廣東省番禺縣2020高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解精練（5）

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1、廣東番禺縣2020高考英語（二輪）閱讀理解精練（5） 2020高考英語閱讀理解集訓(xùn)。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 In US, the potato is one of the most widely consumed crops．French fries are commonly found in typical American fast-food burger joints and cafeterias．French fries were introduced to the US when Thomas Jefferson served

2、them in the White House during his presidency from 1801 t0 1809．Potato chips are popular with consumers as well． The humble potato is more than just a kind of food．In many ways it's part of the American pop culture．Let's take a look at some pop culture potatoes． Mashed Potato dance The Mashed Pot

3、ato dance is a craze that began in 1962．The name of the dance came from the song it accompanies, Mashed Potato Time, performed by American R&B singer Dee Dee Sharp．The move vaguely resembles that of the Twist dance style, by Sharp's fellow Philadelphian, Chubby Checker． Hot Potato! Hot Potato! i

4、s an action puzzle video game released in 2001．In the game the player must drive a bus and clear the road of alien potato beings．The potato beings are either red or blue; when two like-colored potatoes touch each other, they disappear．．Over the years, Hot Potato! has received mostly positive recepti

5、on from critics． Mr．Potato Head Mr．Potato Head is an American toy invented by George Lerner in 1949．The toy consists of a plastic potato model and a variety of plastic parts like hands, feet, ears and mouths．In 1952, Mr．Potato Head became the first toy advertised on television．This commercial revo

6、lutionized marketing and caused a boom that solidified this toy's place in American pop culture． 29．Which is the newest to the American pop culture? A．French fries． B．Mashed Potato dance． C．Hot Potato! D．Mr．Potato Head． 30．What can we infer from the text? A．French frie

7、s were popular in US when first served in the White House． B．Mashed Potato Time came from Mashed Potato dance． C．Players can play Hot Potato! on their phone． D．Mr．Potato Head can be taken apart． 31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Enjoy American Fast Food B．Have F

8、un with Potatoes C．Different Uses of Potatoes D．American Food Culture 參考答案29-31 CDB 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 　　I received a call today asking if I would be willing to bring food to a family in need. The mother was having a major operation and would be lying down for sever

9、al weeks. Of course, I responded with an immediate“Yes! ”. As I planned the meal in my head, I reflected on how many times over the years I had been asked to prepare food. I have done so countless times with a very open heart. But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the cour

10、se of my life. When my mother passed away, our house was filled with fresh dinners for weeks. A woman from the church of our community stepped by each evening with some food. The gift of food was her small way of trying to ease our pain. Later in my life, when I was on bed rest during my pregnancy

11、with twins, women of the church again stepped in to help. They arranged babysitting for my two-year-old daughter, and brought lovely dinners to our house. Even when I was put in the hospital, my husband would bring cooked meals to my hospital room. How we relied on these dinners to feed my tired hus

12、band and young daughter! Food is all about comfort. It feeds our bodies, but it can also feed our souls. When you hear people talking about their favourite holidays, it usually includes their feelings connected with sharing food. I know that I will have many more opportunities in my lifetime to pre

13、pare food for others. It is truly a gift I want to prepare and deliver to someone in need. 【文章大意】作者的母親過世的時(shí)候, 社區(qū)教堂中的女人給她帶過食物; 作者懷孕的時(shí)候, 社區(qū)教堂中的女人也同樣給她帶過食物, 并幫她照顧她兩歲的女兒。因此, 今天有人需要幫助的時(shí)候, 作者也非常愿意伸出援手。 1. The author has given lots of food to others because　　　. A. she is poor at cooking B. she is a chur

14、ch member C. she is friendly to others D. she has received others’ food 【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“But the truly amazing thing is that I have received double over the course of my life. ”可知作者樂于贈(zèng)送食物給別人是因?yàn)樗约阂苍?jīng)受到別人的許多饋贈(zèng)。 2. We can learn from the first paragraph that the author　　　. A. had to stay in bed

15、for several weeks B. knew the family in need very well C. was glad to be able to lend a hand D. was tired of preparing food 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Of course, I responded with an immediate‘Yes! ’”可以推斷作者非常高興能幫助別人。 3. Which of the following is TRUE about the author? A. Her mother died when she was in

16、 hospital. B. She didn’t get enough food during her pregnancy. C. She received food as well as comfort in her hard times. D. She thinks offering food is the best way to show love. 【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三段可知作者在她自己有困難的時(shí)候接受過他人的食物與照顧。 4. According to the passage, which of the following conclusions can

17、we get? A. A good beginning makes a good ending. B. One good turn deserves another. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Every man has his faults. 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。通過上下文可知, 作者在自己困難的時(shí)候接受過別人的幫助, 如今她也非常樂意幫助別人, 由此可得出這么一個(gè)結(jié)論: 善有善報(bào)。 2020高考英語閱讀理解集訓(xùn)。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Picking a un

18、iversity is a tense period of asking yourself which institution is most relevant．That's why university rankings play such a vital role in students searching for their next academic direction．Rankings are also an inescapable part of the reputation and brand image of universities．"No university websit

19、e is complete without the claim to be in the top 100 for something or other," reported the BBC．The reason is simple: Rankings help them to attract students, staff and research investment． Currently there are numbers of university rankings, and each has its own list of criteria．But the main categor

20、ies are the same: academic reputation, graduates' performance and faculty resources． However, experts point out the ranking process isn't entirely reliable．Mark Kantrowitz, a US financial aid researcher, said university rankings were mostly just for show．He wrote in The New York Times．"It may give

21、your parents better bragging rights, but that's about it．" Moreover, it's not difficult to see the limitations of university rankings．Many rankings focus on the number of times research work is cited （引用） by other researchers．It helps British and US universities to dominate global rankings because

22、English is the favored language of academia, John O'Leary, a member of the QS academic advisory board, told The Gunrdian,． Also, rankings such as QS mainly focus on the qualities of the university rather than its students．"Any university ranking is likely to help students make better decisions ab

23、out where to study, but the need to balance them with other more human factors is also important," said Phil Moss, an education and admissions consultant． "Advice from graduates or current students can be as valuable in providing a genuine insight into the experience or quality of a particular degre

24、e program．It can also add an element that rankings can never convey-the actual emotion of a university experience．" 32．Why do universities consider rankings important? A．Rankings make them more appealing． B．Rankings are students' only reference． C．Rankings can increase their academic level． D．Ran

25、kings help them complete their websites． 33．What does the underlined "It" in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Academic research work． B．The number of researches． C．The way of ranking universities． D．The limitation of university ranking． 34．According to John O'Leary, what helps British and US un

26、iversities rank well? A．The wide use of English in academia． B．Their outstanding qualities． C．Their graduates' excellent performance． D．The academia's favor to them． 35．Besides ranking, what does Phil Moss suggest you should refer to if you're picking a university? A．Investment in education．

27、 B．Guidance from professors． C．Information on websites． D．Suggestions from students 參考答案32-35 ACAD 閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 (2020·深圳市二模，D) Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret. To perfect a particular smell, perfumemakers of

28、ten use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales, called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet. Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert. He's a plan

29、t biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因) might push whales out of the perfume business. The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be use

30、d in perfume in place of ambergris—but with_a_catch. “There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider. In the tree, the chemical is mixed with many others. That makes separation a challenge，” Bohlmann says. “It's like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.” This is where science becomes u

31、seful. When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergrislike chemical, he decided to use his gene knowhow to find the instructions for how to make the ambergrissubstitute. Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he did something that might sound strange to so

32、meone who doesn't work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast (酵母) cells. Yeast may sound familiar because it's used to make things like bread, wine and beer. Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour. When B

33、ohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree. Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a person's body. “Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or s

34、o and then everything is gone，” explains Bohlmann. “But expensive perfumes are much more stable. Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.” The new chemical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. And using yeast to make it is far cheaper tha

35、n acquiring ambergris. Bohlmann admits he never thought he'd get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes. 文章大意：本文是一篇科普說明文。介紹了一種使香水香味持久的物質(zhì)——龍涎香，因這一物質(zhì)來自于鯨，所以遭到人們的反對(duì)。科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)一些樹中的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以用來取代它，他們利用酵母菌成功制造出了這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)。 16

36、．It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, ________. A．its user probably supports whale hunting B．its smell will last for about an hour C．there will be a whale symbol on the bottle D．it is probably very expensive 答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句中“But using ambergris, which he

37、lps a perfume last longer...”以及倒數(shù)第三段中“But expensive perfumes are much more stable.”可知，含有龍涎香的香水價(jià)格昂貴，故D項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”可知，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段第二句中“is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales...”可知，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)文中未提及相

38、關(guān)信息。 17．The underlined expression “with a catch” in Paragraph 3 means ________. A．being difficult to hold B．having a hidden problem C．needing further testing D．being too similar 答案：B　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider.”可知，該詞組意為“有隱含的問題”，故B項(xiàng)正確。 18．According to the

39、 passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research? A．They can take on the characteristics of other genes. B．They can reproduce much faster than other cells. C．They share some of the qualities of plant genes. D．They're much cheaper to use than ambergris. 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段第二句中“it easily

40、 adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour.”可知，由于酵母菌容易吸收其他基因，并將目的基因成功表達(dá)出來，故常被用于基因工程研究中，故A項(xiàng)正確。 19．What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage? A．He is opposed to whale hunting. B．He made his discovery during Christmas. C．He has worked in the perfume industry for many yea

41、rs. D．He has previously done genetic research. 答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因)．.. the perfume business.”及第三段表達(dá)的語境可知，Joery Bohlmann已經(jīng)意識(shí)到，這些樹中某些基因所產(chǎn)生的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以被用于香水中以代替龍涎香，但是這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)和其他物質(zhì)混合在一起，難以分離，故可以斷定，Joerg Bohlmann曾經(jīng)做過基因研究，故D項(xiàng)正確。 20．What is the best title for the pass

42、age? A．The Christmas tree's secret. B．The sweet smell of success. C．Whalefree perfume. D．Save the whale. 答案：C　標(biāo)題概括題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret.”及文章最后一句中“producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.”可知，本文主要介紹了在香水中使用的龍涎香，這種價(jià)格昂貴的物質(zhì)，最終被樹中的某種化學(xué)物質(zhì)成功取代。故C項(xiàng)為最佳標(biāo)題。