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1、Chapter 3 Environment Readingair pollutionindustrial pollutionsmog = smoke + fogwater pollution1. How about the environment nowadays?2. Thinking over and using some simple phrases to describe the environment. The possible answer may be : trees cutting/ water pollution/air pollution/ rubbish everywhe
2、re noisy /cars too many4. What is the best way to protect our earth? As a green consumers. environmental friendly. atmospherechemicalscarbon dioxideburning fuelsmainlycaused bypolluted byWords & expressionsatmospherethe surface of the moon rainforest destruction of rainforest flood1) green consumer:
3、 綠色消費者綠色消費者 consumer: (解釋解釋)a person who buys or uses something, （詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）: consume v(例句）例句）The consumers complained about the poor quality of the electronic products.2) guide 1. 指南，指南， 指導手冊指導手冊 2導游，導游， 向?qū)驅(qū)?3旅游手冊旅游手冊 （例句）（例句）You may read the guide to French wines first. （例句）（例句）We found a guide
4、who knew the mountains well.（例句）（例句）This is a newly published guide about Shanghai.3) danger: n 危險危險 be in danger: 處于危險中處于危險中 （詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）adj: dangerous(例句）例句）1. Our earth is in danger because of pollution. 2. Our earth is dangerous because of pollution.4) environment n：環(huán)境環(huán)境 （詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）environmenta
5、l adj：環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的 environmentally adv:環(huán)境產(chǎn)生地環(huán)境產(chǎn)生地 （例句）（例句）1. Walking instead of driving is good for the environment. 2.Environmental bags is very popular by people now. 3. Saving Earth is to buy and use environmentally friendly things.5) save the earth: 拯救地球拯救地球 save: 拯救，搭救拯救，搭救 v （詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）Safe adj
6、: 安全的安全的Safety n: 安全安全adv: safely6) A kind of: 一種一種/種類種類 （例句）（例句）Air pollution is a kind of atmosphere pollution.7)Get out 散發(fā)出去、出去散發(fā)出去、出去 get on 上車上車 get off 下車下車 get from 從從得到得到 （例句）例句）1. Solar Heater can get out energy 2. We get on Fuyuan station and get off at FuAn School. 3. I got a present from
7、 my friend last week.8)lifeless: 無生命的無生命的 （反義詞）（反義詞）living (解釋解釋) out any form of life (例句）例句）We think that Mars is a lifeless planet. 9)act: 生效，發(fā)生作用生效，發(fā)生作用 (解釋解釋)do sth. or behave in a certain way（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）n:action, actor, actressadj: active（例句）（例句）Does the drug take long to act?10)keepfrom: 阻止阻止
8、做某事做某事 keep in: 抑制，保留抑制，保留(例句）例句）She tried to keep me from seeing the letter.(區(qū)分區(qū)分)keep doing 保持保持一直做某事一直做某事11)warmth: 溫暖，暖和溫暖，暖和 n (解釋解釋)heat （詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）adj: warm（例句）（例句）She felt the warmth of the sun on her face.12)pollute: 污染污染 (解釋解釋)make something dirty, unpleasant or dangerous(例句）例句） You can s
9、ee the pollution on this beach.（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）n: pollution（例句）（例句）1. Your smoking is polluting the air in this room.2. The river is polluted by the factory.13)chemical: 化學藥品化學藥品 （詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）（詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）n: chemistry 化學化學14)in the form of gases: 以氣態(tài)的形式存在以氣態(tài)的形式存在15)keep in: 抑制，保留抑制，保留 2. Dont play by the river in cas
10、e you fall in and drown(例句）例句）1. Some plants will drown if you water them too much.18)drown: 淹死淹死 (解釋解釋)kill by covering with water (詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）n: drowner1. I finally found my own level in the business world.17)level: 水平，水準水平，水準16)absorb:吸收吸收 take in 19)Surface 表面表面 n(例句）例句）1.The surface of the sea i
11、s calm. 2. people wonder the surface of the moon. 20) Sunlight 陽光陽光 n (例句）例句）1. All plants need a plenty of sunlight and water Reading You are going to read a book review by Tony Ma. Before you read it, look at the book cover, the title, the first paragraph and the headings, and try to answer these
12、questions. A Look and think The Young Green Consumer GuideThe writers are John Elkington and Julia Hailes.A green consumer is someone who only buys goods that will not harm the environment.The main topic of the book is becoming a green consumer to save EarthFour. The greenhouse effect. Destruction o
13、f rainforests Bad habits How can we save Earth?Reading Millie is talking to Arthur about the review, but she doesnt not make herself Clear(清楚）清楚）. Replace the italicized wordswith information from the review.B Find the facts 1.Without it, Earth would as cold and lifeless as the surface of the moon.2
14、.We are polluting it with chemicals.3.This is making the greenhouse effect worse.4.It absorbs water when it rains. the atmosphere the atmosphere The burning and cutting down of trees Soil5.This creates mountains of rubbish.6.It pollutes our land and seas.7.These things will not damage the environmen
15、t.Our habit of using things once and then throwing them away. A lot of rubbish Environmentally friendly things Skimming the text of Chapter 3 find out the main idea of each paragraphs.Read the first paragraph and find out the main ideaThe first paragraph tells us our world is in danger. 1.The second
16、 paragraph says “the greenhouse effect”. Is it very important ? 2. What is the main idea in this paragragh? The atmosphere around Earth is important to all living things.More trees are cut down , what will happen ?Its main idea in this passage is the burning and cutting down trees is making the gree
17、nhouse effect worse.it causes floodsIn the fourth picture we can see amount of rubbish there? and what do you think of this passage ?Bad habits cause pollution. Rubbish should be thrown away in right way or we should use recycling things.What does the last passage talk about?Be green consumers and t
18、ry to use and buy environmentally friendly things.Reading C1 Find the words and phrases in Column A in the article. Then read the words around them and choose their meanings from Column B.C Find the meanings A B1 creates a.lead to2 atmosphere b.takes in 3 cause c.being good to the environment4 flood
19、s d.the mixture of gases around Earth5 absorbs e.produce6 environmentally f. a large amount of water friendly covering an area 7 warmth g. heat C2 Choose words and the phrases in the box to complete the dialogues below.mountains of, lifeless , environment sunlight, reach, habit1JUDY Why should we pl
20、ant more trees? PAUL Because it can help protect the _.2JUDY Peter often talks with his mouth full when he eats dinner. PAUL Oh, thats rude. He must change his eating _.3.JUDY Why do people wear sunglasses, Paul? PAUL They wear sunglasses to protect their eyes from strong _. environment habits sunli
21、ght4 JUDY Are you tall enough to _ the book on the top of the shelf? PAUL No, Im not. I will ask my father for help.5 JUDY I have _ work to do today. PAUL Then you cant go out with me, can you?6 JUDY Is Mars a _ planet? PAUL No, it isnt. There is no air or water on it. mountains of lifeless reachD1
22、Based on your reading of the review, Choose the correct answers.D Find the facts1.The writers of the book compare the atmosphere to _.a.a greenhouse b. an ordinary housec. the glass of a greenhouse2.Because of pollution, _.a. not enough sunlight is reaching Earthb.too much heat is kept in Earthc. to
23、o enough heat is leaving Earth3 The greenhouse effect causes the level of seas to _.a. rise b. fall c. remain the same4.If we cut down more trees, the green-house effect will be _.a. worse b. better c. the same5.Many people use things only once and Then throw them away. This _rubbish.a. reduces b. h
24、elp clean c.produces 6.The book encourages young people to _.a. protect the environment moreb. buy more thingsc. Learn more about EarthD2 Answer the following questions according to the review.D Find the facts1.What causes our Earth to be in danger?2.If the atmosphere keeps in too much heat, will it
25、 be harmful to Earth? Why or Why not?The greenhouse effect, the destruction of rainforests and our bad habits.Yes, it will. Because it will cause the level of seas to rise and drown cities and even countries.3. What are the causes of the greenhouse effect?4.Do the writers of the book give an example
26、 of those bad habits that cause pollution? If so, what is it?5.What can we do to save Earth from danger?People polluting the atmosphere with Chemicals and the burning and cutting down of trees.Yes, they do. People throw away as many as ten billion bottles in the UK every year!We can become green con
27、sumers and only buy and use environmentally friendly things.Save the earth Save the earth How can we do ?How can we do ?Work in pairs to debateHow to save our earthA group discuss then give some ideas. B group debates A group.The greenhouse consumerThe greenhouse effectDestruction of rainforestsBad
28、habitsSave Earth1.在危險中在危險中2. 環(huán)境問題環(huán)境問題3.舉止像舉止像4.阻止阻止發(fā)生發(fā)生 5.月球表面月球表面6.以以格式格式1.be in danger 2.environmental problems3.act like 4 keepfrom (doing) sth stopfrom (doing) sth preventfrom (doing) sth5.the surface of the moon 6.in the form of 7.使使更差更差8.吸收有害氣體吸收有害氣體9.扔掉扔掉10.大量的大量的11.總是總是; 一路上一路上12.為了為了13.環(huán)保的環(huán)
29、保的14.破壞環(huán)境破壞環(huán)境7.make sth. Worse8. take in harmful gases9.throw away10. mountains of 11.all the way 12.in order to 13.environmentally friendly 14.damage the environmentTypes of pollution sources influenceLandAirWaterWhere do the different types of pollution come from?How do they affect our lives?Fill
30、in the form More practice & Using English(P41-42) READ THE CONVERSATION BETWEEN TIM AND PENNY ABOUT FIRES AND ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.ANSWER THE QUESTIONS1.Is thick smog covering most of South East Asia?2.Why dont firemen put out these fires?3.Are trees very important to the world?4.What is t
31、he most serious problem?YesBecause they are too bigYes, they are.The fire is destroying the forests.HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF TREES ON FIREPlace(1)ReasonsResultsIndonesia(2)Farmers and companies use fires to clear the land(3)A drought started many months ago, so the land is very dry.(4)They are very
32、hard for peoples health(5)No tourists are coming here to Indonesia(6)The fire is destroying the forests.B Think about three types of pollution in the area around your school,try to make suggestions for how the problems can be solved.Discuss it with your class. USING ENGLISHTHE INDEX OF A BOOK How gr
33、een are you?work alone to answer the questionnaire below. Circle your answers,add up your score and then check the total with the analysis below. Look at the questions on Page 42How Green Are you?1.Do you recycle A:newspapers? 1 B:tins? 1 C:plastic bags? 22.When you make a short journey, do you A:wa
34、lk or cycle? 3 B:go by car? 0 C:go by public transport? 13.What type of bags do you use for shopping? A:reusable (e.g.,basket) 3 B:reused plastic 1 C:new plastic 04.How many pieces of electrical equipment are used in your kitchen?A:10 or more 0B:5 to 9 1C:below 5 25.Do you make sure that lights and
35、other electrical equipment are switched off when not needed?A:nearly always 2B:seldom 1C:never 06.Do you use disposable chopsticks? A:often 0 B:seldom 1 C:never 27.Do you use paper tissues? A:often 0 B:seldom 1 C:never 28:Do you usually take? A:a bath 0 B:a shower 1. This is our report on the_ quest
36、ionnaire.The average score for our group was_.This means that we_ We scored the most points for questions_.We scored the fewest points for questions_B Produce a short report for your group.How green are you8need to try harder7 and 83.5 and 6 Writing(P40)Writing a letter about environmental problems(
37、3steps)Listening(P34)Understanding the sequences of eventsLanguage(P35-37)Teaching goals教學目標教學目標:1.Learn to use and correctly.-Why do you feel sorry for them?-Because they dont have as much fun as I do.2.Learn to use correctly. He is as tall as me.3.Learn to compare things with like, the same as and
38、 different from.He looks like his dad.My brothers job is the same as my dads.The orange smells different from the apple.1. 對對”Why”的問句我們常用的問句我們常用 “because”回答回答,但有時也用但有時也用不定式回答不定式回答. - Why do we use CFCs a lot? - Because they are so useful. - Why did you go to France? - To study French.2. because是連詞是連
39、詞,所以后邊跟從句所以后邊跟從句 because of 后邊加名詞或者動名詞短語后邊加名詞或者動名詞短語 He didnt come to work late because he was ill. He didnt come to work late because of his illness.Note: because 不可以與不可以與 so 連用連用.因為我媽媽生病了，所以我上星期六呆在家因為我媽媽生病了，所以我上星期六呆在家Because my mother was ill, I stayed at home last Saturday. = Mother was ill, so I
40、 stayed at home last Saturday.1. Why not doWhy dont you do 意思是意思是“為什么為什么不呢不呢” 一般用在疑問句中一般用在疑問句中,表示提建議表示提建議. 今天下午去野餐怎么樣？今天下午去野餐怎么樣？ 2. Why dont didnt you/we . do sth？ 是疑問的用法是疑問的用法:為什么不為什么不? 為什么不回答這些問題？（疑問）為什么不回答這些問題？（疑問） Why dont you answer this question?3. Why (關系副詞關系副詞) 放在放在 the reason 后面引導從句后面引導從句:
41、 “ the reason why +從句從句”The reason why he was late was that he got up late. (經(jīng)?？墒∪ハ刃性~經(jīng)常可省去先行詞the reason 或或why)Why not have a picnic this afternoon? 2. Adverbial Clauses of reason (原因狀語從句）原因狀語從句） 區(qū)分:because, since, as, now that, for 3. - Why is our atmosphere changing? - _ we are polluting it with ch
42、emical. A As B Since C For D. Because4. The old lady does not go out in the winter, _ she feels it is too cold.A. for B. as C. since D. so AADA 1. because, since, now that, as 通常用于引導原因通常用于引導原因 狀語從狀語從句句, 由由for引導的并列句也可表示原因引導的并列句也可表示原因因為我喜歡，我才干。因為我喜歡，我才干。 I do it because I like it. 既然大家都來了既然大家都來了, 讓我們開
43、始開會吧讓我們開始開會吧. Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.既然你身體不好既然你身體不好, 你就不該熬夜你就不該熬夜.As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late. 現(xiàn)在既然大家都到了，咱們就設法做個決定吧。現(xiàn)在既然大家都到了，咱們就設法做個決定吧。 Now that youre all here, lets try to reach a decision. 我請她留下來喝茶我請她留下來喝茶,因為我有事要告訴她因為我有事要告訴她. I asked her to sta
44、y to have tea, for I had something to tell her.2. Things to remember:because , since , as , now that , for,辨析辨析1. because語氣最重語氣最重, 表示的是直接原因表示的是直接原因 回答回答why 時只能用它時只能用它. 2. as ,since, now that, 一般不表示原因一般不表示原因, 而是從旁說而是從旁說明理由明理由, (譯為：譯為：由于由于，既然既然). 3. for 被認為是復合句的并列連詞被認為是復合句的并列連詞(常用于推斷常用于推斷), 表表示理由示理由.1
45、.Why are you so happy these days?2.Why should we protect small animals?3.Why were you late for school this morning?4.Why couldnt he finish his homework on time?5.Why did she go to work by taxi today?1.Why should we Because cars and buses pollute the air.2.Why should we Because they can be used again
46、 and again.3.Why should we Because batteries cause pollution.4.Why should we Because a shower uses less water than a bath.5.Why should we Because making it usually causes air pollution.6.Why should we Because we only have one earth.1. S 1 Why do you think teenagers with a sister or a brother have mo
47、re fun? S 2 Because they always have someone to talk to.2. S 1 Why do you think youre a confident person? S 2 Because I believe in myself and I work hard.3. S 1 Why do you think you know more about computer that your dad? S 2 Because he doesnt use computers in his job,and I use them everyday for my
48、schoolwork. 4. S 1 Why do you think you have more opportunities than older generation? S 2 Because its much easier for our generation to get higher education.5. S 1 Why do you like your cup so much? S 2 Because I won it in a competition.6. S 1 Why is the black leader jacket so important to you? S 2
49、Because I used my money to buy it. B. COMPARING THINGS (1) as形容詞/副詞原級as: 表示雙方情況“一模一樣” . My schoolbag is as heavy as yours. Arthur calculates as accurately as a calculator. (2) not so/as形容詞/副詞原級as: 表示雙方情況“不（那么）一樣”. It is not so/ as hot as yesterday. I cant speak English so/as fast as a native speaker
50、. 幾個習慣用法：同級比較與比較級轉(zhuǎn)換 Tom is not as tall as John. 湯姆不如約翰高。 Tom is shorter than John. 湯姆比約翰矮。 Tom is not as careful as Mary. 湯姆不如瑪麗認真。 Tom is less careful than Mary. 湯姆沒有瑪麗認真。二.注意幾個詞組1. as soon as 一就Please let us know as soon as you arrive in Beijing.一到北京，請通知我們一聲。As soon as she got home, she began cook
51、ing.她一到家就開始做飯。2. as much / many as多達，達到之多，實際上等于，差不多Some of the stones even weigh as much as fifteen tons.有些石塊甚至重達15噸。The number of people who lost homes reaches as many as 250,000.失去家園的人數(shù)多達25萬。That”s as much as to say he was a thief.那無異于說他曾是個小偷。3. as well as和，同，既又，不僅而且My parents as well as my elder
52、brother enjoy music.我父母親和我哥哥都喜歡音樂。He is clever as well as hard working.他不僅努力工作而且聰明。4. asas possible / one can盡可能，盡（某人）所能Please sweep the floor as clean as possible.請把地打掃得盡可能干凈。I”ll get back as soon as I can.He is as tall as me.He is not so tall as I. He ran as fast as I. He didnt run as fast as Me.1
53、.The blacks do not throw as many tins as the whites.2. The Whites throw away as much plastic as the Browns.3. The Browns throw away as much metal as the Blacks.4. The greens do not throw as much glass as the Whites. like(介詞介詞:”像像”), the same as, different fromSame用法小結(jié)用法小結(jié):注意注意:1.The room is the same
54、 as that one in size.(用英語解釋英語用英語解釋英語)This room is the same size as that one.2.My opinion is the same as yours. (用英語解釋英語用英語解釋英語)I have the same opinion as you.Same用法小結(jié)用法小結(jié):小試牛刀小試牛刀1.他的夢想和我的一樣他的夢想和我的一樣. His dream is _.2.深圳的植物和北京的不一樣深圳的植物和北京的不一樣.The plants in Shenzhen arent _ in Beijing.3.我和喬伊斯在一個辦公室上班
55、我和喬伊斯在一個辦公室上班.I work _ as Joyce does.4.他頭發(fā)的顏色和他媽媽的一樣他頭發(fā)的顏色和他媽媽的一樣.His hair is _. the same as mine. the same as those in the same office the same colour as his mothers.“相同相同”與與”不同不同”大展臺大展臺:注意注意:1.Your watch and mine are the same. (用英語解釋英語用英語解釋英語)Your watch is the same as mine.2.Her books and ours are
56、 different.(用英語解釋英語用英語解釋英語)Her books are different from ours.3.I am the same age as you. (用英語解釋英語用英語解釋英語)I am as old as you.4.This ruler is the same length as that one.(用英語解釋英語用英語解釋英語) This ruler is as long as that one.1.different from2. the same as3.different from4.the same as5.like6.like 小試牛刀小試牛刀:
57、1.這兩兄弟看上去一樣這兩兄弟看上去一樣.The two brothers _ _ _.2.這件毛衣與那一件不同這件毛衣與那一件不同.This sweater is _ _ that one.3.那聽起來像個好主意那聽起來像個好主意.That _ _a good idea.改寫同義句改寫同義句4.The two hats are the same.This hat is _ _ _ that one.5.Our classroom is as big as theirs.Our classrooms is _ _ _ _ theirs.look the same different from
58、sounds like the same as the same size asJoyces favourite thing is _ Erics.Eric talks a lot, _/_his sister.This generation is _ the older generation. This generation knows moreabout computers.Joyce is _/_her cousin. They both want to go shopping all the time.different from1234differentfromlikethe sam
59、e aslike the same as1.Why did you buy this toy? did you buy this toy ?2. Why not play with your classmates? ? 3. -Why are you so happy?- I won the prize.4. He was late because he missed the bus . ?5. I have two books. He has two books, too. I have _ _ _ as he has. WhatforWhy dont you play with your classmatesBecauseWhy was he late ?as many booksSpeaking(P38) Dialogue:A: Which do you prefer to ?B: Id prefer/ I would prefer ReportI talked to young people.I asked them about All of them Most of themSome of themOne/ Two of themprefer(s)Thank you for listening!
八年級英語下冊 Chapter 3 Environment課件 牛津深圳版
