atgAAA高考英語一輪選練習(xí)題 Unit 1 A land of diversity含解析新人教版選修8

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1、 選修8Unit 1 李仕才 考點規(guī)范練(選修8　Unit 1) 【短文語法填空】 The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “a

2、ir condition”a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __5__(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __6__ (cool) the house

3、during the hot day：__7__ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle __8__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As__9__(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out

4、exactly__10__thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　相比現(xiàn)代化的建筑，簡陋的土坯房可謂丑陋不堪。但當(dāng)代的建筑師卻對其情有獨鐘。短文主要介紹了土坯房能夠調(diào)節(jié)溫度的原理。 1. built　[考查過去分詞短語作后置定語。主語dwellings與動詞build之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。又由by一詞的暗示也可知用表示被動意義的過去分詞。] 2. the　[考查定冠詞的用法?？崭裰鬄樾稳菰~的最高級形式，故填定冠詞。] 3. ability　[考查形

5、容詞與名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞their之后應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞，故將able轉(zhuǎn)化為其名詞形式。] 4. using　[考查介詞的用法。介詞without之后的動詞要用動名詞形式。] 5. slowly　[考查副詞的用法。由土坯制成的墻壁在炎熱的白天吸收太陽的熱量并在涼爽的夜間慢慢將熱量釋放出來。修飾謂語動詞give out，因此要用副詞形式。] 6. to cool　[考查固定句式的用法?！靶稳菰~＋enough＋動詞不定式”為一常用句式。] 7. at　[考查固定短語的用法。at the same time意為“同時”，是一個常用介詞短語。] 8. goes　[考查動詞的時態(tài)。這是一篇說

6、明文，主要介紹了土坯房冬暖夏涼的原理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。] 9. natural　[考查形容詞的用法。修飾名詞architects，故要用形容詞形式。] 10. how　[考查賓語從句的連接詞用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個賓語從句。根據(jù)形容詞thick及結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墻的確切厚度。所以答案為how。] Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A In the fifteenth century Italy had no single ruler.Instead it was a collection of independent states,known as “city state

7、s” because each one was run by a central city such as Florence.Some were small;some were large.Most states had their own government,laws and money.During the Middle Ages,five city states became very rich and powerful.For example,Venice became rich from its trade with the Far East,the Mediterranean a

8、nd the rest of Europe.Banks in Florence lent money to businesses and governments all over Europe. There was great competition between the city states—which led to regular wars—and between the families which ruled them.The city states also competed with each other to build the grandest or tallest bu

9、ildings. Let’s look in detail at one city—Florence.In 1400 Florence was one of the largest cities in Italy.It was the centre of a rich trade in wool and cloth.One-third of the workers in Florence worked in the wool trade. The most powerful family in Florence was the Medici family,who had made thei

10、r money through banking.The most famous member of the family was Lorenzo de’ Medici who ruled the city between 1469 and 1492. The other powerful people who had influence in Florence were the members of the guilds (行業(yè)協(xié)會).Craftsmen such as carpenters each had their own guild.If you were a member of a

11、 guild and over 25 years old then you could be involved in governing the city. The rulers of Florence wanted their city to be impressive and famous.The Medici collected books and built a huge library to house them.They spent money on renovating (修復(fù)) old buildings and putting up new ones.They built

12、a splendid palace and employed painters and sculptors to decorate it.Some of the best and most famous artists were brought to work in Florence. 1.What do we know about the city states? A.They ruled themselves. B.They were made up of five cities. C.They didn’t trade with each other. D.They disap

13、peared during the Middle Ages. 2.The relationship between the city states can be described as 　　　. A.strong　　　　　　B.inflexible C.unfriendly D.cooperative 3.According to the text,the Medici family 　　　. A.created their own guild B.contributed a lot to Florence C.was the single ruler of Florence

14、 D.became rich through doing woodwork 4.Why did some artists go to Florence? A.Because there was great demand for art in Florence. B.Because there were many famous artists in Florence. C.Because Florence was well-known for its art trade. D.Because other cities had no interest in art. B (201

15、6廣東五校協(xié)作體第一次聯(lián)考) Welcome to Adventureland! Everyone loves Adventureland!The parks and exhibitions were built for you to explore,enjoy,and admire their wonders.Every visit will be an unforgettable experience.You will go away enriched,longing to come back.What are you going to do this time? The Trave

16、l Pavilion Explore places you have never been to before,and experience different ways of life.Visit the Amazon jungle village,the Turkish market,the Tai floating market,the Berber mountain house and others.Talk to the people there who will tell you about their lives,and things they make.You can try

17、 making a carpet,making nets,fishing... The Future Tower This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives.It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then.Spend some time in our space station and climb into our simulator(模擬裝置)f

18、or the journey to Mars! The Nature Park This is not really one park but several.In the Safari Park you can drive among African animals in one of our Range Cruisers:see lions,giraffes,elephants in the wild.Move on to the Ocean Park to watch the dolphins and whales.And then there is still the Aviary

19、 to see... The Pyramid This is the center of Adventureland.Run out of films,need some postcards and stamps?For all these things and many more,visit our underground shopping center.Come here for information and ideas too. 5.The Travel Pavilion is built to help visitors 　　　. A.realize the importan

20、ce of traveling B.become familiar with mountain countries C.learn something about different places in the world D.learn how to make things such as fishing nets 6.If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life in the future will be like,you may visit 　　　. A.the Travel Pavilion B.the

21、Future Tower C.the Safari Park D.the Pyramid 7.If you want to get a toy lion to take home,where will you most likely go? A.The Travel Pavilion.　B.The Nature Park. C.The Future Tower. D.The Pyramid. 【鞏固】 The American Family Immigration History Center is an exciting new interactive area at th

22、e Ellis Island Immigration Museum where more than 100 million Americans may search for their familys beginnings in the New World. Now, for the first time, the passengers records of the ships that landed some 22 million immigrants, crewmembers and other passengers at the Port of New York and Ellis Is

23、land from 1892 to 1924 have been computerized, making it easier than ever to discover your own family history. Five years in the making, the center was developed and funded by the Statue of the LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc., which was responsible for the restoration and preservation of the

24、Statue of the Liberty and Ellis Island, and the creation of the Immigration Museum. For visitors to the Museum, the excitement begins at a welcomingkioskwhere you can enter ancestors names and see if their arrival records are included in the database and are available in the History Center in the M

25、useums West Wing. Once inside the Center itself, in the very place where your ancestors (grandgrandparents) may have ended their long journey, you and your family can log on the one of 41 computers, type in name, and, within seconds, set in motion your own special journey of discovery. Imagine the

26、 excitement youll share with your family as you use the latest technology to sort through a vast computerized archive (檔案館) with millions of records, and see your familys own personal story in America come to life before your eyes. Millions of hours were spent creating this vast database and, if yo

27、u find your ancestors names, youll discover answers to questions youve always wondered about... What ship did my family members take? When did they arrive? How old were they? Were they married? Then, take these valuable records and create your own Family History Scrapbook, preserving forever the sto

28、ry of the past while keeping the legacy of your family alive. 1.Why is it easier for visitors to find their family histories in the History Center? A. More clerks are employed there. B. All of its documents are computerized. C. Facilities of the museum are restored. D. Workers are more creative

29、 than before. 2.Who sponsors the restoration of the American Family Immigration History Center? A. Families whose family histories are kept here. B. National Park Service in the United States. C. Local government and visitors to the Museum. D. The Statue of LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc.

30、 3.The word “kiosk” in the passage is most probably______. A. a museum assistant B.an advertisement C. a selfservice device D. a receptionist 4.In which part of a newspaper would this passage most probably be found? A. Science. B. Entertainment. C. Life. D. Travel. 【文章大意】本文主要介

31、紹了美國家庭移民歷史中心，數(shù)以億計的美國人可以在這里找到他們的家庭。 1.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“…h(huán)ave been computerized, making it easier than ever to discover your own family history.”可知，參觀者容易找到家庭歷史是因為所有的檔案都是電腦化的。 3.C 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“where you can enter ancestors names and see if their arrival records are included in the database

32、and are available in the History Center in the Museums West Wing.”可知，畫線詞指的是一種供參觀者查看數(shù)據(jù)庫中家庭歷史信息的自助服務(wù)設(shè)備。 4.D 【解析】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了美國家庭移民歷史中心，數(shù)以億計的美國人可以在這里找到他們的家庭，是關(guān)于移民話題的，因此最有可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的旅行版面中。 Ⅱ.七選五閱讀 How to Love Your Mondays I used to spend the second half of Sunday dreading Monday morning.　1　 But now I

33、am definitely in the “I Love Mondays” camp.Here’s what I’ve found that works: Start Monday morning with your Sunday night routine.When you get ready to exercise,you warm up first.　2　 Get everything you need for the morning ready to go.Then consider a special “Sunday Night Only” winding down ritual

34、(固定方式).It might be tea and a favorite TV show,or a long hot bath.Whatever it is,enjoy this Monday morning warm-up,and consider turning in a little earlier than you’re used to. 　3　 Turning in a little early Sunday night can help with getting up a little early Monday morning.When you have a little ex

35、tra time in the morning,you can gently settle into the day and keep that weekend feeling of ease as you start your new week. Find a theme for the week.Every Monday,I post an inspiring quote or saying on the wall.These are intentional!Each week,as part of my Sunday night winding down time,I consider

36、 what I’d like to focus on in the coming week,and look for a quote that’s a good fit to reinforce (加強) it.　4　 Look at the week’s tasks as opportunities instead of problems.What are you excited about for the new week?　5　 What’s been hanging over your head undone from last week?Take a look at the wee

37、k ahead and highlight a few things that you can reasonably accomplish. When you are intentionally creating a life you love,Mondays begin to feel like a beautiful new start! A.Get up early enough to start slowly. B.What a waste of a perfectly good evening! C.What problem-solving opportunities do

38、you have? D.Consider Sunday nights your warm-up for Monday. E.Have them in clean,working order and a convenient location. F.It can be a word or whatever inspires you for the week ahead. G.The work is the same either way,but our attitudes are within our control. Ⅲ.書面表達 (2016石家莊一模) 假定你是李華,計劃本周末

39、和同學(xué)一起去河邊植樹。請給外教Nancy寫一封郵件,邀請她一同前往。內(nèi)容包括: 1.集合時間及地點; 2.活動安排及提醒; 3.午餐及返程時間。 注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右; 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。 Dear Nancy, Yours, Li Hua 考點規(guī)范練(選修8　Unit 1) Ⅰ.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章以佛羅倫薩為例介紹了15世紀(jì)時意大利的城邦。 1.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的independent states及“Most states had their own government,laws an

40、d money.”可知,各個城邦相互獨立、各自為政。 2.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的great competition,regular wars及“The city states also competed with each other to build the grandest or tallest buildings.”可以看出,各個城邦互相敵視、充滿競爭。 3.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容不難看出,美第奇家族修建圖書館、大興土木,對佛羅倫薩的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻。 4.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“They spent money on renovating old

41、buildings and putting up new ones.They built a splendid palace and employed painters and sculptors to decorate it...”可推測,因為美第奇家族大興土木,所以需要大量藝術(shù)家對建筑物進行裝飾。 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇旅游指南,主要介紹了Adventureland的幾處景點。 5.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Explore places you have never been to before,and experience different ways of life.”可知,

42、The Travel Pavilion建立的目的是幫助參觀者了解世界上不同的地方。故選C項。 6.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“This exhibition shows how progress will touch our lives.It allows us to look into the future and explore the cities of the next century and the way we’ll be living then.”可知,如果你想了解未來人們的生活,可以參觀未來塔,故選B項。 7.D　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...need some

43、postcards and stamps?For all these things and many more,visit our underground shopping center.”可知,想得到一個玩具獅子,你可能要到The Pyramid,那里有地下購物中心,故選D項。 Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章給出了四點建議幫助讀者愛上周一。 1.B　B項與上文的“I used to spend the second half of Sunday dreading Monday morning.”相呼應(yīng)。 2.D　D項與上文的“When you get ready to exerci

44、se,you warm up first.”相呼應(yīng),且下文的“Get everything you need for the morning ready to go...a long hot bath.”是對D項的具體說明。 3.A　A項與下文的“can help with getting up a little early Monday morning”及“...gently settle into the day and keep that weekend feeling of ease as you start your new week.”相呼應(yīng)。 4.F　F項是對上文的an in

45、spiring quote or saying的舉例說明。 5.C　C項與本段小標(biāo)題“Look at the week’s tasks as opportunities instead of problems.”相呼應(yīng),且與空前和空后的句子是并列關(guān)系,舉例說明如何積極看待未來一周的工作任務(wù)。 Ⅲ.Dear Nancy, My classmates and I are planning to plant trees by the river this weekend.We all hope you can join us.Here is the schedule. We are to m

46、eet at the school gate at 8 o’clock this Saturday morning.Since we’ll cycle there and work in the fields,you’d better wear casual clothes and comfortable shoes.It would be so much better if you could bring some necessary tools.Besides,we’ll have a picnic after the work is done.Everyone is expected t

47、o bring their lunch and share it.We may return at around 3 o’clock in the afternoon. Would you like to join us?Hope to see you then. Yours, Li Hua 6EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F3756EDBC3191F2351DD815FF33D4435F375