2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 3 A healthy life（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc

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Unit 3A healthy life【短文語法填空】How would you use a radio or a telephone 1. you had no electricity or batteries?These problems bothered British inventor Trevor Baylis.So in 1996 he 2.(invent) a wind-up(裝有發(fā)條的) radio which doesnt need electricity or batteries.You wind it up 3. hand.It plays for about an hour.Then you wind it up again.After three years,Baylis invented a mobile phone 4. is powered by shoes.The shoes contain a small battery that 5.(power) when you walk.This battery is connected to a mobile phone.These two simple inventions can bring modern 6.(municate) to all parts of the world.Baylis doesnt have 7. university degree in engineering.In fact,he left high school before 8.(graduate).He just loves making things 9.(help) people.He never knows when ideas will e to him.The idea for the mobile phone 10.(sudden) came to him in a dream.答案1.if2.invented3.by4.that/which5.is powered6.munications7.a8.graduating/graduation9.to help10.suddenly(對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P143)一高考單詞識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1核心詞匯_abuse_ n& vt.濫用；虐待stress n壓力；重音 vt.加壓力于；使緊張 _stressful_ adj.產(chǎn)生壓力的；緊張的 _stressed_ adj.焦慮不安的_ban_ vt.& n禁止；取締；禁令；譴責(zé)automatic adj.無意識(shí)的；自動(dòng)的 _automatically_ adv.無意識(shí)地；自動(dòng)地mental adj.精神的；智力的_mentally_ adv.精神上；智力上 _physical_ (反義詞)身體的；肉體的effect n結(jié)果；效力 _effective_ adj.有效的strong adj.強(qiáng)壯的 _strength_ n力量 _strengthen_ vt.加強(qiáng)；變強(qiáng)_desperate_ adj.絕望的；拼命的disappointed adj.失望的；沮喪的_disappointing_ adj.令人失望的 _disappoint_ vt.使失望；使掃興 _disappointment_ n失望；沮喪2?？荚~匯tough adj._困難的，強(qiáng)硬的_abnormal adj._畸形的，異常的_addicted adj._入了迷的；上了癮的_addiction n_沉溺；嗜好_addictive adj._使人上癮的_addict vt._使上癮_n_有癮的人_accustom vt._使習(xí)慣于_accustomed adj._慣常的；習(xí)慣了的_survival n_幸存_prejudice n_偏見；成見_用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully _automatic_ (automatically) driving.(2017天津卷)2One idea is that sleep helps us _strengthen_ (strength) new memories.(2017北京卷)3In a word, the trip will be both _ relaxing_ (relax) and rewarding, which is bound to be a memorable experience for you.(2017北京卷)4The next time youre standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that youll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, dont be _desperate_ (desperately)(2017天津卷)5This observation hints (暗示；線索) that _effective_ (effect) embryonic (胚胎的) learning (胎教) could signal neurological (神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的) strengths of children to parents.(2017江蘇卷)6Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even _tougher_ (tough)(2017浙江卷)7I had grown not only _physically_ (physical)，but also mentally in the past few years.(2017全國(guó)卷)8If you feel _stressed_ (stress) by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify(識(shí)別)those of greater and less importance.(2016全國(guó)卷)“結(jié)果，效果”家族e(cuò)ffect n結(jié)果；效力，影響，作用result n結(jié)果，效果oute n結(jié)果consequence n結(jié)果，后果impact n影響，作用influence n影響，作用后綴en構(gòu)成的必備動(dòng)詞集錦brighten 使發(fā)亮deepen 使加深frighten 使驚恐loosen 放松sharpen 削尖soften 弄軟shorten 縮短strengthen 加強(qiáng)threaten 威脅weaken 減弱以able/ible為后綴的高頻單詞速記acceptable adj.可接受的；受歡迎的accessible adj.容易取得的；容易接近的admirable adj.令人欽佩的；值得贊美的available adj.可利用的；可得到的fortable adj.舒適的；愜意的fashionable adj.流行的；時(shí)髦的courage 相關(guān)單詞一覽courage n勇氣encourage vt. 鼓勵(lì)encouragement n. 鼓勵(lì)encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的discourage vt. 使泄氣discouragement n. 泄氣；灰心“able”家族able adj.能夠的ability n. 能力disabled adj. 傷殘的disability n. 傷殘；無力【完形填空】Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade.She wasnt my _1_；she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡邏隊(duì))on which I _2_.I loved being around her and _3_ her sense of humor and kind personality.She was _4_ a good listener.At the end of the year，she _5_ that she was moving to Florida，and I was very sad.We exchanged _6_ and became pen pals.I could tell her _7_，and she treated me _8_ respect even though I was a teenager.In Florida，Mrs.Freeman became a Realtor(房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人), _9_ she managed to find time to write letters.She wrote _10_ stories and always took my concerns _11_.She had given me a(n) _12_ invitation to visit，and I missed her so much.When I _13_ to take her up on the _14_ ，she answered，“Get your shoes on and your bags _15_ ！You are wele anytime！”I spent three weeks with her in Miami.Her _16_ of poetry，music，and creative writing _17_ me to follow these endeavors(努力)One day _18_ hanging sheets on the clothesline，she _19_ and said，“You know，the sky is fuel for the soul.”I had never looked at the _20_ before hearing those words.Two years later，I received a call that Mrs.Freeman had passed away.1A.mother BfriendCclassmate Dteacher2A.served BadvisedCexpected Dled3A.shared BenjoyedCimagined Dfound4A.never BjustCstill Dalso5A.knew BannouncedCthought Drealized6A.addresses BgiftsCviews Droles7A.many BmuchCeverything Dsomething8A.in BasCwith Dto9A.so BbutCor Dfor10A.amusing BdifferentCemotional Dordinary11A.immediately BcarefullyCseriously Dprivately12A.urgent BluckyCambiguous Dopen13A.decided BhesitatedCwrote Dhurried14A.offer BpromiseCexcuse Dmessage15A.bought BfoundCfilled Dpacked16A.love BdreamCsense Dfeeling17A.persuaded BencouragedCforced Dallowed18A.before BonceCwhile Dafter19A.looked over Blooked outClooked up Dlooked down20A.clouds BflowersCpeople Dhouses【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者在中學(xué)期間和一名英語老師之間的故事?！竞诵脑~匯】adviser n顧問pen pal筆友concern n擔(dān)心的事，關(guān)切的事1D根據(jù)上文中的“Mildred Webinga Freeman was an English teacher at the new middle school I attended in the ninth grade”和空后的“she was the adviser to the safety patrol(巡邏隊(duì))”可推知，Mildred Webinga Freeman不是作者的老師(teacher)，下文中的“and became pen pals”也是提示。2A根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)也在巡邏隊(duì)里。serve“為工作”。3B根據(jù)空前的“I loved being around her”可知，作者喜歡(enjoyed)老師的幽默感和善良的品質(zhì)。4D根據(jù)上文中的“an English teacher”和“the adviser”可知，本句是對(duì)這位老師身份的補(bǔ)充說明。她也(also)是一個(gè)好的傾聽者。5B根據(jù)語境可知，老師宣布(announced)了一個(gè)消息，她要搬到佛羅里達(dá)州了，作者感到很傷心。6A根據(jù)上文中的“At the end of the year, she _5_ that she was moving to Florida”和空后的“and became pen pals”可推知，作者和老師互換了地址(addresses)，成了筆友。7C根據(jù)上文中的“and became pen pals”與空后的“she treated me _8_ respect even though I was a teenager”可推知，作者與老師無話不談，這與上文作者樂于和老師相處的背景呼應(yīng)。故選C。8C固定搭配：treat sb.with sth.意為“以某種態(tài)度/方式對(duì)待某人”，符合語境，故選C。9B根據(jù)空后的“she managed to find time to write letters”可推知，上下文表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B。10A根據(jù)上文中的“I loved being around her and _3_ her sense of humor and kind personality”可推知，老師很幽默，總是給作者講一些好笑的(amusing)故事。11Ctake sb./sth.seriously為固定搭配，意為“認(rèn)真對(duì)待某人/某事”。老師認(rèn)真對(duì)待作者所關(guān)切的事情。12D根據(jù)下文中的“You are wele anytime”可推知，老師歡迎作者隨時(shí)來訪，an open invitation為習(xí)語，意為“隨時(shí)可以來訪的邀請(qǐng)”，符合語境，故選D。urgent“急迫的”；ambiguous“模棱兩可的”。13C根據(jù)上文中的“We exchanged _6_ and became pen pals”可推知，作者寫信(wrote)告訴老師，他接受她的提議(offer)。14A參見上題解析。offer“提供，提議”。15D因?yàn)樽髡咭タ赐蠋煟虼死蠋熃ㄗh作者收拾行李(packed)，隨時(shí)歡迎作者的到來。16A老師對(duì)詩(shī)歌、音樂和文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的熱愛(love)激勵(lì)(encouraged)著作者去努力。17B參見上題解析。18C一天，當(dāng)老師正在把床單掛在曬衣繩上的時(shí)候，她抬頭看(looked up)到了天空而有所感悟。while“當(dāng)時(shí)”。19C參見上題解析。20A根據(jù)上文中的“You know, the sky is fuel for the soul”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，當(dāng)時(shí)老師看了天空，此處指的應(yīng)是天上的云(clouds)。二重點(diǎn)短語識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1動(dòng)詞介詞/副詞decide _on_ 對(duì)作出決定get _into_ 陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)throw _away_ 扔掉2be形容詞tobe addicted _to_ 對(duì)有癮be accustomed _to_ 習(xí)慣于be likedly _to_ 可能3介詞名詞_at_ risk 處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn)4其他形式due _to_ 由于feel _like_ (doing) 想要(做)in spite _of_ 不顧；不管用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so _were_ more _likely_ to break the speed limit and be _at risk_ of getting fined.(2017全國(guó)卷)2Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important.Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person _feel like_ part of the“in group.”(2016浙江卷)3Were _accustomed to_ having one thing in our pocket to do all these things.(2013福建卷)4He unfortunately passed away last year _due to_ his cancer.(2015江蘇卷)5Some students _are addicted to_ playing puter games and some often cheat in the exams.(2015廣東卷)6“Have you _decided on_ a date for your wedding？”the girls mother asked.“be過去分詞to”必備短語一覽be accustomed to 習(xí)慣于be devoted to 獻(xiàn)身于，專心于be opposed to 反對(duì)，不贊成be related to 與有關(guān)be used to 習(xí)慣于be reduced to (某人)淪落為be limited to 限制于be addicted to 對(duì)有癮get構(gòu)成的必備短語薈萃get in touch with 與取得聯(lián)系get into the habit of 養(yǎng)成/染上的習(xí)慣get into a panic 陷入恐慌get on 上車；穿上；進(jìn)步get on/upon with 進(jìn)步；相處；在方面獲得成功get off 送走；脫下(衣服)；下車；動(dòng)身“因?yàn)?，由于”的多種表達(dá)due to由于；因?yàn)閎ecause of 由于；因?yàn)閛wing to 由于；因?yàn)閠hanks to 多虧；由于as a result of 由于的結(jié)果on account of 由于三佳句選粹在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫1.As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it automatically.你知道，如果你反反復(fù)復(fù)地做同一件事，你就會(huì)自動(dòng)地做它。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。正如我們知道的，除了美味的水餃，敬老院的老人也需要溫暖和關(guān)愛。_As we know_，besides tasty dumplings，what elderly people in the nursing home also need is warmth and care.2.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的確希望如此，因?yàn)槲蚁胱屇愫臀乙粯踊畹媒】甸L(zhǎng)壽。(1)“do動(dòng)詞原形”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)“asadj.a(n)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞as.”結(jié)構(gòu)。盡管戒煙對(duì)我父親很難，但最終他確實(shí)戒掉了。It was very difficult for my father to quit smoking，but in the end he _did manage it_.事實(shí)上，戒掉一個(gè)壞習(xí)慣付出的努力與養(yǎng)成一個(gè)好習(xí)慣是一樣的。As a matter of fact，getting rid of a bad habit is _as much an effort as_ forming a good one.3.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.只有當(dāng)疾病發(fā)展成艾滋病時(shí)，他才開始看上去有病。It is.that.為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。正是當(dāng)我到達(dá)電影院后我才意識(shí)到我把電影票忘在家里了。_It was when I arrived at the cinema that_ I realized I had left my ticket at home.【短文改錯(cuò)】With the development of science and technology，intelligent robots will be wide used in the future. At home，robots will help people do some housework and taking care of the elderly，babies and patients.In addition to these task，robots will even be able to play the chess and do exercise with people.In factories，robots will be used to perform some dangerous jobs avoid accidents.Robots will change our future life by many ways，what will make it more colorful and fortable.Therefore，we shouldnt depend on intelligent robots too much，for they were made to help humans rather than replace us.As helpers of we humans，robots should be used properly.【答案】With the development of science and technology，intelligent robots will be used in the future. At home，robots will help people do some housework and care of the elderly，babies and p atients.In addition to these ，robots will even be able to play chess and do exercise with people.In factories，robots will be used to perform some dangerous jobs avoid accidents.Robots will change our future life many ways， will make it more colorful and fortable.，we shouldnt depend on intelligent robots too much，for they made to help humans rather than replace us.As helpers of humans，robots should be used properly.第一處：widewidely?？疾楦痹~。修飾動(dòng)詞，故用副詞。wide也可作副詞，意為“盡可能廣地”，不符合語境。第二處：takingtake?？疾楣潭ㄓ梅?。根據(jù)該句中的“help people do some housework and”可知，此處應(yīng)用原形；help sb.(to) do sth.為固定用法。第三處：tasktasks。考查名詞的數(shù)。task為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)該詞前的these可知，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。第四處：刪除the?？疾楣谠~。play chess為固定用法，意為“下象棋”；棋類名詞前不用冠詞。第五處：jobs后加to?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式。在工廠里，機(jī)器人將被用于執(zhí)行危險(xiǎn)任務(wù)，以避免事故。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。第六處：byin。考查介詞。in many ways意為“在很多方面”。第七處：whatwhich。考查關(guān)系代詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，且先行詞為ways，故用which引導(dǎo)該定語從句。第八處：ThereforeHowever?？疾楦痹~。上句說，機(jī)器人將改變我們未來的生活，使我們的生活多彩而舒適；該句說，我們不能過度依賴智能機(jī)器人；據(jù)此可知，兩句間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用However。第九處：wereare?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。機(jī)器人是被用來幫助人類的，而不是來代替人類的。該句陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。第十處：weus。考查代詞。of后接賓語，故用賓格us。