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黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
輕型汽車(chē)在商用汽車(chē)生產(chǎn)中占有很大的比重,而且驅(qū)動(dòng)橋在整車(chē)中十分重要。驅(qū)動(dòng)橋作為汽車(chē)四大總成之一,它的性能的好壞直接影響整車(chē)性能,而對(duì)于載貨汽車(chē)顯得尤為重要。為滿足目前當(dāng)前載貨汽車(chē)的快速、高效率、高效益的需要時(shí),必須要搭配一個(gè)高效、可靠的驅(qū)動(dòng)橋。設(shè)計(jì)出結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、工作可靠、造價(jià)低廉的驅(qū)動(dòng)橋,能大大降低整車(chē)生產(chǎn)的總成本,推動(dòng)汽車(chē)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,并且通過(guò)對(duì)汽車(chē)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的學(xué)習(xí)和設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐,可以更好的學(xué)習(xí)并掌握現(xiàn)代汽車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)與機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)的全面知識(shí)和技能,所以本題設(shè)計(jì)一款結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)良的輕型貨車(chē)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋具有一定的實(shí)際意義。
本文首先確定主要部件的結(jié)構(gòu)型式和主要設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),在分析驅(qū)動(dòng)橋各部分結(jié)構(gòu)形式、發(fā)展過(guò)程及其以往形式的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,確定了總體設(shè)計(jì)方案,采用傳統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方法對(duì)驅(qū)動(dòng)橋各部件主減速器、差速器、半軸、橋殼進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算并完成校核。最后運(yùn)用AUTOCAD完成裝配圖和主要零件圖的繪制。
關(guān)鍵詞:輕型貨車(chē);驅(qū)動(dòng)橋;單級(jí)主減速器;差速器;半軸;橋殼
3
ABSTRACT
. Pickup trucks take a large proportion of commercial vehicles production, and the drive axle is one of the most important structure. Drive axle is the one of automobile four important assemblies, Its performance directly influence on the entire automobile, especially for the truck .Because using the big power engine with the big driving torque satisfied the need of high speed, heavy-loaded, high efficiency, high benefit today` truck, must exploiting the high driven efficiency single reduction final drive axle is becoming the trucks’ developing tendency. Design a simple, reliable, low cost of the drive axle, can greatly reduce the total cost of vehicle production, and promote the economic development of automobile and automotive drive axle of the study and design practice, can better learn and to master modern automotive design and mechanical design of a comprehensive knowledge and skills, so the title of the fine structure of the design of a pickup vehicle drive axle has a certain practical significance.
In this paper, first of all determine the structure of major components and the main design parameters, the analysis of the various parts of the structure of the bridge drive type, the form of the development process and its advantages and disadvantages of the past, determined on the basis of the design program, using the traditional design method of various parts of the drive axle Main reducer, differential, axle, axle housing was designed to calculate and complete the check. Finally complete the final assembly drawing by using AUTOCAD and mapping the main components.
Keywords: Pickup truck; Drive axle; Single reduction final drive; Differential; Axle; Drive Axle housing
目 錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 選題的背景目的及意義 1
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外驅(qū)動(dòng)橋研究狀況 1
1.3 設(shè)計(jì)主要內(nèi)容和預(yù)期結(jié)果 3
第2章 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的總體方案確定 4
2.1驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的種類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)和設(shè)計(jì)要求 4
2.1.1汽車(chē)車(chē)橋的種類(lèi) 4
2.1.2驅(qū)動(dòng)橋的種類(lèi) 4
2.1.3驅(qū)動(dòng)橋結(jié)構(gòu)組成 4
2.1.4 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋設(shè)計(jì)要求 5
2.2 設(shè)計(jì)車(chē)型主要參數(shù) 5
2.3主減速器結(jié)構(gòu)方案的確定 6
2.3.1 主減速比的計(jì)算 6
2.3.2 主減速器的齒輪類(lèi)型 6
2.3.3 主減速器的減速形式 8
2.3.4 主減速器主從動(dòng)錐齒輪的支承形式及安裝方法 9
2.4 差速器結(jié)構(gòu)方案的確定 10
2.5半軸的形式確定 11
2.6 橋殼形式的確定 12
2.7本章小結(jié) 13
第3章 主減速器設(shè)計(jì) 14
3.1概述 14
3.2主減速器齒輪參數(shù)的選擇與強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 14
3.2.1 主減速器計(jì)算載荷的確定 14
3.2.2 主減速器齒輪參數(shù)的選擇 15
3.2.3 主減速器齒輪強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 18
3.2.4 主減速器軸承計(jì)算 24
3.3主減速器齒輪材料及熱處理 30
3.4主減速器的潤(rùn)滑 30
3.5 本章小結(jié) 31
第4章 差速器設(shè)計(jì) 32
4.1概述 32
4.2對(duì)稱(chēng)式圓錐行星齒輪差速器原理 32
4.3 對(duì)稱(chēng)式圓錐行星齒輪差速器的結(jié)構(gòu) 33
4.4對(duì)稱(chēng)圓錐行星錐齒輪差速器的設(shè)計(jì) 34
4.4.1 差速器齒輪的基本參數(shù)選擇 34
4.4.2 差速器齒輪的幾何尺寸計(jì)算 36
4.4.3 差速器齒輪的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 37
4.4.4 差速器齒輪的材料 39
4.5 本章小結(jié) 39
第5章 半軸設(shè)計(jì) 40
5.1概述 40
5.2半軸的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 40
5.2.1全浮式半軸的計(jì)算載荷的確定 40
5.2.2半軸桿部直徑的初選 42
5.2.3 全浮式半軸強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 42
5.2.4 全浮式半軸花鍵強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 42
5.2.5 半軸材料與熱處理 44
5.3 本章小結(jié) 44
第6章 驅(qū)動(dòng)橋橋殼的設(shè)計(jì) 45
6.1概述 45
6.2橋殼的受力分析及強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 45
6.2.1 橋殼的靜彎曲應(yīng)力計(jì)算 45
6.2.2 在不平路面沖擊載荷作用下橋殼的強(qiáng)度 47
6.2.3 汽車(chē)以最大牽引力行駛時(shí)的橋殼的強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 47
6.2.4 汽車(chē)緊急制動(dòng)時(shí)的橋殼強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 49
6.2.5 汽車(chē)受最大側(cè)向力時(shí)橋殼強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 50
6.3 本章小結(jié) 54
結(jié)論 55
參考文獻(xiàn) 56
致謝 57
附錄A 58
附錄B …………………………………………………………………………………………………64