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1、2021/6/301The Subject Clause主語從句主語從句名詞性從句（三）名詞性從句（三）2021/6/302一、主語從句的定義一、主語從句的定義二、主語從句的構(gòu)成二、主語從句的構(gòu)成三、主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞三、主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞四、四、 it 可作形式主語可作形式主語五、主語從句需注意的問題五、主語從句需注意的問題2021/6/303找出下列句子中的主語：找出下列句子中的主語：1) You are a student.2) His job is important.3) To find your way can be a problem.4) Smoking is bad for yo
2、u.5) What he does is important. 2021/6/304一、主語從句的定義：一、主語從句的定義： 在復(fù)合句中位于謂語動詞或系動詞之前充當(dāng)主語在復(fù)合句中位于謂語動詞或系動詞之前充當(dāng)主語的句子，叫主語從句。的句子，叫主語從句。 That he is still alive is a wonder. 二、主語從句的構(gòu)成：二、主語從句的構(gòu)成： 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞 + 簡單句簡單句 + 謂語動詞謂語動詞/系動詞系動詞 + 其他成分其他成分.What he wants is a book.2021/6/305三、主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：三、主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞： 從屬連詞從屬連詞: that,
3、 whether； 連接代詞連接代詞: who , whom, whose, which, what ； whatever，whoever，whichever 連接副詞連接副詞: when, where, how, why。2021/6/306 that that引導(dǎo)主語從句引導(dǎo)主語從句, that在從句中在從句中只起連接作用，只起連接作用， 不作成分，沒有意義，不能省略。不作成分，沒有意義，不能省略。 That he will come is certain.2. whether 1) whether引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)主主語從句，語從句，譯為譯為“是否是否”, 不能省略。不能省略。 if 不能引導(dǎo)表語
4、從句。不能引導(dǎo)表語從句。 Whether hell come here is a problem. 2021/6/307 3. who, whom, whose, what, which when, where, how, why1) wh-詞各詞各有自己的實際意義有自己的實際意義，2) 在從句中在從句中作成分作成分，3) 不能省略不能省略，4）從句中要用）從句中要用陳述語序陳述語序。Who will write the poem has not been decided yet.Whom she borrowed money from still puzzled him.Which side
5、 will win is not clear. What she said today was quite right. 2021/6/308When he will be back depends on the weather.Where the test will be given is not yet decided.Where and when he was born is a secret.Why he came here is not known.How we can protect the endangered animals needs to be discussed.How
6、many people died in the earthquake was unknown.2021/6/309注意：注意：whatever，whoever，whichever在在主語從句中主語從句中不含疑問意義不含疑問意義。它引導(dǎo)主語從句，。它引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中作主語、賓語或表語等。并在從句中作主語、賓語或表語等。 Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 來的人將受到歡迎。來的人將受到歡迎。 Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正
7、確的。他所做的事情是正確的。 Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你們當(dāng)中不論哪個進你們當(dāng)中不論哪個進來將會得到獎勵。來將會得到獎勵。2021/6/3010四、四、it 可作形式主語可作形式主語 為了使句子保持平衡，避免頭重腳輕為了使句子保持平衡，避免頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用經(jīng)常用 it 作形式作形式主語主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語主語從句放在后面作真正的主語. 其結(jié)構(gòu)為：其結(jié)構(gòu)為： It + 謂語動詞謂語動詞/系動詞系動詞 + 賓語賓語/表語表語 + 主語從句主語從句. 例如
8、例如: That we shall be late is certain. = It is certain that we shall be late.1. That the earth is round is known to all. = It is known to all that the earth is round. 2. whether they would support us was a problem . = It was a problem whether they would support us. 2021/6/30111. It + be + 形容詞形容詞 + th
9、at 從句從句(obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, ) 如：如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 2. It + be + 名詞詞組名詞詞組 + that 從句從句 (an honor, a fact, a pity, ）如：如：Its a pity that we cant go. 用用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)：作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)：2021/6/30123. It + be + 過去分詞過去分詞 + that 從句
10、從句 (said, reported, believed,suggested,known,thought, expected, decided, ） 如：如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. =Mr.Green is said to have arrived in Beijing. 主語主語+is said to do to be doingto have done(動作發(fā)生在動作發(fā)生在 is said 之前之前)to have been doneto have been doing2021/6/3013 He is said
11、to go abroad soon.據(jù)說他不久要出國。據(jù)說他不久要出國。 表示不定式所表示的動作尚未發(fā)生或?qū)⒁l(fā)生表示不定式所表示的動作尚未發(fā)生或?qū)⒁l(fā)生 The tigers are said to be endangered.據(jù)說這些虎處于據(jù)說這些虎處于瀕危狀態(tài)瀕危狀態(tài) 表示一般情況表示一般情況(尤其是當(dāng)不定式表示狀態(tài)而非動作時尤其是當(dāng)不定式表示狀態(tài)而非動作時)。 They are said to be researching into the question.所說他們正在所說他們正在研究這個問題。研究這個問題。 The film is said to have been going o
12、n for two months.據(jù)說這部電影已經(jīng)據(jù)說這部電影已經(jīng) 上演兩個月了。上演兩個月了。 This book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.據(jù)說這本書已經(jīng)據(jù)說這本書已經(jīng) 被譯成好幾種外語。被譯成好幾種外語。2021/6/3014 4. It + 不及物動詞或短語不及物動詞或短語 + that 從句從句 ( seem, happen, doesnt matter ,） 如：如：It happened that I was out that day. (碰碰巧巧) It seems that h
13、e has known it.(好像好像.) It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 2021/6/3015注意注意:that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞動詞原形），原形），should 可以省去?？梢允∪?。 It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that . +(should) do“ 據(jù)建議；有命據(jù)建議；有命令令,有人要求有人要求” 該句型中的過去分詞是表示該句型中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時請求，建議，命令等詞時e.g. It is sug
14、gested that we （should） go at once.It is required that everyone here should be able to use computer.2.It is important /necessary/strange. that .+(should) doe.g.It is important that the students learn English well. It is strange that you should like him. It is necessary that you should master the com
15、puter.2021/6/30161. 主語從句的主語從句的 “that” 一般不能省；一般不能?。?. 主語從句中用陳述語序；主語從句中用陳述語序；3. 主語從句只能用主語從句只能用whether引導(dǎo)，不能用引導(dǎo)，不能用if引導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；五、五、 主語從句需注意的問題主語從句需注意的問題2021/6/30174. 主語從句后面的謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)；主語從句后面的謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)； Whether hell come here _ (be) not clear. 5. what引導(dǎo)主語從句時，謂語動詞：引導(dǎo)主語從句時，謂語動詞： 1）常與其后的名詞表語一致）常與其后的名詞表語一致 2）
16、根據(jù)句子的語境而定。）根據(jù)句子的語境而定。 What you left _ (be) only several old books. What you said _ (be)of great importance.isareis 2021/6/30181. Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided.2. You have made a mistake is a fact.3. That is certain that we can win.4. If the policemen will come is not certain.we shall
17、ThatIt Whether改錯練習(xí)改錯練習(xí):2021/6/30195.It is say that he was a famous writer.6.It is seemed that it is going to rain soon .7. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.said seemsWhoever2021/6/30201._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether2._ you have done might do harm to othe
18、r people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 3._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 單項選擇：單項選擇：2021/6/30214.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning white. A. while B. that C. if D. for 5._ he said at the meeting shocked everybody pr
19、esent. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 6._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A.What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 2021/6/30227._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 8._ you dont like him is none of my business. A.
20、What B. Who C. That D. Whether 9._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 2021/6/3023LEVEL 1翻譯以下句子，并指出帶下劃線的從句屬于名詞性從句中的哪一種。1.What he wants is a book.2.It is strange that you should like him.3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you.4.This is why he did it
21、.5.That he wants a book is certain.6.I suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition.7.Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much.8.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well.9.The problem is whether you can sing it well.10.Please tell me who your monitor is. 主語從句主語從句主語從句主語從句
22、賓語從句賓語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句2021/6/3024LEVEL 1翻譯以下句子，并指出帶下劃線的從句屬于名詞性從句中的哪一種。1.What he wants is a book.2.It is strange that you should like him.3.Im so glad that I can make friends with you.4.This is why he did it.5.That he wants a book is certain.6.I suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition.7.Whether you like him or not doesnt matter too much.8.He doesnt know whether you can sing it well.9.The problem is whether you can sing it well.10.Please tell me who your monitor is. 主語從句主語從句主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句 若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正，謝謝！若有不當(dāng)之處，請指正，謝謝！
必修三unit4 主語從句
