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1、平行四邊形中的折疊問(wèn)題一、選擇題1.如圖18-4-1,將矩形ABCD折疊,使點(diǎn)D與點(diǎn)B重合,點(diǎn)C落在C處,折痕為EF,若AB=1,BC=2,則ABE和BCF的周長(zhǎng)之和為()圖18-4-1A.3 B.4 C.6 D.8答案C由折疊的性質(zhì)得CD=BC=AB,FCB=C=90,EBC=D=90.ABE+EBF=CBF+EBF=90,ABE=CBF.在BAE和BCF中,BAEBCF(ASA).BE=BF,AE=CF,又由折疊知CF=CF,AE=CF,DE=BF,EB=DE,ABE的周長(zhǎng)=AB+AE+EB=AB+AE+ED=AB+AD=1+2=3,ABE和 BCF的周長(zhǎng)之和為23=6.故選C.2.如圖1
2、8-4-2,在菱形ABCD中,A=120,EFAD交BD于點(diǎn)F,沿BE折疊ABE,點(diǎn)A恰好落在BD上的點(diǎn)F處,那么BFC的度數(shù)是()圖18-4-2A.60 B.70C.75 D.80答案C四邊形ABCD是菱形,AB=BC,A+ABC=180,BD平分ABC.A=120,ABC=60,FBC=30.根據(jù)折疊可得AB=BF,FB=BC.BFC=BCF=(180-30)2=75.故選C.3.如圖18-4-3,在正方形ABCD中,AB=6,點(diǎn)E在邊CD上,且CD=3DE.將ADE沿AE對(duì)折至AFE,延長(zhǎng)EF交邊BC于點(diǎn)G,連接AG,CF,有下列結(jié)論:ABGAFG,BG=CG,AGCF,SEGC=SAF
3、E,AGB+AED=145.其中正確的個(gè)數(shù)是()圖18-4-3A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5答案C易知AB=AD=AF,又AG=AG,B=AFG=90,RtABGRtAFG,故正確.由已知得EF=DE=CD=2,CE=CD=4.設(shè)BG=FG=x,則CG=6-x.在RtECG中,根據(jù)勾股定理,得(6-x)2+42=(x+2)2,解得x=3.BG=3=CG.故正確.CG=BG,BG=GF,CG=GF,FGC是等腰三角形,GFC=GCF,又RtABGRtAFG,AGB=AGF,AGB+AGF=2AGB=180-FGC=GFC+GCF=2GFC=2GCF,AGB=AGF=GFC=GCF,AGCF.故正
4、確.SGCE=GCCE=34=6,SAFE=AFEF=62=6,SEGC=SAFE.故正確.由RtABGRtAFG得BAG=FAG,又由折疊知DAE=FAE.而B(niǎo)AD=90,GAE=45.AGB+AED=180-GAE=135.故錯(cuò)誤.應(yīng)選C.二、填空題4.在ABCD中,AB=6,AD=8,B是銳角,將ACD沿對(duì)角線折疊,點(diǎn)D落在ABC所在平面內(nèi)的點(diǎn)E處,如果AE恰好經(jīng)過(guò)BC的中點(diǎn),那么ABCD的面積是.答案12解析如圖,連接BE,設(shè)AE,BC的交點(diǎn)為O,則O是BC的中點(diǎn).在ABC和CDA中,AB=CD,BC=DA,AC=CA,ABCCDA,ABCCEA,ACB=CAE,由折疊知AD=AE,B
5、C=AE.在AOC中,ACB=CAE,AO=OC,又O是BC的中點(diǎn),AO=OC=BO=OE,四邊形ABEC是矩形,則ABCD的面積與矩形ABEC的面積相等,在RtAEC中,AC=6,AE=AD=8,由勾股定理得EC=2,ABCD的面積=ACCE=62=12.5.如圖18-4-4,矩形ABCD中,AB=8,AD=17,將此矩形折疊,使頂點(diǎn)A落在BC邊的A處,折痕所在直線同時(shí)經(jīng)過(guò)AB,AD(包括端點(diǎn)).設(shè)BA=x,則x的取值范圍是.圖18-4-4答案2x8解析如圖,四邊形ABCD是矩形,AB=8,AD=17,BC=AD=17,CD=AB=8.當(dāng)折痕經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)D時(shí),由翻折的性質(zhì)得AD=AD=17,在Rt
6、ACD中,AC=15,BA=BC-AC=17-15=2;當(dāng)折痕經(jīng)過(guò)點(diǎn)B時(shí),由翻折的性質(zhì)得BA=AB=8.綜上,x的取值范圍是2x8.三、解答題6.如圖18-4-5,將平行四邊形ABCD沿對(duì)角線AC折疊,點(diǎn)D落在點(diǎn)E處,AE恰好經(jīng)過(guò)BC邊的中點(diǎn)F.若AB=3,BC=6,求B的度數(shù).圖18-4-5解析四邊形ABCD為平行四邊形,ADBC,ACB=DAC.平行四邊形ABCD沿對(duì)角線AC折疊,點(diǎn)D落在點(diǎn)E處,DAC=EAC,ACB=EAC,FC=FA.F為BC邊的中點(diǎn),BC=6,AF=CF=BF=6=3.又AB=3,ABF是等邊三角形,B=60.7.如圖18-4-6,將菱形ABCD折疊,使點(diǎn)A恰好落在菱形的對(duì)角線交點(diǎn)O處,折痕為EF.若菱形的邊長(zhǎng)為2 cm,BAD=120,求EF的長(zhǎng).圖18-4-6解析四邊形ABCD是菱形,ACBD,AC平分BAD.BAD=120,BAC=60,ABO=90-60=30.AOB=90,AO=AB=2=1(cm).由勾股定理,得BO=DO= cm.點(diǎn)A沿EF折疊后與點(diǎn)O重合,EFAC,EF平分AO.ACBD,EFBD,EF為ABD的中位線,EF=BD=(+)=(cm).3