國際貨物運(yùn)輸保險法

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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,Chapter Six,International Cargo Transportation and Insurance,國際貨物運(yùn)輸保險法,Contents,6.1 Introduction,6.2 Law of Cargo Transportation,6.3 Bills of Lading,6.4 Law of Cargo Insurance,6.1,國際貨物運(yùn)輸法,國際海上貨物運(yùn)輸法,(,海商法,),國際航空貨物

2、運(yùn)輸法,國際鐵路貨物運(yùn)輸法,國際多式聯(lián)運(yùn),海上事故及處理,6.2 Law of International Carriage of Goods by Sea(,海商法,),1681,年，法國,海事條例,1924,年，英國,海上貨物運(yùn)輸法,1893,年，美國,哈特法,1936,年，美國,海上貨物運(yùn)輸法,COGSA,1929,年，國民黨,海商法,、,船舶登記法,1992,年，中國,中華人民共和國海商法,海商法的統(tǒng)一規(guī)則,(P185-187),1924,，海牙規(guī)則,1968,，維斯比規(guī)則,1978,，漢堡規(guī)則,1980,，聯(lián)合國國際貨物多式聯(lián)運(yùn)公約,1910,年，船舶碰撞公約,關(guān)于船舶所有人責(zé)任限制

3、的國際公約,約克,-,安特衛(wèi)普規(guī)則,(,共同海損理賠規(guī)則,),2024/11/23,6,Contract of Shipment,Question:,Whats the meaning of“contract of shipment”?,A contract of shipment is,in writing,by which the owner of a ship or other vessel lets the whole or a part,to a merchant or other person for,the conveyance of goods,for,a certain am

4、ount of time or voyage,in consideration of the payment of,freight,.,Types of Contract of Shipment,There are two types of contract of shipment.A contract of shipment may take the form of,a charter party(,租船契約,),or,a bill of lading,.,Charter party,A charter party may be for a particular period,or for

5、a particular voyage.In the former it is called a,time charter party,and in the latter case it is called a,voyage charter party,.,Classifications of charter party,Voyage charter,Time charter,Demise or bareboat charter,Voyage charter,定程租船,In a voyage charter,the charterer hires the vessel for a single

6、 voyage,while,the vessels owner,provides the master,crew,bunkers and supplies.,The owner,and his crew,manage the vessel.,Time charter,定期租船,In a time charter,the vessel is hired for a specific amount of time.,The owner,manages the vessel but,the charterer,selects the ports of destination and controls

7、 the operation of the ship.,光船租船,Bareboat charter,The charterer,takes full control,of the vessel along with the legal and financial responsibility for it,including the crewing the maintenance of the ship during the time of the charter.,案例：青島遠(yuǎn)洋公司航次租船合同糾紛案,原告大洋與被告青島約定，由船舶所有人的,“,北門,”,將租船人的鐵礦石自巴西運(yùn)往中國，未簽

8、署租船合同。該裝貨港為巴西古埃巴港,(,有內(nèi)錨地及外錨地,),。,2005,年,11,月,17,日,船長在外錨地遞交裝貨準(zhǔn)備就緒通知書，盡管當(dāng)時的內(nèi)錨地可以使用，但因費(fèi)用比較高，所以船長選擇了外錨地拋錨。港口泊位緊張，船舶,27,日才靠泊裝貨。,29,日，船舶裝貨完。,雙方爭議的點,1.,具體的合同條款,。船舶人認(rèn)為，本次租船的基本前提是，不管船舶是否靠泊、是否在港均可遞交就緒通知。而租船人認(rèn)為，準(zhǔn)備就緒通知書只有在內(nèi)錨地不能使用的情況下，在外錨地遞交。,2.,無效就緒通知書的接受、放棄抗辯與禁止反悔問題,。船舶人認(rèn)為，由于其遞交的通知書已被港口接受，所以租船人不再具有抗辯權(quán)，不得反悔。租船人

9、則認(rèn)為，港口無權(quán)代表租船人。因此，不涉及放棄抗辯和禁止反悔的問題。,案件評論,1,、租船合同條款。有些當(dāng)事人不簽訂合同的最終文本，只簽訂一些零散的協(xié)議，或者在協(xié)議中只引用其他合同的條款，卻不說明一旦發(fā)生沖突哪些條款優(yōu)先適用，這將給案件的審理帶來了很大的困難。,2,、接受通知、放棄抗辯與禁止反悔。租船人了解就緒通知遞交的過程，為了保護(hù)其利益不受損害，在這個過程他隨時可以干預(yù)，以免給船舶所有人造成虛假的印象。航運(yùn)界的做法也是如此。,6.3 Bills of lading(P189),As evidence of the contract of carriage,As a receipt of go

10、ods received,As a document of title to goods,6.3.2 The Carriers Obligations(P196),Seaworthiness of the ship,Management of the goods,Commencement of voyage,Non-deviation of voyage,Dangerous goods not be shipped,承運(yùn)人應(yīng)盡義務(wù),船舶的適航性,盡職、適時謹(jǐn)慎地裝載、搬運(yùn)、積載、運(yùn)送、保管、照料和卸下所載貨物,承運(yùn)人應(yīng)按約定的或地理上的航線將貨物運(yùn)往卸貨港,不刻意繞道,不運(yùn)輸危險貨物,Seaw

11、orthiness,Seaworthiness is a term meaning that the ship is fit to undertake the particular voyage and to carry the particular cargo.,2024/11/23,21,Question:,Whats the meaning of seaworthiness?,Two meanings of seaworthiness,the ship is reasonably fir to encounter the“perils of the sea”;,the carrier s

12、hall properly man,equip and supply the ship and make all the ship fit and safe for the carriage and preservation.,2024/11/23,23,Question:,What if the cargo owners want to file a claim for the ships seaworthiness?,If the cargo owner has damages because of the seaworthiness,he needs to show the ship w

13、as unseaworthy and,there was a causal link between it and the loss or damage,.,6.4 Law of International Cargo Insurance(P203),Question:,Whats the meaning of a policy insurance?,A policy of insurance is a contract under which one party(the insurer)agrees,in return for a consideration,to indemnify ano

14、ther(the insured)for loss suffered as a result of the occurance of a specified event.,Related terms,Insurer,保險人,Assured,被保險人,Insurable interest,可保利益,Premium,保險費(fèi),Types of insurance policy,Valued policy,定值保單,Voyage policy and time policy,Floating policy,流動保單,Open policy,預(yù)約保單,Valued policy,Valued polic

15、y means that,the insurer pays a specified amount,irrespective of the extent of loss and without making any allowance for appreciation or depreciation.,定值保單,：確定貨物保險額。,不定值保單,：在貨物,到達(dá)目的地時估算保險額。,Voyage policy and Time policy,Voyage policy,covers risks arising during an entire transit period irrespective

16、of how long it takes.,Time policy,covers risks arising during specified period,e.g.three months,six months or one year.,Floating policy,流動保險單是指對一定期限內(nèi)（一般,1,年）陸續(xù)分批出運(yùn)的貨物所訂立的一種保險合同。,流動保險單適用于包銷合同形式的貿(mào)易和定期發(fā)運(yùn)的貨物保險。,Open policy,Open policy,is an insurance policy in which the insurer agrees to cover any voyage undertaken by the policyholders vessel or any cargo shipped by a particular shipper.,預(yù)約保險單是保險人承保被保險人在一定時期內(nèi)發(fā)運(yùn)的，以,CIF,價格條件成交的出口貨物或以,FOB,價格條件成交的進(jìn)口貨物的保險單。,