中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)之復(fù)合句 1 (賓語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句)

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1、中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)之復(fù)合句(-) 初中階段常見(jiàn)的復(fù)合句包括賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句。 一、賓語(yǔ)從句 在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)成分的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。 ◆引導(dǎo)詞 作賓語(yǔ)從句的句子 引導(dǎo)詞 陳述句: that +主+謂+賓 一般疑問(wèn)句: if / whether+主+謂+賓 Sam asked me, “Do you often ride a bike? Sam asked me if I often rode a bike. 特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+主+謂+賓: He asked h

2、is teacher how he could play the violin well. I don’t know what I should do with the letter. 簡(jiǎn)單句:疑問(wèn)詞+to do： 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài): 主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可以根據(jù)需要的任意時(shí)態(tài). 主句一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句是過(guò)去時(shí). 主句一般過(guò)去時(shí), 客觀真理,自然現(xiàn)象用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí). 【練習(xí)導(dǎo)航】 Ⅰ. 單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. He asked which film they _____ about. A. will talk

3、 B. are going to talk C. was going to talk D. were talking ( )2. Do you know _____ bike this is? A. that B. who C. why D. whose ( )3. Polly said no news _____ good news. A. was B. were C. is D. are ( )4. We didn’t know ____

4、_ she was ready or not. A. when B. that C. whether D. what ( )5. —What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting? —He said that I _____ better. A. can do B. am C. will do D. could do ( )6. —I want to know when _____ have a field trip.

5、—We’ll have it when all the work _____. A. you are; will finish B. you will; finishes C. you will; is finished D. you; finish ( )7. —Could you tell me when _____? —At 10:25, in ten minutes. A. the bus will leave B. will the bus leave C. the bus has left D. had the

6、 bus left ( )8. －Do you know ______ he’ll arrive here at 9:00 this morning? －I’m afraid he’ll be late. A. that B. how C. why D. whether ( )9. —Could you tell me _____? —She is a student in Eton School. A. where Kate is studying B. how Kate was studying C. why Kate was

7、studying D. when Kate studied ( )10. —Do you know _____ going to stay in London? —No, I don’t. Maybe a few days. A. when he is B. how long he is C. when is he D. how long is he Ⅱ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 11. He asked his teacher how he could play the violin well. (改為簡(jiǎn)單句) He

8、 asked his teacher _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 12. Sam asked me, “Do you often ride a bike?” (改為復(fù)合句) Sam asked me _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 13. I don’t know what I should do with the letter. (改為簡(jiǎn)單句) I don’t know what _____ _____ with the letter. 14. “Does light travel faste

9、r than sound?” Tom asked. (改為復(fù)合句) Tom asked _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 15. She doesn’t know how she gets to the bank. (改為簡(jiǎn)單句) She doesn’t know how _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. Ⅲ. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 16. I don’t think the watch will _____ (mend) well in 2 days. 17. She said that the s

10、un _____ (be) brighter than the moon. 18. I will take back what I _____ (say). 19. I wanted to know if he _____ (can) mend the car. 20. She said that she _____ (go) fishing last Sunday. 21. She told me that they _____ (talk) about a new book at this time yesterday. 22. I’m sure everything _

11、____ (go) well. 23. I hope that I _____ (visit) Beijing soon. 24. I hear that Tom _____ (be) here for a week. 25. Tom told his boss that he _____ (finish) the work well if he _____ (give) another chance. 二、定語(yǔ)從句 在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞，并充當(dāng)其定語(yǔ)的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。 被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞。 定語(yǔ)從句常放在先行詞的后面，由關(guān)系代詞who, w

12、hom, whose, which, that和關(guān)系副詞when, where, why等引導(dǎo)。 定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)變化與先行詞有關(guān)。 （二）、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 1.who/that/whom指人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主語(yǔ)) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做賓語(yǔ)) Mr. Liu is the person (who/whom) you talked about.

13、 注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who代替，可省略。 3. which/that指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略 (1) Football is a game which/ that is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語(yǔ)) (2) This is the pen (which/that) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語(yǔ)) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)“誰(shuí)的”。 (1) He has a friend whose fat

14、her is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. （二）、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句在劇中做狀語(yǔ)。 關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介詞同先行詞搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介詞同先行詞搭配) 1. where指

15、地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)表示地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句。 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. Shanghai is the city in which I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. The house in which I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 2. when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間。在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可做連接

16、詞用 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came. [注]表示時(shí)間“time"一詞的定語(yǔ)從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)。 I still remember the first time I met her. 我仍然記得我第一次見(jiàn)到她。 3. why指原因 在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ) (1) Please tell me the reason why y

17、ou missed the plane. 特別注意關(guān)系詞在從句中做什么成分，或者說(shuō)從句缺少什么成分。 1. I will never forget the days__________we work together. 2. I will never forget the days__________we spent together. ( spend time ) 3. I went to the place______ I worked ten years ago. 4. I went to the place______ I visited ten years ago.

18、 5. I went to the place in ______ I lived ten years ago. 6. This is the reason ___he was late. 7. This is the reason ______he gave. 8. This is the school ________he studied at 20 years ago. 9. This is the school ________he studied 20 years ago. 注意: 關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況: a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾,或本身是序

19、數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí),只能用that.例如: He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個(gè)通過(guò)考試的人。 b.被修飾的先行詞為all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代詞時(shí),只能用that,而不用which.例如: Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么東西要買(mǎi)嗎? c.先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the

20、last, little, few 等詞修飾時(shí),只能用tha.例如: This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車(chē)。 d. 先行詞里同時(shí)含有人或物時(shí),只能用that.例如: I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個(gè)房間所見(jiàn)到的人和一些照片。 e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,為避免重復(fù).例如: Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)?

21、 f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu),修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句用that.例如: There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書(shū)是湯姆的。 關(guān)系詞只能用which,而不用that 的情況: a.先行詞為that, those時(shí),用which, 而不用that.例如: What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么? b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí),一般用which,而不用that.例如: This is the room in which he

22、lives. 這是他居住的房間。 c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用which, 而不用that.例如: Tom came back, which made us happy. 湯姆回來(lái)了,這使我們很高興。 【練習(xí)導(dǎo)航】 Ⅰ. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成下列英語(yǔ)句子，每空一詞。 1. 這就是那個(gè)幫助過(guò)我的人。 This is the man _______ _______ me. 2. 你在尋找的醫(yī)生在房間里。 The doctor _______ you are looking for _______ in the room. 3. 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)名叫李萍的女士嗎？ Do y

23、ou know the lady _______ name _______ Li Ping? 4. 我收到的那封信是我父親寫(xiě)來(lái)的。 The letter _______ I received _______ from my father. 5. 你還有什么要說(shuō)的嗎？ Is there anything _______ you _______ to say? 6. 你還記得我們幾天前拜訪過(guò)的那個(gè)人嗎？ Do you still remember the man _______ _______ _______ a few days ago? 7. 那個(gè)在事故中斷了左臂的工人被送

24、進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。 The worker _______ left arm _______ _______ in the accident was sent to hospital. 8. 這就是我出生的地方。 This is _______ _______ _______ I was born. 9. 這是我看過(guò)的最好的小說(shuō)。 This is _______ _______ _______ _______ I have read. 10. 這是你第二次給我們講這個(gè)故事了。 This is your second time _______ _______ _______ us the

25、 story. Ⅱ. 單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )11. The boy _____ helped me yesterday is playing soccer with his friends. A. whom B. who C. which D. whose ( )12. The music _____ the U2 band played was very popular. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose ( )13. The girl _____ skirt is red is Tom’s sister. A

26、. who B. whom C. whose D. that ( )14. This is the best way _____ can help us earn lots of money. A. which B. who C. that D. when ( )15. Anyone ______ breaks the rules must be punished. A. whom B. whose C. which D. who ( )16. We talked the things and persons ___

27、___ we were interested in. A. that B. which C. who D. when ( )17. There is a girl ______ is waiting for you. A. whose B. which C. whom D. who ( )18. I’ll never forget the day _____ I first come here. A. when B. where C. why D. who ( )19. This is the roo

28、m ______ he lived last year. A. when B. where C. why D. which ( )20. That’s the reason _______ he was late for school. A. when B. where C. why D. which Ⅲ.將下列句子合并成為含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。 21. I remember everything. You did everything to help us. __________________________

29、_________________ 22. Look at the boy and his dog. They are running over there. ___________________________________________ 23. He is the man. He has done lots of things to help these homeless people. ____________________________________________ 24. This is the reason. We must value time. ____________________________________________ 25. He told me the date. He joined the music club.