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第 V 頁
鞍山科技大學本科生畢業(yè)設計（論文）
雙輥驅動五輥冷軋機的設計
摘 要
冷軋鋼板和帶鋼近年來得到較大的發(fā)展，自二十世紀八十年代開始出現(xiàn)了全連續(xù)冷軋機，這種軋機只要第一架引料后，可實現(xiàn)連續(xù)軋制。全連續(xù)冷連軋機可以提高生產率30~50%，產品質量和成材率也得到很大提高。隨著工業(yè)生產的發(fā)展，對極薄帶材要求增加特別是微電子工業(yè)對極薄帶材要求更高。而軋制薄帶要求軋輥直徑更小。
本設計針對某廠冷軋生產線中的主體設備軋機進行了改進設計，又原來的四輥改為五輥，對改進后的軋輥及機架等主要零件進行了強度校核。
在設計中，首先對設計軋機的方案進行了選擇和評述，然后計算了軋制時所需要的力和力矩，從而確定了主電機的容量，并對電機進行了校核。計算了軋輥尺寸并校核了它的強度。本設計還計算了壓下系統(tǒng)：壓下螺絲的主要參數(shù)、其傳動力矩及換算到電機上的靜力矩，確定了壓下螺母的尺寸并對壓下螺母進行了校核。對機架的尺寸、應力進行了計算及其強度的校核。對聯(lián)接軸也進行了計算，分析計算了扁頭，并對其進行了強度的計算
在最后，對整個軋機的潤滑方法、試車方法和對控制系統(tǒng)進行了評述，并對其進行了經濟效益分析。
經過計算和校核，改進后的軋機滿足工藝要求，改進的五輥軋機結構合理。
關鍵詞：冷軋 軋機 多輥軋機
Abstract
Cold rolling steel plate and the hoop obtained the big development in recent years, started from 1980s to appear the entire continual cold-rolling mill, after so long as this kind of rolling mill first directed the material, might realize the continual rolling. All continuously the cold company rolling mill may enhance productivity 30~50%, the product quality and becomes a useful adult rate also obtains the very big enhancement. Along with the industrial production development, the antipode thin strip request increases is specially the micro electron industry antipode thin strip request is higher. But the rolling thin belt requests the roller diameter to be smaller.
This design has carried on the improvement design in view of some factory cold rolling production line in main body equipment rolling mill, also the original four rollers change five rollers, to improved after the roller and the rack and so on the major parts has carried on the intensity examination.
In the design, first to designed the rolling mill the plan to carry on the choice and the narration, then has calculated when the rolling needed strength and moment of force, thus had determined the host electrical machinery capacity, and has carried on the examination to the electrical machinery. This design also systematically calculated depress the system: The housing pin main parameter, its driving moment and convert on the electrical machinery the static torque, had determined depress the nut the size and to depress the nut to carry on the examination. To the rack size, the stress have carried on the computation and the intensity examination. The antithetical couplet coupling spindle also carried on the computation, the analysis has calculated the flat head, and has carried on the intensity computation to it
In finally, to the entire rolling mill lubrication method, the test run method and has carried on the narration to the control system, and has carried on the economic efficiency analysis to it.
After the computation and the examination, after the improvement rolling mill satisfies the technological requirement, the improvement five roller structure is reasonable.
Key word: Cold rolling rolling mill cluster mills
目 錄
1 緒論………………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 選題的背景和目的…………………………………………………………………1
1.2 冷軋板在國民經濟發(fā)展中的作用…………………………………………………1
1.3 冷軋機國內外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和趨勢…………………………………………………2
1.4 五輥軋機研究內容和方法…………………………………………………………4
1.4.1冷軋機在車間的布置和作用………………………………………………4
1.4.2 冷軋機的生產工藝…………………………………………………………4
1.4.3 五輥冷軋機的研究和方法…………………………………………………4
2 方案的選擇與評述…………………………………………………………………………5
2.1方案的選擇…………………………………………………………………………5
2.1.1 工作輥驅動方案……………………………………………………………5
2.1.2 支承輥驅動方案……………………………………………………………5
2.1.3 工作輥單輥驅動方案………………………………………………………6
2.1.4 支承輥單輥驅動方案………………………………………………………6
2.2方案評述……………………………………………………………………………7
3 軋機主電機容量的選擇……………………………………………………………………8
3.1軋制力的計算………………………………………………………………………8
3.1.1 軋制規(guī)程……………………………………………………………………8
3.1.2 軋輥主要尺寸的選擇………………………………………………………8
3.1.3 軋制力的計算………………………………………………………………10
3.2軋制力矩的計算……………………………………………………………………15
3.3主電機容量的選擇…………………………………………………………………24
3.3.1初選電機容量………………………………………………………………24
3.3.2 主電機軸上的力矩…………………………………………………………26
3.3.3 電機負載圖…………………………………………………………………28
3.3.4 電機校核……………………………………………………………………30
4 軋輥的計算………………………………………………………………………………32
4.1軋輥的接觸強度計算………………………………………………………………32
4.1.1 校核壓應力…………………………………………………………………32
4.1.2切應力校核…………………………………………………………………33
4.2支承輥計算…………………………………………………………………………33
4.3支承輥變形計算……………………………………………………………………35
5 軋輥的調整機構…………………………………………………………………………39
5.1軋輥調整裝置的作用和類型………………………………………………………39
5.1.1軋輥調整的的作用包括以下方面…………………………………………39
5.1.2調整裝置根據各類軋機工藝要求…………………………………………39
5.2壓下系統(tǒng)的計算……………………………………………………………………40
5.2.1壓下螺絲的主要參數(shù)………………………………………………………40
5.2.2壓下螺絲的傳動力矩………………………………………………………41
5.2.3換算到電機軸上的靜力矩…………………………………………………42
5.2.4電機校核……………………………………………………………………44
5.2.5壓下螺母主要尺寸的確定…………………………………………………44
5.2.6壓下螺母的校核……………………………………………………………44
5.3上軋輥平衡裝置……………………………………………………………………45
5.3.1上軋輥平衡裝置的作用與特點……………………………………………45
5.3.2上軋輥平衡力的確定………………………………………………………46
6 機架計算…………………………………………………………………………………48
6.1機架的強度計算……………………………………………………………………48
6.1.1為了簡化計算作以下假設…………………………………………………48
6.1.2機架簡圖及受力圖…………………………………………………………48
6.1.3強度計算……………………………………………………………………49
6.1.4機架的參數(shù)…………………………………………………………………51
6.1.5機架應力的計算……………………………………………………………52
6.1.6機架應力圖…………………………………………………………………53
6.1.7強度校核……………………………………………………………………54
6.2機架的變形計算……………………………………………………………………54
7 聯(lián)接軸的計算……………………………………………………………………………57
7.1扁頭的計算…………………………………………………………………………57
7.1.1滑塊式萬向接軸主要尺寸的確定…………………………………………57
7.1.2開口式扁頭受力分析………………………………………………………57
7.1.3強度計算……………………………………………………………………58
7.2 扁頭的計算…………………………………………………………………………59
7.2.1強度計算……………………………………………………………………60
8 設備可靠性經濟評價……………………………………………………………………62
8.1機械設備有效度……………………………………………………………………62
8.2 投資回收期………………………………………………………………………62
9 潤滑方法的選擇…………………………………………………………………………63
9.1軋輥軸承潤滑………………………………………………………………………63
9.2人字齒輪及支承軸承潤滑…………………………………………………………63
9.3軋輥冷卻……………………………………………………………………………63
10 試車方法和對控制系統(tǒng)的要求…………………………………………………………64
10.1試車要求…………………………………………………………………………64
10.2維護規(guī)程…………………………………………………………………………64
結論…………………………………………………………………………………………65
致謝…………………………………………………………………………………………66
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………………67
附錄…………………………………………………………………………………………68