2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 2 The Olympic Games（含解析）新人教版必修2.doc

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Unit 2　The Olympic Games 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years.They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people，1. (cause) a farreaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives.The traditional Chinese marriage usually 2. (involve) some necessary procedures，such as matchmaking，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. 3. addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this—when a new couple is engaged，4. follows is a 5. (choose) of the date of their marriage. Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends 6. (attend) the wedding.However，quite a few others，especially 7. in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”．The wedding ceremony is usually hosted 8. (warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with 9. unique banquet.Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a 10. (health) baby and so on. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了中國(guó)的婚俗習(xí)慣。 1．causing　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處表示自然而然的結(jié)果，主語(yǔ)They和動(dòng)詞cause之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。 2．involves　解析：考查主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的usually可知，此處表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)The traditional Chinese marriage為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。 3．In　解析：考查固定搭配。in addition為固定搭配，意為“此外，除此之外”。 4．what　解析：考查主語(yǔ)從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用what引導(dǎo)該主語(yǔ)從句。 5．choice　解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的不定冠詞a可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞形式。 6．to attend　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處表示目的，故用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。 7．those　解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處指那些在農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人，表示復(fù)數(shù)，故用代詞those。 8．warmly　解析：考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞hosted，故用副詞形式。 9．a(chǎn)　解析：考查冠詞?？蘸蟮腷anquet為可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指，且unique的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故用不定冠詞a。 10．healthy　解析：考查形容詞?？仗幮揎椇竺娴拿~baby，表示“一個(gè)健康的嬰兒”，故用形容詞healthy。 一．高考單詞→識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用 1．核心詞匯 ①host vt.做東；主辦；招待 n．主人 ②fine vt.罰款 ③charge vt. & vi.收費(fèi)；控訴 n．費(fèi)用；主管 ④bargain vi.討價(jià)還價(jià)；講條件 n．便宜貨 ⑤deserve vi. & vt.應(yīng)受；值得 ⑥r(nóng)eplace vt.取代；替換；代替 replacement n．代替，替換 ⑦pete vi.比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng) petitor n．競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者 petition n．比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng) petitive adj.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的 ⑧admit vt. & vi.容許；承認(rèn)；接納 admission n．準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；承認(rèn)；入場(chǎng)費(fèi) ⑨advertise vt. & vi.做廣告；登廣告 advertisement n．廣告 2．常考詞匯 ①foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的 ②medal n．獎(jiǎng)?wù)?；勛章；紀(jì)念章 ③nowadays adv.現(xiàn)今；現(xiàn)在 ④pain n．疼痛；痛苦 painful adj.痛苦的，(肉體)疼的 ⑤magical adj.巫術(shù)的；魔術(shù)的；有魔力的 magic n．巫術(shù)；魔術(shù) ⑥r(nóng)egular adj.規(guī)則的；定期的；常規(guī)的 regularly adv.規(guī)則地；定期地；常規(guī)地 ⑦athlete n．運(yùn)動(dòng)員；運(yùn)動(dòng)選手 athletics n．體育運(yùn)動(dòng)；競(jìng)技 ⑧responsibility n．責(zé)任；職責(zé) responsible adj.有責(zé)任心的 ⑨swift adj.快的；迅速的 swiftly adv.快速地 ⑩physical adj.物理的；身體的 physics n．物理；物理學(xué) physician n．醫(yī)生，醫(yī)師；內(nèi)科醫(yī)生 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．Benjamin was forced to_admit (admit) what he had been doing.(2017浙江卷) 2．These advertise (advertisement) the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ) 3．Taylor’s swift (swiftly) action helped her teammates calm down.(2017北京卷) 4．We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of what it used to_charge (charge)．(2017江蘇卷) 5．I want to prove that I can be just as good as my petitors (pete)．(2016北京卷) 6．You can produce that kind of magical (magic) quality in your own garden，too.(2016全國(guó)Ⅱ卷) 7．Even chimp mothers regularly (regular) decline to share food with their children.(2016江蘇卷) 8．Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility (responsible), independence, confidence and petence.(2016天津卷) 9．Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical (physics) world in this way.(2016浙江卷) 10．Tall poles，placed in large training areas，teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful (pain) but undeadly electric shock.(2016北京卷) ?含serve的必備動(dòng)詞一覽 ①deserve應(yīng)受，值得 ②observe觀察；遵守 ③preserve保存，保藏 ④reserve保留；預(yù)定 ⑤conserve保存；保護(hù) ?后綴less構(gòu)成的?？夹稳菰~集錦 ①careless粗心的 ②hopeless無(wú)望的 ③doubtless無(wú)疑的 ④helpless無(wú)助的 ⑤restless不安的 ⑥homeless無(wú)家可歸的 ?詞形相近詞對(duì)比記 ①medal n．獎(jiǎng)牌 ②modal n．模型，典型 ③metal n．金屬 ④mental adj.心理的 ?ive結(jié)尾的形容詞集錦 ①active活潑的 ②instructive有教育意義的 ③predictive預(yù)言性的 ④productive多產(chǎn)的 ⑤protective防護(hù)的 ⑥r(nóng)elative有關(guān)的 ⑦representative代表的 ⑧restrictive限制的，約束的 【完形填空】 I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May.I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves.It was such a __2__ and heavenly time. My calm was broken，__3__，as I rounded a curve(拐彎處)．A huge UHaul truck was ing my way several feet over the center line.I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to __4__ it.It was followed by not one but two other UHaul trucks just as __5__.I wondered if all the stuff inside of them __6__ the same person.I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to __7__.It was then that I __8__ a selfstorage business along the side of the highway，building new units for all the people who couldnt fit their __9__ into their houses.I saw a(n)__10__ couple carrying boxes into one of the units.It seemed __11__ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff. I lost my own __12__ for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned.The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing.Yet，our whole family had awakened __13__ to escape.In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet，but none of it seemed as __14__ any more.What was important was seeing Moms smile，giving Nana a hug and a kiss，and watching Dad snooze(打盹) in his chair __15__ a hard days work.What was important was the stuff of __16__，not the stuff of this world.Since then I have tried to limit the things I would __17__.I didnt want too much stuff to __18__ my life.I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning，growing，and __19__ my family and others. I assumed that only by doing so could I make my __20__. 1．A.appreciating　　　B．reflecting C．a(chǎn)dmiring D．releasing 2．A.refreshing B．delightful C．peaceful D．dynamic 3．A.though B．too C．a(chǎn)nyway D．instead 4．A.miss B．reject C．ignore D．desert 5．A.useful B．large C．new D．good 6．A.turned to B．referred to C．reacted to D．belonged to 7．A.beat B．pulse C．a(chǎn)ccelerate D．follow 8．A.noticed B．thought C．did D．established 9．A.furniture B．boxes C．possessions D．materials 10．A.old B．young C．middleaged D．small 11．A.curious B．a(chǎn)pparent C．certain D．obvious 12．A.hope B．talent C．faith D．taste 13．A.in return B．in turn C．in time D．in vain 14．A.affordable B．significant C．beneficial D．practical 15．A.before B．in C．a(chǎn)fter D．during 16．A.mind B．hand C．head D．soul 17．A.purchase B．donate C．waste D．need 18．A.put up B．crowd up C．bring up D．set up 19．A.helping B．a(chǎn)busing C．loving D．a(chǎn)ffecting 20．A.name B．day C．world D．way 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過(guò)講述駕車(chē)途中的所見(jiàn)所感，并聯(lián)想到自己家中曾經(jīng)的火災(zāi)事件對(duì)他自身觀念的影響，由此闡述了自己的感受：世上最重要的東西不是物質(zhì)占有量，而在于精神世界的豐富，只有這樣人才能感到快樂(lè)。 1．B　根據(jù)“the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves”可知，此處意為“樹(shù)葉反射出金色的陽(yáng)光”。reflect“反射”符合語(yǔ)境。appreciate“感激，欣賞”；admire“欽佩，贊賞”；release“釋放，發(fā)行”。 2．C　根據(jù)空前一句中的“smiled”和空后的“heavenly”及下文中的“calm”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)的心情是平靜愉快的，故peaceful符合語(yǔ)境。refreshing“使人精力充沛的”；delightful“討人喜歡的，令人愉快的”；peaceful“平靜的，寧?kù)o的”；dynamic“動(dòng)力的，有活力的”。 3．A　根據(jù)空前的“My calm was broken”可知，空處所在句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故though“可是，不過(guò)”符合語(yǔ)境。too“太，也”；anyway“不管怎樣，無(wú)論如何”；instead“相反”。 4．A　根據(jù)空前一句中的“truck was ing my way several feet over the center line”可知，作者盡量把車(chē)子往路邊開(kāi)來(lái)躲開(kāi)卡車(chē)。miss“避開(kāi)，躲開(kāi)(不好或討厭的事)”；reject“排斥，丟掉”；ignore“忽視，不理睬”；desert“遺棄，丟棄”。 5．B　根據(jù)上文可知，一輛卡車(chē)越過(guò)了中心線幾英尺向作者的方向駛來(lái)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，這輛大卡車(chē)后還跟著另外兩輛同樣大的(large)卡車(chē)，故選B。 6．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者不知道三輛卡車(chē)上的東西是否屬于(belonged to)同一個(gè)人。belong to“屬于”；turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于”；refer to“參考，提到”；react to“對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)”。 7．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者放慢車(chē)速來(lái)平靜心情調(diào)整心率。故follow“跟隨，追趕”符合語(yǔ)境。beat“打敗，拍打”；pulse“跳動(dòng)，搏動(dòng)”；accelerate“加速，增加”。 8．A　該句中的It was then that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，意思是“就在那時(shí)”。作者在平靜心情時(shí)注意到路旁的一個(gè)自助存儲(chǔ)公司。notice“注意到”；establish“建立，創(chuàng)辦”。 9．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這些設(shè)備是為那些無(wú)法把所有物(possessions)存儲(chǔ)到自己的房子里的人而建的。possession“所有物，財(cái)產(chǎn)”符合語(yǔ)境。furniture“家具，設(shè)備”；material“材料”。 10．B　根據(jù)空后一句中的“a couple just out of their teens”可知，此處young“年輕的”符合語(yǔ)境。middleaged“中年的”。 11．A　根據(jù)該句中的“could already have too much stuff(可能已經(jīng)擁有太多的東西)”可知，作者對(duì)此感到奇怪，故curious“稀奇古怪的”符合語(yǔ)境。apparent“顯然的，表面上的”；certain“必然的，有把握的”；obvious“明顯的，顯然的”。 12．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，夜半時(shí)分一場(chǎng)大火燒毀了作者家中的一切，因此作者不再有擁有(很多)東西的興趣(taste)。taste“愛(ài)好，興趣”符合語(yǔ)境。hope“希望”； talent“才能，天資”；faith“信仰，信念”。 13．C　根據(jù)空前的“had awakened”和空后的“escape”可知，作者全家及時(shí)(in time)醒來(lái)逃了出去。in return“作為回報(bào)”；in turn“反過(guò)來(lái)，輪流”；in vain“徒勞”。 14．B　根據(jù)空后的“What was important was”和空前的“none of it”可知，空處所填詞與important意思相同，故significant“重要的，有意義的”符合語(yǔ)境。affordable“買(mǎi)得起的”；beneficial“有益的”；practical“實(shí)用的”。 15．C　根據(jù)生活常識(shí)可知，父親打盹應(yīng)該是在一天的艱辛工作之后(after)。 16．D　根據(jù)空前的“What was important was the stuff of”及空后的“not the stuff of this world”可知，空處所填詞與“this world”形成對(duì)比，再結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為精神世界的豐富更為重要。soul“(人類(lèi)整體的)精神狀況”符合語(yǔ)境。mind“頭腦，智力”。 17．A　根據(jù)上文中的“not the stuff of this world”可知，作者從此努力限制自己購(gòu)買(mǎi)(purchase)東西的數(shù)量。下文中的“buy”亦是提示，故選A。donate“捐贈(zèng)”；waste“浪費(fèi)”；need“需要”。 18．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示作者不想讓太多的物品充斥自己的生活。故crowd up符合語(yǔ)境。put up“張貼，搭建”；bring up“撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育，提出”；set up“建立”。 19．C　根據(jù)空后的“my family and others”可以推斷此處意為“愛(ài)我的家人和他人”，故選C。abuse“濫用”；affect“影響”。 20．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示只有這樣做作者才能開(kāi)心。make sb.s day為固定用法，意為“使某人非常高興”。 二．重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)→識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用 1．動(dòng)詞＋介詞/副詞 ①stand for代表；象征；表示 ②pick up拾起；撿起；用車(chē)接某人 2．動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞 ①take the place of代替…… ②play a role in在……起作用 ③make a bargain with與……達(dá)成協(xié)議 ④take part in參加；參與 3．其他形式 ①in charge主管；看管；負(fù)責(zé) ②apart from除了 ③as well也；又；還 ④one after another一個(gè)接一個(gè)地 ⑤as a matter of fact事實(shí)上 用左欄所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．He made_a_bargain_with his wife，“You do the shopping and I will cook.” 2．But Sarah, who has_taken_part_in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅲ) 3．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand_for specific letters of the alphabet.(2016全國(guó)Ⅰ) 4．Please wait at the school gate. John will pick you up there. 5．Apart_from some spelling mistakes，the position is fairly good. ?“動(dòng)詞＋for”短語(yǔ)小結(jié) ①run for競(jìng)選 ②ask for要求得到 ③wait for等候 ④long for渴望 ⑤stand for代表，表示 ⑥hope/wish for希望得到 ⑦care for關(guān)心，喜歡 ⑧beg for乞求 ?“動(dòng)詞＋out”短語(yǔ)薈萃 ①break out爆發(fā) ②work out計(jì)算出；理解；解決；鍛煉 ③point out指出 ④pick out挑選出 ⑤figure out算出，理解 三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫(xiě)中學(xué)通 背原句 學(xué)句型 練仿寫(xiě) 1.No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! 別的國(guó)家不能參加，奴隸和婦女也不能參加！ “nor/neither＋情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞be＋主語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成倒裝句型。 你不能取消這個(gè)合同，我也不能。 You can’t cancel the contract，nor/neither_can_I. 2.Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and... 婦女不僅允許參加比賽，而且她們還在體操、田徑和團(tuán)體等比賽項(xiàng)目中起著非常重要的作用…… not only...but (also)．..“不僅……而且……”，用來(lái)連接并列成分。 一方面，這不僅有助于我們強(qiáng)身健體，而且反過(guò)來(lái)有助于更高效地學(xué)習(xí)。 For one thing, it not_only_helps_to_build_up_our_physical_health，but_also helps us learn more efficiently in turn. 3.This is important because the more you speak English, the better your English will bee. 這很重要，因?yàn)槟阏f(shuō)英語(yǔ)越多，你的英語(yǔ)水平就越高。 “the＋比較級(jí)(...)，the＋比較級(jí)(...)”意為“越……就越……”。 一般說(shuō)來(lái)，一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在賽前訓(xùn)練得越刻苦，他/她獲勝的可能性就越大。 Generally speaking, the harder an athlete trains before a match, the_more_possible_he/she_will_win. 【七選五】 Traditional Chinese Culture Chinese culture is over 5000 years old.　1　 The spirit of the tea ceremony Xi Hu Long Jing (West Lake Dragon Well) and Yunnan Pu’er have long been world famous.　2　The spirit of the Chinese tea ceremony captures the Chinese attitude towards life and spirituality. These are the things that people all over the world can benefit from. A handful of good tea leaves with some boiling water and a set of lovely tea ware is the perfect way to spend a sunny afternoon and gain some insight into the wisdom of this ancient civilization. 　3　 During the 5,000 years of Chinese civilization, many different flavors, styles, and cuisines(烹飪)have developed based on traditional philosophy and culture. This ancient food culture has had a direct impact on the countries, such as Japan, Mongolia, South Korea, Thailand, and Singapore. It has benefited billions of people around the world through such innovations as Chinese vegetarian culture, tea culture, vinegar, pasta medicated diets, ceramic tableware, and the use of soybeans in the diet. Confucianism has flourished during the last 2,500 of China’s 5,000-year history.　4　This school of thought has had the most profound and long lasting influence in China’s history. Seventy-four Nobel Prize winners and many other highly respected scholars have stated that for the benefit of mankind’s livelihood and development into the next century, these teachings should be promoted and adopted worldwide.　5　 A. Chinese cuisine B. Traditional Chinese culture C. It has been the mainstay of this ancient civilization. D. They are pretty popular due to their superior color and flavor. E. The following three items of traditional Chinese culture have had a worldwide impact. F. This wonderfully rich food culture has also had an impact on Europe, America and Oceania. G. This would provide long lasting benefits for man, helping to ensure a peaceful and happy life. 【備注】文章介紹了三項(xiàng)在世界范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生了重要影響的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。 1.E 【解析】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理。前面敘述到“中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化有5000多年的歷史”，后文具體講述了三個(gè)方面，所以“以下三項(xiàng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化在世界范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生了影響”是承上啟下的作用。故選E。 2.D 【解析】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理。前一句提到“西湖龍井和云南普洱早就聞名世界了”，下面要具體說(shuō)明這兩種茶葉因何而出名。故選D。 3.A 【解析】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理。本段主要介紹了中國(guó)的烹飪。所以，A是段落主題。故選A。 5.G 【解析】考查上下文理解和邏輯推理。根據(jù)前面的內(nèi)容可知，七十位四位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者和許多其他德高望重的學(xué)者都表示，為了造福人類(lèi)的生存和發(fā)展，儒家學(xué)說(shuō)應(yīng)該在世界范圍內(nèi)得到推廣和采用。所以，此處要說(shuō)明其好處，做總結(jié)。故選G。