2016屆二輪復(fù)習(xí) 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 學(xué)案(江蘇專(zhuān)用)

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1、2016屆二輪復(fù)習(xí) 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 學(xué)案（江蘇專(zhuān)用）1【2014安徽卷】 The twins, who _ their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.Awill finish Bfinish Chave finished Dhad finished【答案】D考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，完成作業(yè)是在were allowed之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，屬于“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，應(yīng)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意：已完成作業(yè)的雙胞胎，被允許到操場(chǎng)上打羽毛球。故選D。2【2014北京卷】 Hi, lets go skating.Sorry, Im

2、 busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job.Afill Bhave filled Cam filling Dwill fill【答案】C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文可知，回答人“正忙著”，所以是“正在填寫(xiě)申請(qǐng)表格”，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，選C。3【2014北京卷】 What time is it?I have no idea.But just a minute，I _ it for you.Acheck Bchecked Cwill check Dwould check【答案】C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知說(shuō)話人不知道現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)，但是

3、“將去核實(shí)一下”，應(yīng)選一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選C。4【2014北京卷】 I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived.Astarted Bwas starting Cwould start Dhad started【答案】D考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，“我”不能跟上演講的原因是，“我”到達(dá)的時(shí)候演講已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了?！暗竭_(dá)”為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表述過(guò)去的動(dòng)作。“已經(jīng)開(kāi)始”表達(dá)過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選D。5 【2014全國(guó)大綱卷】 Unless some extra money _， the theatre will clo

4、se.A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found【答案】C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：除非找到一些額外的錢(qián)，否則劇院將會(huì)倒閉。根據(jù)主句的將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)可知，狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，因?yàn)閒ind和money之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。6 【2014全國(guó)大綱卷】 The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _ them since.A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen【答案】C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：那些報(bào)告2012年就丟失了，從那以后沒(méi)有人見(jiàn)過(guò)

5、它們。此題解題的關(guān)鍵詞是后面的since，此處意為“從那以后”，這是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。故選C。7【2014福建卷】 Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been?I went to Ningxia and _ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.Astayed Bstay Chad stayed Dam staying【答案】A 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：“很久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你了！你去哪里了？”“我去了寧夏，在那里支教了一年?！备鶕?jù)句意可知，stay的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。8【2014湖南卷】 S

6、ince the time humankind started gardening, we _ to make our environment more beautiful.A. try B. have been trying C. are trying D. will try【答案】B考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自人類(lèi)開(kāi)始園藝的時(shí)期起，我們就一直努力把我們的環(huán)境變得更加美好。根據(jù)since的提示可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，再根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，動(dòng)作try從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去，因此用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。9【2014湖南卷】 Whenever you_a present, you should th

7、ink about it from the receivers point of view.A. bought B. have bought C. will buy D. buy【答案】D考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：不管何時(shí)買(mǎi)禮物，你都應(yīng)該從禮物接收者的角度加以考慮。 根據(jù)主句中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可知“買(mǎi)”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái)，但是在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，不能用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，而要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。故選D。10【2014江蘇卷】 How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well, the m

8、edia _ it in a variety of forms.Acover Bwill cover Chave covered Dcovered【答案】C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：“你對(duì)于即將在南京召開(kāi)的青奧會(huì)知道多少？”“哦，媒體已經(jīng)以多種多樣的形式對(duì)其進(jìn)行了報(bào)道?！备鶕?jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。11 【2014江西卷】 Tony, why are your eyes red? I _ up peppers for the last five minutes.A. cut B. was cutting C. had cut D. have been

9、 cutting【答案】D考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：“托尼，為什么你的眼睛發(fā)紅？”“我在過(guò)去的五分鐘內(nèi)一直在剁辣椒?！备鶕?jù)for the last five minutes可知，此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。此題易誤選C項(xiàng)，誤以為動(dòng)作是在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”發(fā)生的。此句是指過(guò)去所做的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。12【2014山東卷】 Writing out all the invitations by hand was more timeconsuming than we_.Awill expect Bare expectingCexpect Dhad expected【答案】D考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：手寫(xiě)所有的請(qǐng)?zhí)?/p>

10、我們之前預(yù)想的更加耗時(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知，expect動(dòng)作發(fā)生在was之前，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選D。13【2014山東卷】 They made up their mind that they_ a new house once Larry changed jobs.Abought Bwould buy Chave bought Dhad bought【答案】B考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他們下定決心一旦拉里換了工作他們就會(huì)買(mǎi)一所新房子。that引導(dǎo)的從句的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，主句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，再由語(yǔ)境判斷從句用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。故選B。14 【2014陜西卷】 During his

11、stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends _A. would recommend B. had recommendedC. have recommended D. were recommending【答案】B考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。所填詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生在triedfoods這一動(dòng)作之前，即表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故選B。15 【2014四川卷】 She _ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.A. phoned B. had phoned C. was phoni

12、ng D. has phoned【答案】C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后一分句“我”只向她點(diǎn)了下頭可知她正在打電話，故使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：她正在和某人打電話，所以我向她點(diǎn)了下頭便走了。16 【2014天津卷】 We wont start the work until all the preparations _A. are being made B. will be madeC. have been made D. had been made【答案】C考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：直到所有的準(zhǔn)備工作都做完了，我們才開(kāi)始工作。根據(jù)主句中的關(guān)鍵詞wont start【不會(huì)開(kāi)始】是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，可知until

13、引導(dǎo)的從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。如無(wú)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動(dòng)作的完成性。17【2014浙江卷】 Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _ most of the guests before.Ahas seen Bhad seen Csaw Dwould see【答案】B考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：索菲亞看了看周?chē)械拿婵?，她印象中大部分客人她以前都是?jiàn)過(guò)的。根據(jù)句意知，此處see的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，同時(shí)由題眼before可知，該空應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，故選

14、B項(xiàng)。18【2014重慶卷】 Youd better write down her phone number before you _ it.A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget【答案】A考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。故選A。19 【2014重慶卷】 James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _ until yesterday.A. will come B. was coming C. had come D. came【答案】

15、B考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。該句中的didnt know與until連用決定了該空的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，即“昨天才知道James要來(lái)”。一般時(shí)【一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)】1【2013新課標(biāo)卷】If we_now to protect the environment，well live to regret it.Ahadnt actedBhavent actedCdont act Dwont act【解析】句意為：如果我們現(xiàn)在不采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境的話，將來(lái)我們會(huì)后悔的。本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。通常情況下，條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。再由now可知選C?！敬鸢浮緾2【2013安徽卷】Im ca

16、lling about the apartment you_the other day.Could you tell me more about it?Aadvertised Bhad advertised Care advertising Dwill advertise【解析】句意為：我打電話想問(wèn)問(wèn)你前些日子登廣告的公寓，你能詳細(xì)地給我說(shuō)說(shuō)嗎？從時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)the other day可知定語(yǔ)從句中是一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緼3【2013北京卷】Do you think Mom and Dad_late?No，Swiss Air is usually on time.Awere B will be C

17、would be Dhave been【解析】句意為：你認(rèn)為爸爸和媽媽會(huì)晚到嗎？不會(huì)的，瑞士航空一向準(zhǔn)時(shí)。本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，爸爸和媽媽的飛機(jī)還未到，因此空格處為一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，選擇B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緽進(jìn)行時(shí)【現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)】4【2013天津卷】The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers_one of the main pipes.Ahad repaired Bhave repaired Crepaired Dare repairing【解析】句意為：因?yàn)楣と藗冋谛蘩砥渲械囊粭l

18、主管道，所以供水系統(tǒng)臨時(shí)被切斷。本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知設(shè)空處表示現(xiàn)在的情況，故用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；B項(xiàng)表示已經(jīng)修完，不合邏輯，故被排除。D項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，即還沒(méi)完成，符合邏輯，故為答案?！敬鸢浮緿5【2013湖南卷】I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry.But I_my homework.Ahad done Bwas doing Cwould do Dam doing【解析】上句問(wèn)昨天下午沒(méi)去聽(tīng)講座的原因，下句應(yīng)是解釋沒(méi)參加講座的理由。表示當(dāng)時(shí)在做什

19、么，所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)。句意為：我不明白昨天下午你為什么沒(méi)去聽(tīng)講座。很抱歉?？晌耶?dāng)時(shí)一直在做作業(yè)。【答案】B6【2013江蘇卷】Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure.I_a report at home.Awill be writing Bwill have writtenChave written Dhave been writing【解析】句意為：明天上午我可以用一下你的車(chē)嗎？當(dāng)然可以。我【明天上午】將在家寫(xiě)報(bào)告。本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知是將要發(fā)生的事情，排除C和D項(xiàng)；寫(xiě)報(bào)告是明天上午這段時(shí)間將要做的事，所以用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，

20、故選A項(xiàng)。【答案】A完成時(shí)【現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)】7【2013山東卷】Oh no！Were too late.The train_.Thats OK.Well catch the next train to London.Awas leaving Bhad left Chas left Dhas been leaving【解析】句意為：哦！不！我們太晚了。 火車(chē)早開(kāi)走了。沒(méi)什么。我們會(huì)趕上下一列通往倫敦的火車(chē)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境不難看出，火車(chē)離開(kāi)發(fā)生在兩人對(duì)話之前，又根據(jù)too late可知，火車(chē)早已離站，故排除其他選項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緾8【2013浙江卷】During the last three dec

21、ades，the number of people participating in physical fitness programs_sharply.Awas increasing Bhas increased Chad increased Dwill be increasing【解析】根據(jù)本句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)during the last three decades在過(guò)去的三十年間，可知要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，因此選項(xiàng)B正確?！敬鸢浮緽完成進(jìn)行時(shí)【現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)】9【2013福建卷】The girl has a great interest in sport and_badmint

22、on classes twice a week over the last three years.Atook Bis taking Ctakes Dhas been taking【解析】句意為：那位女孩對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)很感興趣，過(guò)去三年里，她每周上兩次羽毛球課。本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。題干中的第一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞has說(shuō)明語(yǔ)境是現(xiàn)在，那么時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)over the last three years在此應(yīng)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)連用，故答案為D項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緿10【2011全國(guó)卷】When Alice came to，she did not know how long she_there.Ahad been lying Bh

23、as been lying Cwas lyingDhas lain【解析】句意為：當(dāng)艾麗斯醒來(lái)時(shí)，她不知道自己在那兒躺了多久。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則，可排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；由she did not know how long.可知應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?！敬鸢浮緼被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)11【2013北京卷】So what is the procedure?All the applicants_before a final decision is made by the authority.Ainterview Bare interviewingCare interviewed Dare being

24、interviewed【解析】句意為：那么，步驟是怎樣的？所有申請(qǐng)人要被面試后才能由專(zhuān)家做出最終的決定。本題考查動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。applicants和interview之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除A和B項(xiàng)；語(yǔ)境是在描述工作流程，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緾12【2013北京卷】 Shakespeares play Hamlet_into at least ten different films over the past years.Ahad been made Bwas made Chas been made Dwould be made【解析】句意為：在過(guò)去的數(shù)年，莎士比亞的戲劇哈姆雷特被制作成不下

25、十部不同的電影。本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。over the past years意為“在過(guò)去的數(shù)年”，通常情況下題干中出現(xiàn)over the past years，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故選擇C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮緾13【2013遼寧卷】We are confident that the environment_by our further efforts to reduce pollution.Ahad been improved Bwill be improvedCis improved Dwas improved【解析】句意為：我們相信，通過(guò)我們進(jìn)一步的努力去減少污染，環(huán)境將會(huì)得到改善。根據(jù)句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

26、詞的時(shí)態(tài)以及further efforts可判斷，此處應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緽1一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別要注意下面幾點(diǎn)【1】“點(diǎn)時(shí)間”還是“段時(shí)間”一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞連用【表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作】；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用【表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)】。抓時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是關(guān)鍵，判斷是時(shí)間點(diǎn)還是時(shí)間段?！?】是否對(duì)“現(xiàn)在”有影響一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)的狀態(tài)或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有什么聯(lián)系；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。【3】動(dòng)作是否“持續(xù)”過(guò)去時(shí)與一段時(shí)間連用表示動(dòng)作沒(méi)有持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一段時(shí)間連用表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在。結(jié)合句

27、意判斷動(dòng)作是否持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在是解題的根本所在。2現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別【1】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性和完成動(dòng)作的決心，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。【2】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)帶有感情色彩，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般是平鋪直敘。3過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法區(qū)別【1】一般過(guò)去時(shí)常表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或尚未完成?！?】一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作只做一次，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。4確定主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系是判定主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的關(guān)鍵一、一般時(shí)【一】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞【詞組】always，every tim

28、e，now and then，occasionally，often，seldom，sometimes，usually，every day/night等連用?！?013湖南高考】Around two oclock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat bothers us.每晚兩點(diǎn)左右，蘇就說(shuō)夢(mèng)話。這使我們有點(diǎn)煩心。2在以when，till/until，as soon as，by the time，after，before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句以及if，unless，once等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句和以no matter

29、，however，even if等詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。If it doesnt rain，well go on a picnic as planned.如果不下雨，我們將按計(jì)劃去野餐?！?012全國(guó)卷】“Life is like walking in the snow，” Granny used to say，“because every step shows.”祖母過(guò)去經(jīng)常說(shuō)：“人生就像在雪地里行走，因?yàn)槊恳徊蕉寄茱@現(xiàn)出來(lái)。”【二】一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)某刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如ye

30、sterday，last year，last night，the other day，just now，then，two days ago，in 1999，at that time 等。Long time no see！Havent you graduated from college?Yes.I studied English for four years in Nanjing.好久不見(jiàn)！你還沒(méi)大學(xué)畢業(yè)嗎？畢業(yè)了，我在南京學(xué)了四年英語(yǔ)?！?013重慶高考】I felt very tired when I got home，and I went straight to bed.我到家的時(shí)候感到

31、非常累，就直接上床睡覺(jué)了?！救恳话銓?lái)時(shí)1will/shall動(dòng)詞原形【2013湖南高考】“What do you want to be？” asked Mrs Crawford.“Oh，I will be president，”said the boy，with a smile.“你想成為什么樣的人？”克勞福德夫人問(wèn)。“哦，我要當(dāng)總統(tǒng)?！毙∧泻⑿χf(shuō)?！?012湖南高考】Close the door of fear behind you，and you will see the door of faith open before you.關(guān)上你身后的恐懼之門(mén)，你將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)信心之門(mén)在你面前敞開(kāi)

32、。2be going to動(dòng)詞原形表示打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做的事或肯定要發(fā)生的事。表示說(shuō)話人根據(jù)已有的事實(shí)或跡象，認(rèn)為某事即將發(fā)生。Look at the cloud.Its going to rain.瞧那烏云，天要下雨了。3“be about to動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算或根據(jù)安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。它不與表示具體時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用但可以與when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。I was about to go out when it began to rain.我正要外出這時(shí)開(kāi)始下雨了。4“be to動(dòng)詞原形”表示約定的、計(jì)劃中的或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意見(jiàn)。

33、You are to hand in your papers by 10 oclock.到10點(diǎn)你得交上試卷。二、進(jìn)行時(shí)【一】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。【2013四川高考】Hurry up，kids！The school bus is waiting for us！孩子們，快點(diǎn)！校車(chē)在等我們！2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)還可表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞主要有：go，come，leave，stay，start，arrive，land，meet，move，return，stay，stop，do等【2012湖南高考】“The moment is coming soon，”he thou

34、ght to himself，waiting nervously.“這一刻就要來(lái)到了，”他自思自忖，緊張地等待著?！径窟^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?！?013陜西高考】Jim was watching a late night film at home when，right in the middle of a thrilling scene，the television went blank.吉姆深夜正在家里看電影，就在看到一個(gè)驚險(xiǎn)場(chǎng)面的時(shí)候，電視變得一片空白。2表示運(yùn)動(dòng)和位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞可以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞主要有l(wèi)eave，start，arrive，go，come

35、等?！?013新課標(biāo)卷】We were leaving very early so we packed the night before.我們打算很早出發(fā)，因此前一個(gè)晚上就收拾好了行李?！?013江西高考】I was coming to visit you later that day，but I had to phone and cancel.我打算那天晚些時(shí)候去看你，但是不得已打電話取消。三、完成時(shí)【一】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)到說(shuō)話時(shí)剛剛完成或結(jié)束?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與up to now，so far，already，yet，now，recently，in the past

36、 few years，just等表示時(shí)間的詞連用。【2013湖南高考】Have you heard about the recent election?Sure，it has been the only thing on the news for the last three days.你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)近期的選舉嗎？當(dāng)然了，它是近來(lái)三天新聞中唯一的事情了。2用于時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將來(lái)要完成的動(dòng)作或一個(gè)動(dòng)作先于另一個(gè)動(dòng)作?！?011陜西高考】His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month.他的第一本小說(shuō)

37、自從上個(gè)月出版之后就很受歡迎。3在“It（This）is the best（worst，most interesting等）名詞從句”中，從句中的謂語(yǔ)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！?011湖南高考】It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I came to this school.這是我自從到這個(gè)學(xué)校以來(lái)所參加過(guò)的最有教育意義的講座。4在“It（This】 is（will be）the first/second/third.time that從句”中，that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。This is the first

38、time that we have faced such a problem.這是我們第一次面對(duì)這樣的問(wèn)題?！径窟^(guò)去完成時(shí)1某些詞用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法，意為“本來(lái)期望/認(rèn)為/打算”。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞主要有：expect，hope，plan，suppose，think，intend，mean，want等。We had wanted to help you，but we were too busy to get away.我們本來(lái)想幫助你的，但忙得脫不開(kāi)身。2在“hardly（scarcely）.when.，no sooner.than.”句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，

39、意思為“一就”。Hardly had the speaker finished his speech when the audience kept asking him questions.演講者一結(jié)束他的講話，觀眾就不停地向他提問(wèn)。3by，by the end，by the time，until，before，since后接表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或從句，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)?！?011遼寧高考】By the time Jack returned home from England，his son had graduated from college.杰克從英國(guó)回到家時(shí)，他的兒子已經(jīng)大學(xué)畢業(yè)了?！?/p>

40、三】將來(lái)完成時(shí)主要表示某一動(dòng)作到將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間完成，上下文情景中常含有by短語(yǔ)，如by six oclock，by the weekend，by the end of next month等。【2013西安二檢】By the time Mr Smith arrives at the supermarket，we will have stayed there for one hour.等到Mr Smith到達(dá)超市時(shí)，我們將已經(jīng)在那里待一個(gè)小時(shí)了。四、完成進(jìn)行時(shí)【一】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由have/has beenv.ing形式”構(gòu)成，表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能延續(xù)下去，常和for，s

41、ince引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?！?012全國(guó)卷】The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.自從上午9點(diǎn)經(jīng)理就一直在告訴工人如何改善這一方案?！径窟^(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“hadbeen ving”構(gòu)成。表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前開(kāi)始并延續(xù)到過(guò)去某一時(shí)間。這一動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)停止也可能還在進(jìn)行。She told me that she had been studying French for 5 years.她告訴我她已經(jīng)學(xué)

42、習(xí)法語(yǔ)5年了?！緞?dòng)作仍繼續(xù)】She told me that she had been waiting for me for an hour.她告訴我她已經(jīng)等我一個(gè)鐘頭了?！緞?dòng)作不再繼續(xù)】五、語(yǔ)態(tài)【一】主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1英語(yǔ)中有很多動(dòng)詞，如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，wear，open，sell，read，write，wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，主語(yǔ)通常是物；在這種情況下，常常和easily，well等副詞連用。The pen he bought yesterday writes smoothly.他昨天買(mǎi)的

43、這支鋼筆書(shū)寫(xiě)流暢。What about the books？這些書(shū)怎么樣？Books of this kind sell well.這種書(shū)很暢銷(xiāo)。2表示感受、感官的系動(dòng)詞如feel，sound，taste，look等，后面跟形容詞、名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，常常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由聽(tīng)起來(lái)很合理。3在need，want，require，deserve，bear等動(dòng)詞及形容詞worth的后面，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。The house his grandmother lives in needs

44、 repairing/to be repaired.他祖母住的房子需要維修。The picture book is well worth reading.這本圖畫(huà)書(shū)非常值得一讀。【二】主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)的句式1在“主語(yǔ)【人/物】be形容詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式的主動(dòng)形式可表示被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。This problem is difficult to work out.這道題很難計(jì)算出。As you know，Chinese is difficult to

45、 learn，especially for a foreigner.正如你所知，漢語(yǔ)難學(xué)，尤其是對(duì)一個(gè)外國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)。2be to rent/blame/let也屬于主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。Who is to blame for the mistake?誰(shuí)應(yīng)為這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤接受譴責(zé)？As far as I know，the high building standing at the corner of the street is to let.就我所知，街道拐角的那棟高樓要出租。1【2014江西九校第二次聯(lián)考】Over the past month，Chinese cinema_the great succ

46、ess of the lowbudget film Lost in Thailand.Awitnessed Bhas witnessed Cwould witness Dhad witnessed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：在過(guò)去的一個(gè)月里中國(guó)電影院見(jiàn)證了人再囧途之泰囧這部小成本電影的巨大成功?！皁ver/during/inthe past/last一段時(shí)間”常常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。【答案】B2【2014陜西西安名校第五次模擬】Peter，you_all the time since last week.You had better have your chest Xrayed today to

47、make sure everything is all right.Aare coughing Bcoughed Chave been coughing Dhad coughed【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：Peter，自從上周以來(lái)，你一直在咳嗽。你今天最好去做胸部X光檢查以確保一切正常。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性?！敬鸢浮緾3【2014安徽三所示范性高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢查】The police have put up posters around the city with photos of the man they_in connection with the

48、killing of a customer outside a bank.Aseek Bare seeking Chave sought Dhave been seeking【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：警方在全城張貼了他們正在搜尋的那個(gè)男人的照片，那個(gè)男人與一起在銀行外發(fā)生的謀殺案有關(guān)。根據(jù)句意可知，seek這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緽4【2014安徽三所示范性高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢查】When you reach the other end of the bridge，I_right there to show you the way.Await Bhave waited

49、Cwas waiting Dwill be waiting【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)本句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句可知，此處表示的是將來(lái)的時(shí)間，而且后半句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“那時(shí)我就在橋的那頭等你”，表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，所以用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緿5【2014江西南昌聯(lián)考】Did you go back to see your grandfather during New Years Day?Yes，I did.I_him for a long time.Adidnt see Bwouldnt see Chavent seen Dhadnt seen【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：你新年期間回去看爺爺了

50、嗎？是的，我去【看】了。我好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有去看他了。從語(yǔ)境看，沒(méi)有看望爺爺發(fā)生在新年之前，也就是此處為“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緿6【2014烏魯木齊高三第二次診斷性測(cè)驗(yàn)】Mr Li_as a physics teacher for ten years in our school，and now is Secretary General of our city.Aworks Bworked Chad worked Dhas worked【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：李老師在我們學(xué)校當(dāng)了10年的物理教師，現(xiàn)在是我們市的秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)“now is Secretary General o

51、f our city”可知，當(dāng)物理教師是過(guò)去的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。【答案】B7【2014濟(jì)南市名校第四次診斷性測(cè)試】I_a lesson in the classroom when you called me，so I didnt answer it.Agave Bwas giving Cwould give Dhave been giving【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：當(dāng)你打電話給我的時(shí)候我正在上課，因此我沒(méi)有接電話。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緽8【2014成都第一次診斷】Before her first Harry Potter came o

52、ut in 1997，JK.Rowling_English for a living in Portugal.Ais teaching Bhad taught Chas taught Dwould teach【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：在JK.Rowling的第一部哈利波特于1997年出版之前，她一直在葡萄牙靠教英語(yǔ)謀生。根據(jù)句意可知，教英語(yǔ)這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在1997年之前，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，選B?！敬鸢浮緽9【2014河南鄭州高中畢業(yè)年級(jí)第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)】Did you enjoy meeting your old schoolmates at the party last w

53、eek?Yes，I did.We _each other since we graduated from college.Ahavent seen Bdidnt see Chadnt seen Dwouldnt see.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：“上周你在聚會(huì)上與老同學(xué)玩得開(kāi)心嗎？”“開(kāi)心。自從大學(xué)畢業(yè)后我們就沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)面。”答語(yǔ)中的since引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，同時(shí)結(jié)合句意可知，“沒(méi)有見(jiàn)面”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緾10【2014河南鄭州高中畢業(yè)年級(jí)第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)】If I come back in an hour，do you think the manag

54、er will see me?Im very sorry，sir，but he_a meeting then.Awill be having Bis having Chas had Dwill have【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示那時(shí)他將會(huì)正在開(kāi)會(huì)，have a meeting這一動(dòng)作在將來(lái)的某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行，故用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緼11【2014哈爾濱四校高三統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)】In fact he lived a comfortable life，but he_about his fate all the time.Ais complaining Bhas complained

55、Cwas complaining Dhad complained【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：實(shí)際上他過(guò)著舒適的生活，但他總是抱怨命不好。根據(jù)句中的all the time和lived可知，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選C?！敬鸢浮緾12【2014江西贛州高三下學(xué)期4月模擬考試】Im afraid that youll have to report it to our headmaster，for what he says_in our school.Awill count Bcounts Ccounted Dis counting【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：恐怕你要把這件事報(bào)告給校長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樵谖覀儗W(xué)校里他說(shuō)了

56、算。count重要，有價(jià)值，此處是講述一般性的情況，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緽13【2014安徽合肥高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)】Are these seats available?Sorry，sir.The seats_.Ahave reserved Bare reserved Creserved Dare reserving【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為：這些座位可以坐嗎？對(duì)不起，先生，這些座位被預(yù)訂了。根據(jù)句中的“Are”可知，這些座位被預(yù)訂了是目前正處于的狀態(tài)，又因?yàn)閟eats和reserve之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，答案選B。【答案】B14【2014山東省十二校高

57、三聯(lián)考】The vegetables in his field_well，because they are pollutionfree.Aare selling Bhave been sold Care sold Dsell【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為：他田里的蔬菜銷(xiāo)售得很好，因?yàn)樗鼈兪菬o(wú)污染的。某些可用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在“品質(zhì)”或“性能”的動(dòng)詞，如sell，wash，wear，feel，read等，其主語(yǔ)通常是物，承受動(dòng)作可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，且通常不用進(jìn)行時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緿15【2014齊魯名校聯(lián)合測(cè)試】If this product does not give you complete satisfaction，please return it to the manufacturer，stating when it_.Ais purchased Bwill be purchased Cpurchases Dhas purchased【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為：如果你對(duì)產(chǎn)品不完全滿意，請(qǐng)退回給生產(chǎn)商，并注明購(gòu)買(mǎi)的時(shí)間。purchase和it構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處說(shuō)的是一般性情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！敬鸢浮緼