【護(hù)理專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文】65例異位妊娠并發(fā)失血性休克病人的搶救與護(hù)理

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1、 黑龍江省自學(xué)考試護(hù)理專業(yè)專升本 畢 業(yè) 論 文 題 學(xué) 考 目:65例異位妊娠并發(fā)失血性休克病人的搶救與護(hù)理 學(xué) 號(hào):230111100310 考生姓名:付欣宇 指導(dǎo)教師: 哈爾濱醫(yī)科大學(xué)成人教育學(xué)院暨繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院 2011年 月 日 目 錄 中文摘要……………………………………………………………...…2 文獻(xiàn)綜述…………………………………………………………….......3 正 文……………………………………………………………...…4 參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………

2、……………..11 個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷………………………………………………………………..12 中文摘要 : 目的: 通過對(duì) 65 例異位妊娠并發(fā)出血性休克病人的搶救與護(hù)理,解決異位妊娠破裂并發(fā)失血性休克病人的緊張恐懼心理,達(dá)到總結(jié)術(shù)前護(hù)理及期搶救與術(shù)后護(hù)理配合的經(jīng)驗(yàn),使病人早日健康。 方法: 通過對(duì)我院自 2007 年 1 月—2009 年 1 月住院 65 例異位妊娠破裂并發(fā)失血性休克病人的研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行回顧性分析總結(jié)。 結(jié)果: 65 例病人經(jīng)過精心護(hù)理和補(bǔ)充血容量等治療措施,均痊愈出院。 結(jié)論:密切觀察病情變化,提高護(hù)理

3、水平,是搶救成功的關(guān)鍵。 關(guān)鍵詞: 異位妊娠;失血性休克;搶救;護(hù)理 文獻(xiàn)綜述 婦科護(hù)理最早起源于產(chǎn)科護(hù)理,隨著婦科學(xué)的發(fā)展。婦科學(xué)的護(hù)理不僅涉及婦科健康和人類繁衍,與民族興旺有重要關(guān)系[1]。20世紀(jì)中葉,隨著基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的發(fā)展,婦科學(xué)也取得了很大進(jìn)展,現(xiàn)代婦科的發(fā)展是金字塔形,護(hù)理亦一樣[2]。婦科護(hù)理模式必隨現(xiàn)代護(hù)理發(fā)展趨勢(shì)作出相應(yīng)調(diào)整,擴(kuò)大到“以病人為中心”的整體化的、全方位的護(hù)理,要求護(hù)理人員,必須 精通業(yè)務(wù),了解關(guān)心自己的對(duì)象,提供一種快速而解決問題的科學(xué)護(hù)理方法,從國(guó)情出發(fā)著手多種形式的改革和嘗試,適應(yīng)醫(yī)學(xué)模式的轉(zhuǎn)變,與世界婦科

4、護(hù)理接軌。 異位妊娠習(xí)稱宮外孕,是指受精卵與子宮體腔以外著床,我國(guó)是婦科常見的急腹癥之一,近年來 因?qū)m內(nèi)節(jié)育器的使用率及流產(chǎn)率的升高,異位妊娠發(fā)生率有上升趨勢(shì),國(guó)內(nèi)異位妊娠與正常妊娠之比由 1970 年的 1:167~322 上升至 1:56~93。國(guó)外道其發(fā)生率為 1:50~1:303 次妊娠或 1:67~1:21 次活產(chǎn)[3]。國(guó)內(nèi)醫(yī)院 報(bào)道與同期婦科住院病人數(shù)比為 1: 43~1:50 當(dāng)異位妊娠破裂急性發(fā)作時(shí),可引起腹腔內(nèi)嚴(yán)重出血,并發(fā)失血性休克,若不及時(shí)診斷,積極搶救可危 及生命,護(hù)理工作的質(zhì)量是搶救異位妊娠失血性休克的關(guān)鍵,術(shù)前、術(shù)后兩大部分的搶救護(hù)理,尤其是心理護(hù)理工作

5、極大地提高了患者更好地康復(fù),對(duì)有生育要求的患者,不論是減少再次發(fā)生宮外孕的幾率還是今后的診聞方向,都具有可行性及指導(dǎo)性[4]。 在過去的幾十年中,護(hù)理學(xué)科發(fā)生了巨大的變化,如開展以病人為中心的整體護(hù)理[5];近年來國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)妊娠失血性休克的護(hù)理有很多探討,本文闡述的方法及體會(huì)尚有待于進(jìn)一步完善。婦科的護(hù)理要適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展過程中人們對(duì)生育及醫(yī)療照顧需求的改變,為此,婦科護(hù)士在護(hù)理工作中必須善于總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn),為護(hù)理對(duì)象提供高質(zhì)量的護(hù)理,并促進(jìn)護(hù)理科研工作的開展,以期提高醫(yī)護(hù)水平。但在實(shí)施過程中,對(duì)病人健康教育方面,顯效率 只有 79.63%,因此,建議增補(bǔ)健康教育有關(guān)內(nèi)容,根據(jù)病人年齡、文化程 度、個(gè)

6、性特征進(jìn)行心里疏導(dǎo)。 異位妊娠并發(fā)失血性休克的搶救與護(hù)理 異位妊娠是指孕卵在子宮腔以外著床發(fā)育,包括輸卵管妊娠、腹腔妊娠、子宮頸妊娠等,其中以輸卵管妊娠為最常見,是婦產(chǎn)科常見急腹癥之一。異位妊娠破裂并失血性休克的患者,起病急、重,易危及生命。迅速準(zhǔn)確診斷、從速?gòu)男g(shù)、精心護(hù)理是提高搶救成功率的重要環(huán)節(jié)。及時(shí)建立有效的靜脈通道,補(bǔ)充血容量,快速糾正休克,迅速給氧和做好床前準(zhǔn)備,心理護(hù)理,嚴(yán)密觀察病情,嚴(yán)格遵守護(hù)理操作常規(guī),做到“迅速、準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)、嚴(yán)密、嚴(yán)格”是取得搶救成功的關(guān)鍵所在。加強(qiáng)術(shù)后治療和護(hù)理是預(yù)防并發(fā)癥、促進(jìn)

7、機(jī)體早日康復(fù)不可缺的環(huán)節(jié)。通過出院指導(dǎo),能使患者更好地康復(fù)。 自 2007 年 1 月—2009 年 1 月我院婦科共收入院 102 例異位妊娠病人,并發(fā)失血性休克病人 65 例,本文對(duì)這 65 例進(jìn)行分析及談?wù)勛o(hù)理的體會(huì)。 1 臨床資料與治療方法 1.1 一般資料 本組 65 例病人,均在 2007 年 1 月——2009 年 1 月兩年間住院病人,年齡 20-35 歲之間,平均年齡 24 歲。 1.2 診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)異位妊娠均經(jīng)病理檢查證實(shí)。休克診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):面色蒼白、 表情淡漠、四肢濕冷、血壓下降、脈搏細(xì)弱、休克指數(shù)超過 1.0-1.5。 1.3 既往史 盆腔炎 35 例(53.8%

8、) 、腹部手術(shù) 30 例(46.2%) ,其中女性絕育 12 例(18.4%) 。宮內(nèi)安置節(jié)育器 17 例(26.2%) ,痛經(jīng) 14 例(21.5%) 。 1.4 分類 12 例無子女,入院時(shí)收縮壓低于 12kpa,舒張壓低于 8kpa,未測(cè)出血壓 5 例,失血量最多 2000ml,最少 800ml,輸卵管妊娠 16 例,其中 輸卵管壺腹部妊娠 4 例,峽部妊娠 5 例,傘端妊娠 2 例,間質(zhì)部妊娠 5 例。 1.5 癥狀停經(jīng):無停經(jīng)者 15 例占 23.1%,停經(jīng)者 19 例占 29.2%腹痛:全部均有腹痛。陰道出血 18 例(27.7%) ,無陰道出血 16 例外中 24.6%。

9、 1.6 治療方法 本級(jí)病例全部行剖腹探查術(shù),部分輸卵管切除 24 例,全部 輸卵管切除 14 例,宮角楔形切除 23 例,附件切除 4 例。治愈率 100%,無 1 例死亡。 2.護(hù)理過程 2.1 術(shù)前護(hù)理 2.1.1 心理護(hù)理 本組 65 例病人對(duì)疾病產(chǎn)生均有不同程度的恐懼感,針對(duì)這種情況,首先對(duì)患者進(jìn)行耐心解釋工作,使其了解疾病的發(fā)展,危害及手術(shù)治療的結(jié)局,并讓患者配合醫(yī)生,消除恐懼感,解除思想顧慮,樹立自信心,愉快地接受手術(shù)。同時(shí)也不放松做好家屬的思想工作,介紹本病的相關(guān)知識(shí),使家屬積極配合我們的一系列治療護(hù)理,并給予患者心理支持。 2.1.2 積極做好術(shù)前準(zhǔn)備,備皮

10、、配血、留置尿、查對(duì)床號(hào)、姓名,帶病歷送病至手術(shù)室,準(zhǔn)備術(shù)后床位。 2.1.3 密切觀察病情 異位妊娠破裂后,短時(shí)間內(nèi)腹腔大量出血,本組 65 例病人均因腹腔內(nèi)出血發(fā)生不同程度的休克,其中出血量最多的一例位2000ml,最少的一例位 800ml。措施要點(diǎn):每 15min~30min 測(cè)血壓、脈搏 1 次,密切觀察病人的神志、面色和指端溫度;快速建立靜脈通路及時(shí)補(bǔ)充有效循環(huán)血量,防止休克的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,必要時(shí)行靜脈切開深靜脈置管。體位:置患者頭高 15cm,下肢抬高 20cm,以增加回心血量,保證和增加腦血流量,以減少腹腔器官對(duì)心肺的壓迫,利于呼吸與促進(jìn)冠狀循環(huán),并利于下肢靜脈的回流,這樣既可

11、促進(jìn)休克的恢復(fù),又可使病人感到舒適。由于患者失血,必須注意保暖。室溫保持在 22-26℃,靜脈用液體適當(dāng)加溫。輸液速度 對(duì)失血性休克病人,除充血容量外,最關(guān)鍵的是擴(kuò)容速度要快,快速輸入等量液體可使休克迅速糾正。膠體液的應(yīng)用 補(bǔ)充一定量的晶休液后,要及時(shí)補(bǔ)充一定量的膠體液,膠體液可提高膠體滲透壓,利于維護(hù)足夠的有效的循環(huán)血容量,防止腦水腫及肺水腫等并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生。輸同型血 經(jīng)擴(kuò)容后再輸同型血, 既能補(bǔ)充血容量,提高膠體滲透壓,又有補(bǔ)充血細(xì)胞及凝血因子,提高凝血酶原濃度,有止血及增加機(jī)體抵抗力, 特別是輸入的是新鮮血液。流量給氧,改善組織缺氧狀態(tài)。糾正酸中毒 病人入院后呼吸深大、表情淡漠應(yīng)立即給 5

12、%碳酸氫鈉 250ml 快速滴注,同時(shí)注意觀察尿量、血壓情況,防止各種并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生。 2.2 術(shù)后護(hù)理 2.2.1 補(bǔ)充體液 腹腔內(nèi)出血及手術(shù)過程中失血、機(jī)體攝入量不足、禁食等 原因造成患者體液不足。 措施要點(diǎn):每 15min~30min 測(cè)血壓、 脈搏 1 次,評(píng)估記錄病人的體溫、皮膚彈性、粘膜情況;保持導(dǎo)管通暢,正確記錄24h出入量,按醫(yī)囑補(bǔ)充液體或輸血,嚴(yán)格無菌技術(shù)操作,嚴(yán)防輸液、 輸血反應(yīng)的發(fā)生。 2.2.2 密切觀察病情變化,防治并發(fā)癥防治刀口滲血,每 15min~30min 測(cè)血壓、脈搏 1 次,直到穩(wěn)定;觀察并記錄切口是否有滲血,陰道有無出血;腹部置沙袋 6h~8h,

13、8h 后可用磁療腹加壓止血,以促進(jìn)傷口愈合;遵醫(yī)囑用止血?jiǎng)?,如止血芳酸?立止血等。本組全部病人生命體征維持在正常范圍,切口愈合很好。 2.2.3 疼痛的護(hù)理 由于腹腔內(nèi)出血刺激腹膜、 手術(shù)切口等原因本組 65 例患 1 者均有不同程度較重的疼痛。護(hù)理要點(diǎn):評(píng)估記錄病人疼痛的程度、面色、血壓、脈搏、呼吸;指導(dǎo)病人應(yīng)用放松療法緩解疼痛;幫助病人保持舒適的臥位;術(shù)后 24h~48h 內(nèi)可使用止痛劑,如鹽酸哌替啶 50mg、 異丙嗪 25mg 肌肉注射或口服凱扶蘭 25mg。經(jīng)護(hù)理本組患者疼痛均有所改善,65 例病人中 63 例疼痛感均在 24h~45h 內(nèi)減輕或消失。另外 2 例疼 痛在 48

14、h~52h 內(nèi)減輕。 2.2.4 控制感染 由于失血過多、手術(shù)切口機(jī)體營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良等原因,術(shù)后病人 觀察并記錄切口外觀及尿量、 易發(fā)生感染。 護(hù)理要點(diǎn): 每 4h 測(cè)體溫 1 次,尿色;留置尿管者每日用 0.5%活力碘清毒外陰 1 次~2 次;嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行 無菌技術(shù)操作原則,防止交叉感染;囑病人侵換內(nèi)衣、內(nèi)褲,保持個(gè)人清潔衛(wèi)生;保持室內(nèi)清潔、空氣新鮮、定時(shí)通風(fēng)、溫度適宜;指導(dǎo)病人飲食護(hù)理:病人于術(shù)后肛門未排氣前禁食,48 小時(shí)后開始進(jìn)水,禁飲糖水、牛奶等產(chǎn)氣產(chǎn)酸類食物,以免加重腹脹,無反應(yīng)后進(jìn)流質(zhì)飲食。肛門排氣后,飲食不限,應(yīng)給高蛋白、高糖、高維生素飲食,少量多餐遵醫(yī)囑使用抗生素,如青霉素類及頭孢

15、類。 2.2.5 健康教育本組 65 例病人都存在不同程度的缺乏對(duì)疾病及術(shù)后飲食、性生活知識(shí)。措施要點(diǎn):指導(dǎo)病人術(shù)后飲食,詳細(xì)講述術(shù)后飲食的要求及注意事項(xiàng),對(duì) 2 例無生育要求仍保留輸卵管的患者,明確告訴她們?nèi)杂袘言猩踔猎俅螌m外孕的可能,要采取避孕措施,而對(duì) 2 例有生育衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣, 在下次月經(jīng)干凈后 3~5d 內(nèi)到門診通水治療, 通水 2 周內(nèi)禁止性生活, B 經(jīng)超證實(shí)輸卵管通暢后,就可開始為懷孕做準(zhǔn)備了。本組 65 例病人均愿意接 受健康指導(dǎo)。 經(jīng)指導(dǎo)后有 61 例能說出相關(guān)知識(shí)。 隨訪護(hù)理效果滿意率 98%。 3.護(hù)理效果 經(jīng)過精心的治療和護(hù)理,65 例病人均痊愈出院,治愈率達(dá) 1

16、00%,無 1 例死亡。隨訪患者對(duì)護(hù)理滿意率 95%。 4.討論 4.1 異位妊娠破裂伴失血性休克起病急,病情發(fā)展迅速常危及生命,目前國(guó)內(nèi)外最有效的治療手段是手術(shù)。及時(shí)有效的對(duì)術(shù)前、術(shù)后的搶救護(hù)理是挽救生命的關(guān)鍵,但在護(hù)理方面往往只重視搶救而忽略心理及家庭信住址因素,與目前我國(guó)護(hù)理人員數(shù)量少、素質(zhì)普遍較低有關(guān)。 4.2 做好常規(guī)護(hù)理 按照馬斯洛的需要層次理論,我們首先必須滿足病人的生理需要,也就是說首先要采取有效的護(hù)理措施,滿足病人的基本需要, 解決因疾病和手術(shù)給病人帶來的各項(xiàng)生理問題。 4.3 重視心理護(hù)理與健康宣教 4.3.1 對(duì)患者的心理護(hù)理與健康宣教 異位妊娠破裂伴

17、失血性休克除常規(guī) 護(hù)理外,必須重視心理護(hù)理與健康宣教。此病起病急,病情發(fā)展迅速常危及生命,從速手術(shù)是挽救病人生命的關(guān)鍵,必須在抗休克的同時(shí)進(jìn)行手術(shù)。異位妊娠破裂并休克者,多數(shù)對(duì)疾病及手術(shù)知識(shí)缺乏及缺乏對(duì)疾病的基本認(rèn)識(shí),一旦確診都很焦慮、恐懼,有些甚至悲觀失望,感情非常脆弱,心態(tài)十分復(fù)雜 例未婚未育者因擔(dān)心術(shù)后喪失生育能力而拒絕手術(shù)治療,后經(jīng)護(hù)士耐心、熱情的解釋,說明手術(shù)對(duì)于阻止失血、挽救生命的重要性后積極配合治療。做好心理護(hù)理患難溝通是關(guān)鍵,通過交流,病人對(duì)護(hù)理人員產(chǎn)生了高度的信任感、依賴感,消除了顧慮,增強(qiáng)了治療的信心。 4.3.2 對(duì)患者家屬進(jìn)行健康教育不僅對(duì)患者進(jìn)行心理護(hù)理,還要對(duì)家

18、屬進(jìn)行宣教和指導(dǎo)。由于病情急,患者情緒緊張,家屬難以接受,護(hù)士在搶救的同時(shí)應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)、安慰患者,給予心理支持,使患者主動(dòng)配合治療。同時(shí)向患者家屬宣教有關(guān)宮外孕疾病的知識(shí),對(duì)患者的病情變化、搶救過程及效果主動(dòng)做出恰當(dāng)?shù)慕忉尯皖A(yù)告,以爭(zhēng)取家屬的理解與支持。對(duì)患者家屬進(jìn)行健康教育后,不但使家屬積極配合我們的一系列治療護(hù)理,并給予患者心理支持,還能避免不必要的懷孕、感染,從而減少炎癥,從根本上杜絕異位妊娠的發(fā)生。 5 結(jié)論 通過對(duì)不同患者的護(hù)理分析,本組病人無 1 例泌尿系統(tǒng)感染及尿潴留發(fā)生,13 例 I 期愈合,1 例合并糖尿病 II 期愈合,無 1 例褥瘡發(fā)生。護(hù)理效果明顯提高,休克的可能性降

19、低了。 [參考文獻(xiàn)] [1]袁耀萼,盛丹菁,主編,婦產(chǎn)科學(xué)新理論與新技術(shù)第 2 版,上海:上海 科技教育出版社,1998::102. [2]劉鵬.介紹日本圍手術(shù)護(hù)理.中華護(hù)理雜志,2001,736(7) :557. [3] 周 郅 隆 . 高 危 妊 娠 的 監(jiān) 護(hù) 與 護(hù) 理 第 一 版 . 上 海 科 技 教 育 出 牌 社.1999.269~270 [4]鄭修霞主編.婦產(chǎn)科護(hù)理學(xué),本科教材.人民衛(wèi)生出版社. [5]李躍紅.異位妊娠患者的健康教育.實(shí)踐醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 1999,12 (4) :43-44. [6]鄭 懷美 主編 .現(xiàn)代 婦產(chǎn) 科 [M]. 第 一版

20、. 上海 :上 海醫(yī)科 大學(xué) 出版 社, 1998,531~534. [7]付杰.婦產(chǎn)科學(xué).第 6 版.北京:人民衛(wèi)生出版社,2004,110~115. [8]曹澤毅.中華婦產(chǎn)科學(xué).第 2 版.北京:人民衛(wèi)生出版社,2004,1314~ 1326. 11 個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷 姓名 付新宇 民族 漢 出生年月 1994.12.11 ??飘厴I(yè)學(xué)校 哈爾濱醫(yī)科大學(xué) 所學(xué)專業(yè) 護(hù)理專業(yè) 現(xiàn)事工作 護(hù)理專業(yè) 專升本面授輔導(dǎo)學(xué)校 綏化衛(wèi)校 實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)院 肇東市人民醫(yī)院 研究成果: 指導(dǎo)教師評(píng)語: g an employment t

21、ribunal claim Employment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees. You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: · you don't agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you · your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been

22、dismissed unfairly. For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see?Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven't?appealed?against the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any

23、 compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribun

24、al will not usually accept it. If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed under?Further help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oa

25、th or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed under?Further help. If you are being represented by a solicitor at th

26、e tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as a?damages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can't charge you more than 35% of your compensation ?if you win the case. If you are thinking abou

27、t signing up for ?a damages-based agreement, you should make sure you're clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. ?To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click on?neare

28、st CAB. For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see?Employment tribunals. The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifa's anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association's 150th anniversary celebrations and will

29、attend City's Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday. "I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure," he told BBC Sport. "For me it's about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was." Uefa has?opened disciplinary procee

30、dings against CSKA?for the "racist behaviour of their fans" during?City's 2-1 win. Michel Platini, president of European football's governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee's actions. CSKA said they were "surprised and disappointed" by Toure's complaint. In a st

31、atement the Russian side added: "We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA." Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disi

32、llusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.   一字開頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲。或許是愧疚于自己似乎把轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的很多個(gè)不同的日子過成了同一天的樣子;或許是追溯過去,對(duì)自己那些近乎偏執(zhí)的怪異信念的醒悟

33、,這些天以來,思緒一直很凌亂,在腦海中不斷糾纏。總覺得自己自己似乎應(yīng)該去做點(diǎn)什么,或者寫點(diǎn)什么。二十年的人生軌跡深深淺淺,突然就感覺到有些事情,非做不可了。 The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?   而窮盡我們的一生,又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可? During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and m

34、ore found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isn't really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think don't want

35、 to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already

36、can't remember his appearance.   童年時(shí),覺得壓歲錢和新衣服是過年必備,但是隨著年齡的推進(jìn),會(huì)越來越發(fā)現(xiàn),那些東西根本就可有可無;初中時(shí),以為要有一場(chǎng)暗戀才意味著真正的成長(zhǎng),但三年過去后,自己心平氣和的寫同學(xué)錄的時(shí)候,突然就發(fā)現(xiàn)是不是真正的成長(zhǎng)了,好像并沒有那么重要了;然后到了高中,覺得非要吐露出自己的心聲才能為高中生涯里的懵懂情愫劃上一個(gè)句點(diǎn),但畢業(yè)晚會(huì)的時(shí)候最終還是被梗塞在了咽喉,后來再次站在他曾經(jīng)揮汗如雨的球場(chǎng),看著他投過籃球的球框時(shí),突然間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)想不起他的容顏。 Originally, this world, can produce a che

37、mical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.   原來,這個(gè)世界上,對(duì)某個(gè)事件能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)的,除了非做不可的堅(jiān)決,還有,時(shí)間。 A person's time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more ofte

38、n is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.   一個(gè)人的時(shí)候,自己的想法總是特別地清晰。想要的,不想要的,界限明確,好像

39、沒有什么可以撼動(dòng)自己。也曾經(jīng)好像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件事,但更多的時(shí)候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌惡過自己的怯懦,最終卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多緣分,有很多錯(cuò)過,好像冥冥之中真的已經(jīng)注定。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可,只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強(qiáng)心劑,或者說,是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。 At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationer

40、y; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that haven't start planning... Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.   此刻,天空是陰暗的,空氣里有著剛下過雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件藍(lán)格子襯衫;那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙;那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼;還有那場(chǎng)還沒有開始就宣告了終結(jié)的邂逅計(jì)劃……那些年那些天的非

41、做不可,終于和青春一樣,都將在我們的人生中謝幕。 Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm -- winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached,

42、 will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the

43、stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence. The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda. The weatheThe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out

44、 onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform. Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, he'll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is d

45、iving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jump When he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound -- 690 mph (1,110 kph) -- in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not

46、 be enough to stop him completely. If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes it's not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1

47、,524 meters). In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds. Even if everything goes as planned, it won't. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters). cause there 17

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