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1、2019牛津譯林高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)選習(xí)題：模塊6U2李仕才一、閱讀理解。Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy，a new study says.Thats what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya.Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals havent shown.It
2、 lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isnt.The result shows that the clever animals are also studying people，said study author Karen McComb.“Basically，they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with，” said McComb，a professor at the Universit
3、y of Sussex in England.“Memory is key.They must build up that knowledge somehow.”The study was released on Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Its close to but not quite like the Dr.Seuss book，where the elephant Horton hears something that others cant hear.McComb and collea
4、gues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya，where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans，sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water.The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men，who on occasion kill elephants，and Kamba men，who are less of a threat to the elephants.As a result，the ele
5、phants reacted more defensivelyretreating and gathering in a bunchto the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe，said study coauthor Graeme Shannon.They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women.Since women almost never spear el
6、ephants，the animals reacted less defensively to the womens voices.The same thing happened when they substituted young boys voices.“Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable，” said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal，who was not part of the s
7、tudy.1Who were the people taking part in the study?AFrans de Waal and Karen McComb.BDr.Seuss and Graeme Shannon.CGraeme Shannon and Frans de Waal.DKaren McComb and Graeme Shannon.2What can wild elephants benefit from their special ability?AIdentifying and avoiding possible danger.BGrowing much faste
8、r than any other animals.CHaving a better understanding of humans.DDeveloping their language skills.3Which can replace the underlined word“substituted”in the last paragraph? Adistinguished BrepeatedCused Dcompared4What does the passage mainly talk about?AWild elephants can distinguish human language
9、s.BThe conflict between humans and wild elephants is growing.CWild elephants use language skills to make discrimination.DWild elephants can build up good memory and learn tricks.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】研究表明野生大象能夠識(shí)別男、女和男孩的聲音，它們通過(guò)思維區(qū)分聲音并判斷誰(shuí)能對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生威脅?！倦y句分析】McComb and colleagues went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya，whe
10、re hundreds of wild elephants live among humans，sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water.分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。譯文：McComb和同事去了位于肯尼亞的安博塞利國(guó)家公園，在那里有成百上千頭野象與人類一起生活，他們有時(shí)因?yàn)樗Y源匱乏而發(fā)生沖突。1D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“study author Karen McComb”和第六段中的
11、“study coauthor Graeme Shannon”可知，Karen McComb和Groeme Shannon都參加了研究，故選D項(xiàng)。2A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals havent shown.It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isnt”可知，這種高等的思維方式使野象能夠分辨出誰(shuí)能對(duì)他們?cè)斐赏{，這樣它們可以避免可能的危險(xiǎn)，故A項(xiàng)是正確的。3C考查詞義猜測(cè)。畫線詞所在句中
12、的“The same thing happened”指的是前一句中的“the animals reacted less defensively to the womens voices”，畫線詞所在句講的是野象對(duì)年輕男孩的聲音做出的反應(yīng)，說(shuō)明當(dāng)時(shí)研究者在對(duì)野象播放年輕男孩的聲音，選C項(xiàng)。4A考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章第一句“Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy”和全文內(nèi)容可知，野象能夠通過(guò)人的聲音區(qū)分不同人類群體的性別和年齡，故選A項(xiàng)(野象能夠區(qū)分人類的語(yǔ)言)。二、單項(xiàng)選擇。1.Youd
13、better take a pen when you go to the meeting _ there is something important to write down.A. as if B so as to C in order to D. in case【答案】D。【解析】BC 選項(xiàng)后接動(dòng)詞原形，故排除。as if 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，in case 意為“以防”可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：去開會(huì)時(shí)你最好帶上鋼筆，以防有什么重要的東西可以記下來(lái)。2.By the time scientists _ the fundamental structure of dark matter
14、, Im sure that man _ amazing advances in science.A. figure out, has made B. will figure out, will makeC. figure out, will have made D. will figure out, will be making【答案】C【解析】句意：到科學(xué)家們弄清楚暗物質(zhì)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，我肯定人類將已經(jīng)在科學(xué)上取得了驚人的進(jìn)步。by 表示“到為止”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句常與完成時(shí)連用，主句的謂語(yǔ)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)態(tài)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。23.Sharon, why is the man s
15、o upset now?His wallet, mobile phone and ID card _, the police are investigating and will send him to a social assistance station.A. was stolen B. stolen C. being stolen D. having stolen【答案】B【解析】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。邏輯主語(yǔ)“His wallet, mobile phone and ID card”與動(dòng)詞“steal”存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞。句意： “莎倫，那人現(xiàn)在為何那么郁悶？” “他
16、的錢包、手機(jī)以及身份證被盜。警方正在調(diào)查并會(huì)把他送到一家社會(huì)救助站去。 ”4._ before bed, cellphones can result in a restless night.A. To use B. Using C. Used D. Having used【答案】C【解析】句意：睡前使用手機(jī)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致睡眠質(zhì)量下降。cellphones 與 use 是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即使用手機(jī)，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，排除 A、B、D，本句可改寫為：If cellphones are used before bed, they can result in a restless night.。25.The
17、parents do everything we can _ their daughter with good education, so that she will get a good job in the future.A. provide B. providing C. provided D. to provide【答案】D【解析】句意：那對(duì)父母做了他們能做的一切為他們的女兒提供良好的教育，為了她以后能得到一份好工作。原句應(yīng)為：The parents do everything we can do to provide their daughter with good educatio
18、n.所以選 D。6.As Chinas villages meet modernity, with such conveniences as the flushing toilet, the Internet and personal carownership, some traditions are being left by the wayside, only _ in memory.A. remained B. remaining C. to be remained D. being remained【答案】B【解析】句意：隨著中國(guó)農(nóng)村步入現(xiàn)代化，沖水馬桶、網(wǎng)絡(luò)和私家車等便利到來(lái)，一些傳
19、統(tǒng)留在人們的記憶里?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，remain 一詞表示“遺留”時(shí)為系動(dòng)詞，故沒有被動(dòng)形式。7.Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?I will spend a whole week _ in your room to wait for their coming.A. locking B. to lock C. locked D. to be locked【答案】C【解析】 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。 根據(jù)句意“把自己關(guān)在你的房間里度過(guò)一周的時(shí)間”， 即 lock myself in yourroom，lo
20、ck 與主語(yǔ) I 之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示方式。句意： “請(qǐng)問告訴我您怎樣才能抓住強(qiáng)盜呢?” “我把自己關(guān)在你房間里一個(gè)禮拜，等待他們的到來(lái)(就抓住他們了)。 ”8._ by the sad story of the child, many people offered to lend him a helping hand.A. Being affected B. Having affected C. Affected D. To affect【答案】C【解析】許多人因受感動(dòng)而伸出援助之手，故用 affect 的過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)和完成。句意：許多人因受那個(gè)男孩悲
21、慘故事的感動(dòng)，主動(dòng)伸出了援助之手。9._ the teenage brain, the expert decided to write a book about how to help teenagers fight against attention problems.A. To explore B. Having explored C. Exploring D. Having been explored【答案】B【解析】逗號(hào)后面分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ) expert 與 explore 之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，并且 explore 所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 decided 所表示的動(dòng)作之前，因此用
22、現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語(yǔ)。句意：在探究了青少年的大腦之后，這位專家決定要寫一本關(guān)于如何幫助青少年與注意力方面的問題作斗爭(zhēng)的書。10.The storm _, they had to live in a cave.A. has destroyed their hut B. to destroy their hutC. having destroyed their hut D. being destroyed【答案】C【解析】這是分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)句。分詞的完成式表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前， 根據(jù)句意可知，暴風(fēng)雨毀掉草屋在前，故 C 是答案。句意：風(fēng)暴摧毀了他們的茅舍，所以他們不得不住在洞里。11
23、.Mr Muite refused to talk to them except _ in the company of his legal colleagues, therefore the police officers departedA. in terms of B. in company of C. in favor of D. in view of【答案】B【解析】in the company of 在陪同下。句意：繆特先生拒絕在沒有其律師同事陪同的情況下和他們說(shuō)話，于是警察們就離開了。12.Teddy came to my _ with a check of $ 200 to p
24、ay my room rate, after I told him that my wallet had been stolen.A. attendance B. Assistance C. rescue D. safety【答案】B【解析】句意：我告訴特迪我的錢包被偷了后，他帶著 200 美元的支票來(lái)幫我付了房租。come to ones assistance 為固定搭配， “來(lái)支援(或幫忙)某人” ，符合句意。attendance 出席，到場(chǎng)；rescue 援救，解救；safety 安全。13.You see the lightning _ it happens, but you hear
25、 the thunder later.A. the instant B. for an instant C. on the instant D. in an instant【答案】A【解析】句意：閃電一發(fā)生你就看見閃光，但過(guò)一會(huì)兒才聽到雷聲。instant 瞬間，剎那，比 moment 所指的時(shí)間更短，但用法與 moment 基本一致。the instant 一就，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，符合題意。for an instant 一瞬間；on the instant 立即；in an instant 立刻，馬上。14.I was late this morning because my alarm c
26、lock failed to _.A. turn off B. go after C. go off D. switch off【答案】C【解析】 句意： 我今天早晨遲到了， 是因?yàn)槲业聂[鐘沒響。 turn off 關(guān)掉； go after 追趕， 追求； 謀求； go off(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲；switch off 關(guān)掉。20.I did love my mom very much but it got to a point _ even she did not want me to see her as she was.A. where B. When C. that D. which【答案
27、】A【解析】句意：我確實(shí)非常愛我媽媽，但是情況發(fā)展到這樣一種程度：她甚至不想讓我看到她以前的樣子。當(dāng)先行詞是 point，case，situation 等時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句多用 where 引導(dǎo)，where 在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。三、完形填空。For me，two of the loveliest words in English are “Life persists”I _1_ them years ago as a college student，sitting in the library，_2_，working on a paper.Out of nowhere，those words came
28、_3_ off the page in a quote(引語(yǔ))：“In the midst of death life persists，in the midst of _4_ truth persists，in the midst of darkness light persists.”Suddenly I wasnt unhappy and impatient any more.Then I _5_ my granddad.I loved to talk with him.And I was _6_ to hear what hed think of it.He had poor hear
29、ing，so I had to _7_ it a few times，but once he _8_ it，he laughed.“All I can say to that is totally _9_，” he said on the phone.I told him how glad I was，after a long winter，to finally see spring and _10_ to find that quote.“Why is that？” he asked.“Well，spring is a sure _11_ that life persists.And it
30、just makes me _12_.”He laughed again，and then _13_ his lovely voice，he recited for me his _14_“spring time” words：“The desert shall rejoice(高興)，and _15_ as the rose does.even with joy and singing.”Many years later，_16_ my husband and I drove across a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛開的)cac
31、tuses，I could _17_ hear my granddad laughing：“The desert shall rejoice.”Life persists，and so do we，in the silence of _18_ and the blooming of cactuses；and in the dead of _19_ and the green of spring.Spring _20_ us that were alive forever.1A.looked for Bhappened onCpicked out Dmade up2A.bored Bconcen
32、tratedCtired Dconfused3A.running BdancingCrushing Dmoving4A.fear BaccusationCsuspicion Duntruth5A.called BvisitedCconsulted Dinformed6A.patient BconfidentCupset Ddesperate7A.copy BprintCrepeat Drecite8A.got BmadeCundertook Dmanaged9A.puzzlement BscepticismCagreement Ddisapproval10A.practically Bespe
33、ciallyCobviously Dnaturally11A.way BinspirationCremark Dsign12A.astonished BenergeticCmerry Dalive13A.in BwithCof Dbeyond14A.impressive BsuperbCclassical Dfavorite15A.exist BflowerCsurvive Dsow16A.after BwhenCuntil Dalthough17A.hardly BalwaysCalmost Dmostly18A.journeys BwordsCworld Ddesert19A.winter
34、 BspringCsummer Dautumn20A.convinces BassuresCreminds Dstrikes【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，講述的是作者有感于春天的活力，從偶然讀到的一段話聯(lián)想到生命的意義與堅(jiān)持。生命長(zhǎng)存于漫漫沙漠的植物中，長(zhǎng)存于冬去春來(lái)的綠意中。冬去春來(lái)，生命依然長(zhǎng)存，而我們也要繼續(xù)前行。1B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，幾年前坐在大學(xué)的圖書館里作者偶然遇到這兩個(gè)單詞“Life persists”。happen on“偶然遇到或發(fā)現(xiàn)”，符合語(yǔ)境。pick out“挑選，辨別出”；make up“編造”。2A根據(jù)下文中的“Suddenly I wasnt unhappy
35、and impatient any more”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)在圖書館里的心情是很煩悶的。故選bored“厭倦的，煩悶的”。3B這兩個(gè)詞突然從書頁(yè)上的引語(yǔ)中躍入作者的眼簾。dancing在此形象生動(dòng)地描述了這兩個(gè)詞所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它們的偶然性。4D在死亡中，生命依然堅(jiān)持；在謊言中，真理依然長(zhǎng)存；在黑暗中，光明依然永駐。根據(jù)句中的death與life, darkness與light的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)填truth的反義詞。untruth“虛假，不真實(shí)”，符合語(yǔ)境。accusation“控告”；suspicion“懷疑”。5A根據(jù)下文中的“on the phone”可知，作者給爺爺打電
36、話。call“(給)打電話”，符合語(yǔ)境。visit“看望，拜訪”；consult“咨詢”；inform“告知”。6D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上文中的“I loves to talk with him”可知，作者很想聽到爺爺(對(duì)這句話)是怎么看的。desperate“極想，渴望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。7C根據(jù)上文中的“He had poor hearing，so I had to”和下文中的“a few times”可知，爺爺?shù)穆犛X不靈，所以作者不得不多次重復(fù)(repeat)這句話。copy“抄寫”；print“打印”；recite“背誦”。8A但是一旦作者的爺爺明白(got it
37、)了，他就笑了起來(lái)。make it“獲得成功，準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)”。9C根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)aughed”和下文中作者的爺爺所背誦的語(yǔ)句與該句話的主題的一致性可知，作者的爺爺對(duì)這句話所表達(dá)的主題是完全同意的。puzzlement“疑惑”；scepticism “懷疑”；agreement“贊同，同意”；disapproval“反對(duì)，不贊成”。10B作者告訴爺爺她在漫長(zhǎng)的冬天過(guò)后，最終看到春天，特別是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)這句引語(yǔ)，自己是有多高興。especially“特別，尤其”，符合語(yǔ)境。practically“實(shí)際地，差不多”；obviously“明顯地”；naturally“自然而然地”。11D春天就是一個(gè)可信的跡
38、象，它表明生命是長(zhǎng)存的。sign“跡象，征兆”符合語(yǔ)境。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。12C根據(jù)上文中的“I wasnt unhappy”，下文中的“rejoice(高興)”“joy”及文章的主題可知，這句話使作者感到開心(merry)。astonished“震驚的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。13A作者的爺爺又笑了笑，然后用他那悅耳的嗓音為作者背誦了他最喜歡的語(yǔ)句。in.voice是固定搭配，表示“以的嗓音”。14D參見上題解析。impressive“給人印象深刻的”；superb“極佳的，質(zhì)量極高的”；classical“經(jīng)典的”；favorite“最喜歡的”。
39、15B沙漠應(yīng)該高興，像玫瑰一樣盛開。根據(jù)空后的“as the rose does”可知，flower“開花”符合語(yǔ)境。16B多年后，當(dāng)作者和丈夫驅(qū)車穿越一個(gè)有很多野花和盛開的仙人掌的沙漠時(shí)，她幾乎又聽到了爺爺笑著說(shuō)“沙漠應(yīng)該高興”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故選when。17C參見上題解析。almost“幾乎，差不多”，符合語(yǔ)境。18D根據(jù)空后的“the blooming of cactuses.”和上文中的“a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛開的)cactuses”及“The desert sha
40、ll rejoice”可知，生命長(zhǎng)存，同樣的，我們也要堅(jiān)持。生命長(zhǎng)存于寂靜的沙漠(desert)中和盛開的仙人掌里。19Ain the dead of winter“在隆冬，在嚴(yán)冬”?？涨暗膁ead形象地表現(xiàn)出了冬季萬(wàn)物蕭條的景象，與春季的綠意及萬(wàn)物復(fù)蘇的景象形成鮮明的對(duì)比。20C春天提醒我們，我們永遠(yuǎn)充滿活力。convince“使相信”；assure“使確信”；remind“提醒”；strike“突然想到”。四、七選五。Think about what youve learned from a particular rumor experience，and let it help you m
41、ake sure it never happens again.Here are a few tips that will help you. 1 The more private information that you make public，the more ammunition(把柄)rumors will have，so be careful who you confide in(向吐露). Try to understand where its coming from，and why.Is the rumor meant to hurt you，or is it just a ca
42、se of misinformation or exaggeration？Its important to get this information before you react to the rumor. 2 Resist the urge to dish it out.Have you heard the saying “Someone can dish it out，but he or she cant take it”？ 3 If you spread gossip and rumors about others，you might become a person who dese
43、rves a taste of his or her own medicine.Resist the urge to take revenge.If youve been the victim of gossip and rumors and you know who started spreading them，you might want to go“an eye for an eye” 4 And taking revenge in this way might make you feel good for a short time.But in the end，it will just
44、 keep the cycle of rumors going. 5 ABe cautious about making friends.BBe careful about your private information.CTry to persuade more people to be on your side.DSo if you can，figure out how the rumor occurs.EIn other words，dont be the person to spread rumors.FIts tending to make up lies or expose in
45、formation that hurts others.GAnd make you as much of a bully(恃強(qiáng)凌弱者)as any other rumor starter.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文為說(shuō)明文。講述的是如何正確應(yīng)對(duì)謠言。1B根據(jù)下文的“The more private information that you make public，the more ammunition(把柄)rumors will have，so be careful who you confide in(向吐露)”可知，本段主要講的是“對(duì)你自己的隱私要小心謹(jǐn)慎”，故選B項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)中的“private i
46、nformation”也與文中的“private information”相匹配。2D根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Try to understand where its coming from，and why.”及空前的內(nèi)容可知，對(duì)謠言作出反應(yīng)前，弄清楚謠言很重要。所以如果你能的話，要弄清楚謠言的來(lái)源和起因，故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。3E根據(jù)本段的小標(biāo)題“Resist the urge to dish it out.”及空處上下文的內(nèi)容可知，空處講的應(yīng)是不要散播謠言相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，故E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。4F根據(jù)下文的“taking revenge in this way”可知，空處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)是報(bào)復(fù)的方法，故F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5G根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容可知，如果以散布謠言的方式報(bào)復(fù)別人的話，你可能會(huì)在短期內(nèi)感覺良好，但是最后，這只會(huì)使得謠言繼續(xù)被散布，故G項(xiàng)承接上文，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了這種報(bào)復(fù)方式的消極后果。 11
2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)選習(xí)題 模塊6 Unit 2 What is happiness to you（含解析）牛津譯林版
