反義疑問(wèn)句 (2)

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1、反意疑問(wèn)句 反意疑問(wèn)句用法說(shuō)明 ◇注意： 反意疑問(wèn)句前后兩部分謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)是，“肯定陳述＋否定疑問(wèn)”或“否定陳述＋肯定疑問(wèn)” 簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句如果是否定式，not應(yīng)與be，do，will等系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞縮寫(xiě) 簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)不用名詞，應(yīng)用人稱(chēng)代詞 當(dāng)說(shuō)話(huà)者的目的不在疑問(wèn)，而是為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，用降調(diào) 當(dāng)說(shuō)話(huà)者的目的在疑問(wèn)，則用升調(diào) 1) 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I，疑問(wèn)部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister，arent I? （我和你姐姐一樣高，對(duì)嗎？） 2) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish，疑問(wèn)部分要用may +

2、主語(yǔ)。 I wish to have a word with you, may I? （我希望可以和你說(shuō)話(huà)，可以嗎？） 3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。 The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (開(kāi)花), do they ? 4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問(wèn)句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問(wèn)部分用shouldnt / ough

3、tnt +主語(yǔ)。正式文體用should/ought +主語(yǔ)+not形式。 He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問(wèn)部分常用dont +主語(yǔ)（didnt +主語(yǔ)）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? 6) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didnt +主語(yǔ)或 usednt +主語(yǔ)。 He used to take pictures there, d

4、idnt he? / usednt he? 7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? 8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問(wèn)部分多用 wouldnt +主語(yǔ)。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 9) 陳述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑問(wèn)部分用wouldnt +主語(yǔ)。 Youd like to go with me,

5、wouldnt you? 10) 陳述部分有must 的疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。 A．must表示“應(yīng)該”，其疑問(wèn)部分用mustnt（不應(yīng)該），如： You must work hard next term, mustnt you ? 下學(xué)期你應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)，對(duì)嗎？ B．must表示“必須”，其疑問(wèn)部分用neednt（不必），如： They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他們今天必須要完成這項(xiàng)工作，是嗎？ C．陳述部分含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞mustnt，表示禁止時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分就可以用must或may，如：

6、 You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? (may we?)你不能把車(chē)停在這地方，知道嗎？ D．must表示推測(cè) ，其疑問(wèn)部分必須與must 后面的主要?jiǎng)釉~相呼應(yīng)。如： ①對(duì)現(xiàn)在動(dòng)作或存在的情況的推測(cè) ： You must know the answer to the exercise, dont you? 你一定知道這項(xiàng)練習(xí)的答案，是不是？ That must be your bed, isnt it? 那一定是你的床，是嗎？ ②對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的情況的推測(cè)： a 表示肯定推測(cè)

7、（一）句中陳述部分沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)疑問(wèn)部分中的動(dòng)詞就用 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。（haven’t / hasn’t + 主語(yǔ)） You must have told her about it, haven’t you? 你一定把這事告訴她了，是嗎？ （二）陳述部分有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，疑問(wèn)部分的動(dòng)詞就用 一般過(guò)去時(shí)。（didn’t + 主語(yǔ)） She must have read the novel last week, didn’t she? 她上星期一定讀了這本小說(shuō)了，是嗎？ b 表示否定推測(cè) 表示推測(cè)時(shí)，否定式通常不是must not，而是c

8、ant (cannot).如： He cant have been to your home; he doesnt know your address, does he? 他不可能去過(guò)你家；他不知道你的地址，是不是？ 11) 感嘆句中，疑問(wèn)部分用be +主語(yǔ)。 What colours, arent they? What a smell, isnt it? 12) 陳述部分由neither… nor, either… or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are w

9、e? 13) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。 Everything is ready, isnt it? 14) 陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句? a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。 Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he? b. 帶有定語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂

10、語(yǔ)而定： He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he? c. 上述部分主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。 I dont think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, cant she? 但此時(shí)主語(yǔ)必須是第一人稱(chēng) 如果不是則不能否定從句

11、 如 He thought they were wrong,didnt he? 而不能說(shuō)werent they? 15) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he. Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (does he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 16) 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分常用 need (dare ) +主語(yǔ)。

12、 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you/he? 當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do + 主語(yǔ)。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 17) 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。 Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you ? 注意： Lets 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we（或用sha

13、nt we) ? Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you（或wont you）? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shant we)? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或wont you）? 18) 陳述部分是"there be"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。 There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there? There will not be any t

14、rouble, will there? 19) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible, isnt it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 20)當(dāng)主句是由so引起的一個(gè)句子，而且譯為“這么說(shuō)來(lái)”時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的謂語(yǔ)形式（肯定或否定）應(yīng)與主句保持一致。 So you have seen the film, have you? So he has not been to Beijing ,hasnt he? 『補(bǔ)：Lets和Let us的區(qū)別』 ◇

15、1.Lets是Let us的縮寫(xiě)。包括說(shuō)話(huà)人和聽(tīng)話(huà)人雙方在內(nèi)，含有催促、建議或請(qǐng)對(duì)方一起行動(dòng)的意思。在聽(tīng)話(huà)人表示贊同建議時(shí)可只用Lets.如： ---Shall we go by train？ ---Yes，lets. ◇2.當(dāng)請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許自己（第一人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)）做某事時(shí)，要用Let us，這里的 us 不包括聽(tīng)話(huà)對(duì)方在內(nèi)，不能縮寫(xiě)為L(zhǎng)ets. 如兩個(gè)同學(xué)對(duì)老師說(shuō)： Please let us remove the bookshelf for you. 讓我倆給你移動(dòng)一下書(shū)架。 ◇3.兩者在構(gòu)成附加疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，方法不同。如： Lets go to se

16、e the film,shall we ? 咱們?nèi)タ措娪?，好嗎? Let us go to see the film,will you? 讓我們?nèi)タ措娪埃脝幔? 2．當(dāng)陳述句是表示存在的句子時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句用there 作形式主語(yǔ)。例如: There isn’t a book on the table, is there? There’s something wrong, isn’t there? There won’t be any trouble, will there? 3．如果陳述句中包含有如下的否定或半否定詞, 如seldom, hardl

17、y, never, rarely,little, few, nowhere, nothing，則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句通常用肯定形式。但如果陳述句中僅包含有否定前綴，則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中用否定形式。例如： He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he? The rules are invariable, aren’t they? He seldom pays more attention to his pronunciation, does he? He hardly knows anything about computer, does he? Tom has lit

18、tle knowledge of how to spend money, does he? 4．陳述句中是I am時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句則用aren’t I。例如: I am an excellent English speaker, aren’t I? I am late, aren’t I ? 5．陳述句中是非限定人稱(chēng)代詞one時(shí)，正式文體中，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)為one，而非正式文體中用you。例如: One must be honest, mustn’t one? 6．含有賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句中，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句一般反映主句中主、謂之間的關(guān)系。但如果主句是I

19、think, I suppose, I believe, I suspect, I imagine 等時(shí)，則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句反映的是that從句中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系。例如： They agreed that the United States shouldn’t make a war on Iraq, didn’t they? I suppose (that) he is serious, isn’t he? 注意：否定詞移位的情況，如： I don’t suppose (that) he is serious, is he? 7．如果陳述句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是have (當(dāng)

20、“擁有”講時(shí)), 簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句可用have形式或用do形式。例如： You have a nice house, haven’t/don’t you? 但如果陳述句是否定形式時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中動(dòng)詞的選擇則由陳述句中的動(dòng)詞形式而定。例如： He hasn’t a house of his own, has he? He doesn’t have a house of his own, does he? 如果陳述句中的動(dòng)詞 have 表示“經(jīng)歷，遭受，得到，吃”的意思時(shí)，則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句中的動(dòng)詞用 do的形式。例如： You often have headaches, do

21、n’t you? 8．當(dāng)陳述句的動(dòng)詞是ought to時(shí)，英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句用ought，而美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中則用should。 9．陳述句中的動(dòng)詞是used to時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句可用used 的形式或did的形式。例如: The Smiths used to live in the countryside, usedn’t / didn’t they? He didn’t use/used to tell lies, did he? 10.陳述句中動(dòng)詞為needn’t時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句通常用 need。例如: You needn’t do it if you don’t w

22、ant to, need you? You needn’t have told him the news, need you? 11.陳述句中must后動(dòng)詞的類(lèi)屬和時(shí)態(tài)不同，反意疑問(wèn)句也不同。例如: The food must be good, isn’t it? You must have read the book last month, didnt you? You must see the doctor, needn’t you?（must表必要性，故用needn’t） You mustn’t do that again, must you?(mus

23、t表示“不可以”） 12.當(dāng)陳述部分是一祈使句時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句則通常為 won’t you, would you, can you, can’t you, could you等，使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣。如果陳述部分的祈使句中含有第 一人稱(chēng)時(shí)，如Let’s do something, 則簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句為 shall we?例如: Do sit down, won’t you? Shut up, can you? 在否定的祈使句后， 只能用will you。例如: Don’t forget, will you? 13.當(dāng)遇到賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)候.一般反主句.但是以 I thi

24、nk I believe. Isuppose ....開(kāi)頭的反從句 1.Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, __________? (A) dont they (B) didnt they (C) did they (D) do they 2. --Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you? --_________. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World. (A) Yes, I have (B) No, I havent

25、(C) Certainly, I have (D) Of course, I havent 3. His sister had a bad cough, ________ she? (A) wasnt (B) doesnt (C) hadnt (D) didnt 4. John can hardly understand any Chinese, _______ he? (A) cant (B) doesnt (C) can (D) does 5. Dont smoke in the meeting room, ________? (A) do you (B) will yo

26、u (C) can you (D) could you 6. Lucy, you clean the blackboard today, ________? (A) do you (B) did you (C) will you (D) can you 7. Miss Cheng will never forget her first visit to Canada, _______? (A) will she (B) wont she (C) isnt she (D) wasnt she 8. The lady couldnt say a word when she saw t

27、he snake, ________? (A) could the lady (B) couldnt the lady (C) could she (D) couldnt she 9. Tina is unhappy now, _________? (A) isnt she (B) is she (C) is he (D) did she 10. My uncle has never been to a foreign country, _________? (A) has he (B) does he (C) hasnt he (D) doesnt h 11. There

28、is some water in that bottle, isnt _________? (A) there (B) it (C) that (D) those 12. --Lets go and play football, _______? --Thats wonderful. (A) will you (B) do you (C) wont you (D) shall we 13. --The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister, ________? -- Yes, because his

29、mother has gone shopping. (A) does he (B) is he (C) doesnt he (D) hasnt he 14. --You wont follow his example, will you? --_______, I dont think he is right. (A) No, I wont (B) Yes, I will (C) No, I will (D) Yes, I wont 15. What about Sally? Shes done her best these days, _________? (A) hasn

30、t she (B) isnt Sally (C) hasnt Sally (D) isnt she 16. Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it, _________? (A) arent they (B) are they (C) isnt it (D) is it 17. Peter hardly had time for concerts at that time, ________? (A) wasnt he (B) was he (C) didnt he (D) did he 18

31、. --There is some soup on the table, isnt _______? --No, I think thats water. (A) there (B) it (C) that (D) one 19. --It looks like rain, doesnt it? --_________. And I forgot my raincoat. (A) No, it isnt (B) Yes, it is (C) No, it doesnt (D) Yes, it does 20.--Havent you ever studeid with a group? --__________. Ive learned a lot that way. Yes, I have (B) No, I havent (C) Yes, I did (D) No, I didnt