湖北省2014高考英語 專項訓練 閱讀理解37

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1、2014高考英語沖刺閱讀理解專項 50-37 A American researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the body’s defense system against infection（感染）. Doctors at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, did the study. The team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. This chemi

2、cal is an amino acid（氨基酸）called L-theanine. The scientists say it may increase the strength of gamma delta T cells. That’s the letter T, not the drink. Gamma delta T cells are part of the body’s defenses. First, the researchers mixed some of these cells with antigens（抗原）found in the amino acid. Ant

3、igens help the body react to infection. Then the scientists added some bacteria（細菌）. Within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon, a substance that fights infection. Cells not mixed with the antigens did not produce interferon. In the second part of the study, eleven people dran

4、k five to six cups of black tea every day. Ten other people drank the same amount of instant coffee. That is dried coffee mixed with hot water. Two weeks later, and again two weeks after that, the researchers tested the blood of all twenty-one people. They also looked at what happened when they add

5、ed bacteria to the blood cells. They found that the tea drinkers produced five times more interferon after they started drinking tea. The coffee drinkers did not produce interferon. Doctor Jack Bukowski led the study. He says the antigens added to the gamma delta T cells were responsible for the in

6、creased reaction to the bacteria. He says the study also showed that the cells were able to remember the bacteria and fight them again the next time. Earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer. Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated with more

7、people. If the findings prove to be true, he says, then tea drinking might also help protect against bacterial infections. He says the amino acid L-theanine could be removed from tea and used as a drug to strengthen the body’s defenses. 1. We may know from the text that ________ can be found in dif

8、ferent kinds of tea. A. Gamma delta T cells B. L-theanine C. interferon D. bacteria 答案解析：答案為B。本題為推理題。由第一段 “The team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. This chemical is an amino acid called L-theanine.” 可知，在black, green, oolong and pekoe tea里面發(fā)現(xiàn)了叫做L-theanine的化學

9、成分。故答案為B。 2. Tea may help strengthen the body’s defense system because it helps ________. A. the body to produce more interferon B. the body to produce more gamma delta T cells C. to add some bacteria to the blood cells D. to mix antigens with some of the cells in the body 答案解析：答案為

10、A。本題為推理題。由第二段 “Within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon, a substance that fights infection.” 可知，細胞產(chǎn)生interferon，它可以抵抗感染，故可推斷，茶能增強身體的抵抗能力因為它能幫助身體產(chǎn)生更多的interferon。故答案為A。 3. According to Dr Bukowski, ________. A. the findings of the study have already proved to be true B. h

11、e has taken some amino acid L-theanine from tea and made a drug with it C. further study is needed to prove the findings true D. he is not sure whether tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer 答案解析：答案為C。本題為推理題。由最后一段首句 “Earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart dis

12、ease and cancer.” 可知，D選項錯誤。由該段的后文 “Doctor Bukowski says the new study must be repeated with more people. If the findings prove to be true…”可知，A選項錯誤，C選項正確。由最后一句 “He says the amino acid L-theanine could be removed from tea and used as a drug to strengthen the body’s defenses.” 可知，Dr Bukowski認為可以從茶中提取a

13、mino acid L-theanine來制藥，B選項與文意不符，故錯誤。 4. What would be the best title for this Text? A. Tea Is Better Than Coffee. B. Tea May Help Fight Infection C. Tea Can Help Prevent Cancer. D. Our Body Needs Tea 答案解析：答案為B。全文都是圍繞第一段首句 “American researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the bod

14、y’s defense system against infection.” 展開，故標題為B選項。 B Maybe you never opened that account, but someone else did ——someone who used your name and personal information to commit fraud（造假）. When an imposter uses your name, your credit card number, or some other piece of your personal information fo

15、r their own purpose –in short, when someone takes your personal information without your knowledge –it’s a crime, pure and simple. The biggest problem is that you may not know your identity（身份）has been stolen until you notice that something’s wrong: you may get bills for a credit card account you

16、never opened, your credit report may include debts you never knew you had, a billing cycle may pass without your receiving a statement, or you may see charges on your bills that you didn’t sign for, and even don’t know anything about. If someone has stolen your identity, the Federal Trade Commissi

17、on (FTC) suggests that you take three actions immediately. First, contact the fraud departments of each of the three major credit offices. Tell them to flag your file with a fraud alert（警告）including a statement that creditors should get your permission before opening any new accounts in your name.

18、 Then, ask the credit offices for copies of your credit reports. Credit offices must give you a free copy of your report if it is not correct because of fraud. Review your reports carefully to make sure no additional fraudulent accounts have been opened in your name or unauthorized（侵權的）changes mad

19、e to your present accounts. In a few months, order new copies of your reports to check your corrections and changes, and to make sure no new fraudulent activity has occurred. 1. What’s the subject discussed in the text? A. What you should do if your credit card is stolen. B. What you should

20、do if your identity is stolen. C. What an imposter always does to make money. D. What the Federal Trade Commission is about. 答案解析：答案為 B。本題考查文章的主旨大意。本文的前半部分引出身份信息被盜的問題，后面的重點是告訴讀者身份信息被盜后該如何做。故答案為B。 2. What should you do first when you find your identity is stolen? A. Inform creditors not t

21、o open any new accounts in your name without your permission. B. Ask for copies of your credit reports and make sure no other frauds have been made. C. Keep ordering new copies to check what you have already changed and corrected. D. Always lock your ID card in your cupboard in case it should

22、be stolen. 答案解析：答案為A。本題為推理題。由倒數(shù)第二段可知，當發(fā)現(xiàn)個人身份信息被盜后，首先要聯(lián)系防偽部門，讓他們關注你的資料，警告?zhèn)鶛嗳嗽谟媚愕拿珠_任何新的賬戶前應該得到你的允許。故答案為A。 3. What is the most difficult thing for people to deal with identity frauds? A. No measures can work on the billing cycle. B. There is no strict law for this kind of behaviors. C. It

23、might be a long time before you realize that. D. The FTC does nothing except for three suggestions. 答案解析：答案為C。本題為細節(jié)推理題。由文章第二段首句 “The biggest problem is that you may not know your identity has been stolen until you notice that something’s wrong…”可知，直到你注意出了問題后才知道身份信息被盜是最大的問題。故答案為C。 4. Which i

24、s the least possible if a fraud has happened to you? A. You may have debts in your credit card. B. You may find charges on your bills unauthorized. C. A new credit card may be opened in your name. D. The fraud departments can find out the imposter right away. 答案解析：答案為D。本題為推理題。由第二段冒號后面的內(nèi)容可知，身份信息被盜后，你的信用卡會負債，你會收到未經(jīng)授權的收費賬單，還會出現(xiàn)以你的名字新開的信用卡。文中未提及防偽部門可以馬上找到騙子，后文的措施也是在暗示找到騙子并不容易。故答案為D。