地交換意見”，故選E。,6.2009課標卷,A.Pickaplacewhereyourchildrencanstudyproperly.B.Holdthemtothescheduletheycreateforthemselves.C.Finally,spendtimewithyourkidswhenthey’restudying.D.Keeptheatmospherelightandofferlotsofencouragement,too.,E.Instead,useTVasatreatorarewardwhenthehomeworkiscompleted.F.Trytostopthisbadhabitbyofferingsomesortofreward.G.Oneofthebestwaystoformgoodstudyhabitsforyourkidsistodesignaschedulethattheykeepto.,Gettingyourchildrentostudycanbealittlelikegettingthemtoeattheirvegetables.___1___Makeastudytimeandhaveitatthesametimeeveryday.Thiswillhelpyourkidstolearntoscheduletheirdayandwillgivethemasenseofcontroloverhowtheyspendtheirtime.,G由空格后“確定學習時間并且每天在同一時間學習，這有助于你的孩子安排好他們一天的時間”與選項G“設(shè)計一個他們堅持去做的時間表是讓你的孩子養(yǎng)成良好學習習慣的好方法”意義連貫。,Allowthemtostudyinblocksoftime,suchasforhalfanhourwithafive-minutebreakinthemiddle.___2___Idealstudytimesareafterdinnerorrightafterschoolbeforedinner.,B選項B“讓他們按他們自己設(shè)計的時間表去做”與上文聯(lián)系緊密。,Neverallowyourchildrentostudyinfrontofthetelevision,asthatwillencouragepassiveactivity.___3___,E選項E中的TV與上句中的television是原詞復現(xiàn)，認真理解上句與選項，意思非常連貫。,You’llalsoneedtohelpyourkidsfindtherightplacetostudy.Afteryou’vesetupagoodstudytimeforlittlelearners,setupagoodplacewheretheycangetthosecreativejuicesflowing.___4___Makesurethereisatableoradeskandacomfortablechair.,A選項A“選擇一個你的孩子可以學習的地方”與“確保有桌子和舒適的椅子”聯(lián)系緊密。,___5___Thisincludeshelpingthemoutwiththeirhomeworksometimesandbeingthereforthemwiththeanswerstoanyquestions.Theinputyougiveyourchildrenduringstudyperiodswillhelpformabondandhelpmakestudyingenjoyable.,C由空格后“這包括有時幫助他們解決學習中的問題”可知“在他們學習期間，你要花一些時間跟他們在一起”，故選C。,7.2008課標卷,A.Usewords,notcompletesentences.B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.E.Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.G.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.,Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.___1___Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.,G由空后的second,可知前面應是first,故選G。,Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.__2__Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.__3__,2.E因前段談筆記的好處，接下來便是談做筆記的方法；由空后“不論你什么時候記，也不管你如何記，要記住記筆記是一個選擇性的過程”，可見前句是“你也可以培養(yǎng)自己記筆記的方法”，故選E。3.F由前句“選擇的”過程，可知“首先要確定哪些重要，該記”，故選F。,Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.●Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.●Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.●Writeyournotesinyourownwords.●___4___,A上句的方法是用自己的話，這一種方法就可能是不完整的句子。,●Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速記).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.___5___,D前句說“務(wù)必要明白你的符號，且要一直使用這些符號”，此句該是“否則，以后可能會不認識你記的筆記”，故選D。,8.2007課標卷,A.That’seasy.B.Enjoyyourownclub!C.Inviteadesignertojoinyou.D.Whatareyouinterestin?E.Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner.F.Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.G.Useabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.,___1___Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyourownclub.It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.,E由本段末的duringtheschoolholidays可知,作者建議在“某個假期即將到來時”你可以成立一個俱樂部，故選E。,Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub.___2___Pets,clothes,popmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthings?Thelistisendless.Nextyouneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou.___3___Allyouneedisthreeorfourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.,2.D由空后列的Pets,clothes,popmusic…可知，看你對什么感興趣，故選D。3.A根據(jù)后文“另外只需三四個跟你有相同興趣的人”，當然是容易的事啦，故選A。,___4___Youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwritedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages.Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbenogrown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!,F由后句writedowneveryname可知，是要給俱樂部“取名”，故選F。,Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Theseareveryimportantandagainyoucanspendalotoftimemakingthem.___5___Whynotleavesomespaceforaphotoofyourself?Thatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylooklikeit.Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou’llthinkofloadsofmoreinterestingthingstodo!,G由空前可知要做會員卡，空后作者建議留出空間放相片，也就是要對會員卡“特別設(shè)計”,故選G。,aroundthecorner即將來臨loadsoffriends/money許多朋友/金錢,助讀強化,9.2012遼寧卷,A.Becheerful.B.Dothingstogether.C.Donotwaittobespokento.D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.,HowtoMakeFriendsFriendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphasmanybenefits.Itofferscompanionship,improvesself-worthandpromotesgoodhealth.Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend.___1___Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.Belowaresomehelpfulsuggestionsonhowtomakeandkeepfriends.,E根據(jù)后面的Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.可知前面說的是一個過程對一些人來說很容易。故選E。,1.Associatewithothers.Thefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeople.Youcangotopublicplacestomeetnewpeople.Besides,youwillneedtomakeyourselfknownbybecominganactivememberofsuchplaces.,2.Startaconversation.Startingaconversationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.___2___Youcanalwaysstarttheconversation.Beingabletomakesmalltalkisaveryusefulskillinrelatingwithotherpeople.,C由后面Youcanalwaysstarttheconversation.可知，你要開始一個對話，所以前面應該是不要等著別人先和你說話。故選C。,3.___3___Choosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinbuildingfriendshipastheseinterestswouldalwaysbringyouandyourfriendstogether.Hangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperience.,B根據(jù)后面的astheseinterestswouldalwaysbringyouandyourfriendstogether.要和朋友在一起做事。故選B。,4.Letitgrow.Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.___4___Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.,G根據(jù)前面說不要通過電話、短信或親自拜訪給你的朋友施加壓力，因為這可能會使對方疲憊不堪，最后你會失去友誼，因此你要給你的朋友對你做出回應的時間。故選G。,5.Enjoyyourfriendship.Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.___5___Trynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou.,D由前面一句說要允許你的朋友們做他們自己，也就是不要對朋友太挑剔。故選D。,companionshipn.友誼self-worthn.自尊promotevt.促進processn.過程associatewith聯(lián)系hangout閑逛faultn.缺點reactto對……作出反應,助讀強化,10.2011遼寧卷,A.Focusonthefuture.B.Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.C.Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening.D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.E.Butdon’tworryifyourscheduleisn’tfilledwithlife-changingevents.F.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.,Everyoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit—andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.___1___Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.1.___2___Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupcomingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimer’sdisease(早老性癡呆癥),accordingtoarecentstudy.,1.F下文的3條技巧就是避免思維遲鈍的方法。故選F。2.A由下文可知經(jīng)常做計劃、制定短期或長期目標的人會做得更好，所以，第一條技巧是要我們聚焦未來。故選A。,___3___Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.There’sevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongorshort-termgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.,E由下文可知：如果你的生活中沒有充滿變數(shù)的事情，你就不需要擔心你的預定計劃；有時候同朋友每個星期約會喝咖啡這樣的簡單事情就能夠使你聚焦未來。故選E。,2.Goforawalk.Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesandphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.___4___,G由上文可知：鍛煉能產(chǎn)生有益大腦的化學物質(zhì)，后一句是進一步說明，故選G。,3.Learnsomethingnew.TakeaSpanishclassonline,joinadrawingclub,orlearntoplaycards.Astudyfoundthatmentalstimulation(刺激)limitstheweakeningeffectsofagingonmemoryandthemind.Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime.____5____Orgodancingwithyourfriends.,C由上句可知對大腦最好的事情是你學新東西時，身體也要動，即腦力勞動和體力勞動相結(jié)合，就像學習園藝以及和朋友跳舞這樣的事情。故選C。,forgetfuladj.健忘的agevi.變老slowdown變得遲鈍annoyingadj.惱人的upcomingadj.即將來到的daten.約會short-termadj.短期的mildlyadv.輕微的mentaladj.精神的physicaladj.身體的schedulen.預定計劃,助讀強化,11.2010遼寧卷,A.LaterIreceived50centsanhour.B.Beforelong,sheletmesittherebymyself.C.Iendedmysellingarecordamountofcosmetics.D.TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme:Ilistentocustomers.E.Mygrandma’strusttaughtmehowtohandleresponsibility.F.SoonIfoundmyselflookingmorebeautifulthaneverbefore.G.WatchingmymoneygrowwasmorerewardingthananythingIcouldhavebought.,IwastenwhenIfirstsatwithmygrandmotherbehindthecashier（收銀臺)inhergeneralstore.___1___Iquicklylearnedtheimportanceoftreatingcustomerspolitelyandsaying“thankyou”.,B從后一句Iquicklylearned…“thankyou”可推知，作者的祖母先讓作者跟著她學，然后讓作者獨立工作，所以他很快學會有禮貌地對待客人的重要性。故選B。,AtfirstIwaspaidincandy.___2___Iworkedeverydayafterschool,andduringthesummerandonweekendsandholidaysfrom8a.m.to7p.m.,myfatherhelpedmesetupabankaccount.___3____BythetimeIwas12,mygrandmotherthoughtIhaddonesuchagoodjobthatshepromotedmetosellingcosmetics(化妝品).,2.A前面有atfirst，和本項中的later一致。故選A。3.G根據(jù)前一句的Myfatherhelpedmesetupabankaccount.可確定答案。故選G。,Idevelopedtheabilitytolookcustomersdirectlyintheeye.EventhoughIwasjustakid,womenwouldaskmesuchthingsas“WhatcolordoyouthinkIshouldwear?”Itookarealinterestintheirquestionsandwasabletotranslatewhattheywantedintomakeup(化妝)ideas.___4___,C作者能夠?qū)︻櫩偷膯栴}感興趣，并且能夠把他們的想法轉(zhuǎn)變成購買化妝品的想法；所以，作者結(jié)束了他以前的銷售記錄。故選C。,Thejobtaughtmeavaluablelesson:tobeasuccessfulsalesperson,youdidn’tneedtobeaRocketscientist—youneededtobeagreatlistener.___5____ExpecttheyareNOlongerwomenpurchasingcosmeticsfromme;instead,theyarekidswhotellmewhichtoystheywouldliketoseedesignedanddeveloped.,D上文提到avaluablelesson，這里承接上下文。故選D。,cashiern.收銀臺accountn.賬戶cosmeticn.化妝品translatevt.轉(zhuǎn)化purchasevt.購買handlevt.對待rewardingadj.值得的,助讀強化,12.2009遼寧卷,A.AttitudeIsEverythingB.BringOrganizationi