2019高考英語 詞匯（27）練習(xí)（含解析）.doc

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詞匯（27） 復(fù)習(xí)：1、核心單詞2、重點(diǎn)短語3、寫作句式4、我讀我練（詞匯應(yīng)用、句式仿寫） 【單句單詞語法填空】 1．To my delight，I ________(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. 答案：was chosen　主語I與choose之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系；再由語境可知，choose的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，故要用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：令我高興的是，我被從數(shù)百名參與者中選中參加開幕式。 2．-- Where is Peter？I cant find him anywhere. —He went to the library after breakfast and ________(write) his essay there ever since. 答案：has been writing　由句子中的時(shí)間狀語ever since可知，本句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)或者現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。由語境可知，write動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行，要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——皮特呢？我到處找不到他。——他早飯后去圖書館了。自那之后就一直在那兒寫文章。 3．(2015江蘇，30改編)The real reason why prices________(be), and still are，too high is plex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. 答案：were　根據(jù)語境，prices...still are，too high，推出前一空是想說明prices過去也高。故用過去式。該題中still是關(guān)鍵。句意：價(jià)格過去高，現(xiàn)在仍舊太高的原因很復(fù)雜，短暫的討論是不能令人滿意地解釋這個(gè)問題的。 4．(2015四川成都七中段考改編)The young firefighter insisted that he ________(be) wellprepared and ________(send) there to put out the fire. 答案：was；(should) be sent　句意為：那位年輕的消防員堅(jiān)持說他準(zhǔn)備好了，并且堅(jiān)持要去那里救火。當(dāng)insist意為“堅(jiān)持說；堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)用陳述語氣，故第一空填was；當(dāng)insist意為“堅(jiān)持”時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”，又因?yàn)閒irefighter與send之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填(should) be sent。 5．(2015浙江金華十校聯(lián)考改編)Many parents dont want to face it, but the world today is a lot different than it ________(be) in their school days. 答案：was　句意為：(盡管)許多父母不愿意去面對(duì)，但今天的世界與他們?cè)趯W(xué)校的歲月已大不相同。根據(jù)語境及時(shí)間狀語in their school days可知用一般過去時(shí)。 核心單詞 1.statistics n.　　　　 統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字，統(tǒng)計(jì)資料，統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) 2.status n. 身份，地位；情形，狀況 3.steady adj. 穩(wěn)的，平穩(wěn)的，穩(wěn)固的 4.steep adj. 險(xiǎn)峻的； 陡峭的 5.straightforward adj. 簡單的，坦率的 　　　　　 adv. 坦率地 6.stranger n. 陌生人，外人 7.struggle n. 斗爭，掙扎 　　　v. 斗爭；奮斗；掙扎 8.stubborn adj. 固執(zhí)的，倔強(qiáng)的 9.studio n. 工作室，演播室 10.submit vt. 呈送，提交；主張，建議 　　　vi. 聽從，屈服(與to連用) 11.subscribe v. 訂閱，訂購(書、報(bào)刊等)(to)；捐助，贊助；簽署 12.substitute n. [C] 代替品，代替者(for) 　　　　vt.& vi. 代替，取代 13.succeed vi. 成功 14.suffering n. 痛苦，苦難 15.sunlight n. 日光，陽光 16.sunny adj. 晴朗的；陽光充足的 17.sunrise n. 黎明，拂曉 18.sunset n. 日落(時(shí)分) 19.sunshine n. 陽光 20.super adj. 頂好的，超級(jí)的 21.superb adj. 卓越的，質(zhì)量極高的 22.superior adj. 更勝一籌的 　　　　n. 上級(jí)，上司 23.supermarket n. 超級(jí)市場 24.supply vt.& n. 供給，供應(yīng) 25.support vt.& n. 支持，贊助 重點(diǎn)短語 1.point of view 觀點(diǎn) point out 指出 point to 指向 to the point 中肯；切題 on the point of 正要……的時(shí)候 2.put away 放好；收起來 put down 記下；平息 put out 撲滅；出版 put on 穿上；上演；增加 put off 延期；拖延 put through 完成；接通電話 put forward 提出建議；撥快(鐘等) put aside 節(jié)??；儲(chǔ)蓄；儲(chǔ)存 put in 加入，放入 put up 舉起；建造；張貼；公布；投宿 put up with (＝stand/bear) 忍受 3.reach out　　　　　　　　　　 伸出(手)，伸手拿 reach out one’s hand for sth 伸手拿某物 within sb’s reach ＝ within the reach of sb 某人手夠得到的地方；在某人能力范圍之內(nèi) 【閱讀理解】 Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the days events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isnt accumulating memories a way of preserving the past? When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen... At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary. Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often only of objects I find really beautiful. Im no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future. I dont want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I wont have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe Ill forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I dont live to make memories--I just live, and the memories form themselves. 1.Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ________. A. observing her school routine B. expressing her satisfaction C. impressing her classmates D. preserving her history 2.What caused a change in the authors understanding of keeping a diary? A.A dull night on the journey. B. The beauty of the great valley. C.A striking quotation from a book. D. Her concerns for future generations. 3.What does the author put in her diary now? A. Notes and beautiful pictures. B. Special thoughts and feelings. C. Detailed accounts of daily activities. D. Descriptions of unforgettable events. 4.The author es to realize that to live a meaningful life is ________. A.to experience it B.to live the present in the future C.to make memories D.to give accurate representations of it 【文章大意】作者曾經(jīng)把寫日記看作保留過去的一種方式，一次山谷旅行的經(jīng)歷讓作者對(duì)日記的理解發(fā)生了變化，現(xiàn)在作者認(rèn)識(shí)到過有意義的生活就是體驗(yàn)生活，而不是記錄生活。 1.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isnt accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?”可知，13歲以前，作者把寫日記看作保留過去的一種方式。 3.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I”可知，現(xiàn)在作者在日記中加入了自己特殊的想法和感情。 4.A 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.”可知，作者認(rèn)為過有意義的生活就是體驗(yàn)生活，而不是記錄生活。 寫作句式 非謂語動(dòng)詞做定語 1.(2015北京高考書面表達(dá))It offers teenagers, like you and me, a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. 它給像你和我一樣的青少年提供了一個(gè)享受運(yùn)動(dòng)和了解中國文化的機(jī)會(huì)。 2.(2016北京高考書面表達(dá))A week before Earth Day, a big poster was put up on campus, calling upon us students to take action for a greener earth. 在“地球日”前的一周，我們校園里就貼出了大海報(bào)，號(hào)召我們學(xué)生為建立一個(gè)更加環(huán)保的地球而行動(dòng)起來。 3.(2016全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))I am writing to tell you that I can’t go to the bookstore with you at our appointed time. 我寫信是想告訴你， 我不能按我們約好的時(shí)間陪你逛書店了。 我讀我練 Ⅰ.詞匯應(yīng)用 1.They are pushing ahead with their new plan despite the lack of the support(支持) from the government. 2.His father is a very stubborn(固執(zhí)的) person.Once he decides to do something, you can never change his mind. 3.His good health is a witness to the success(succeed) of the treatment. 4.The civil war of Syria has brought great sufferings (suffer) to tens of thousands of people. 5.They are to __put__forward(將……提前) the date of our meeting by one month. 6.He reached__out(伸出) his right hand for a book on the shelf above his head. Ⅱ.句式仿寫 1.所以這是一個(gè)利用你拍攝的圖片吸引人們關(guān)注環(huán)保問題的好機(jī)會(huì)。 (2016全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))So it_is_a_good_chance_to_attract_people’s__attention_to the environmental problems with your photos. 2.人們期待著從全國各地挑選出來的運(yùn)動(dòng)員能在今年夏季的賽事中給我們帶來榮譽(yù)。 The players __selected__from__the__whole__country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 3.連同你的創(chuàng)意作品，你還需要交一份報(bào)告，說明你的創(chuàng)意和所使用的材料。 (2014遼寧高考書面表達(dá))Along with your wonderful innovation, you need to hand in a report, explaining__how__the__idea__occurs__to__you and what materials you use. 【練習(xí)】 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2018福州市高三畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性練習(xí)) Dear Ben， As graduation is draw near，Id like to express my sincere gratitude to you for your kind. In the last three years，you had shared my joys and sorrows，making my school life unforgettable.I remember very much that you sent me to hospital when I had my left leg break.During the days when I had to stay in the bed，you forted me and helped me my lessons.It is your friendship which fills my life with sunshine.I hope my friendship will last forever and I also hope all your dreams will e truly in the future. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Ben， As graduation is near，Id like to express my sincere gratitude to you for your . In the last three years，you shared my joys and sorrows，making my school life unforgettable.I remember very that you sent me to hospital when I had my left leg .During the days when I had to stay in bed，you forted me and helped me my lessons.It is your friendship fills my life with sunshine.I hope friendship will last forever and I also hope all your dreams will e in the future. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 第一處：draw改為drawing?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：隨著畢業(yè)的臨近，我想對(duì)你的善意表示由衷的感激。根據(jù)語境可知，該處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 第二處：kind改為kindness。考查名詞。根據(jù)形容詞性物主代詞“your”可知，該處用名詞形式。 第三處：had改為have。考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句的時(shí)間狀語“In the last three years”可知，此處表示動(dòng)作從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能延續(xù)下去，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：在過去的三年時(shí)間里，你分享了我的快樂和憂傷，讓我的學(xué)校生活令人難忘。 第四處：much改為well?？疾楦痹~。句意：我清楚地記得，當(dāng)我的左腿受傷時(shí)，你將我送到醫(yī)院。由句意可知，該處表示“清楚地記得”，故將much改為well。 第五處：break改為broken?？疾檫^去分詞。leg和動(dòng)詞break之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用have sth.done結(jié)構(gòu)，故用過去分詞。 第六處：刪除the?？疾楣谠~。in bed為固定用法，意為“臥病在床”，故刪除the。 第七處：在my前加with?？疾榻樵~。句意：在我不得不臥病在床的那些天里，你安慰我并幫我補(bǔ)習(xí)功課。help sb.with lessons為固定搭配，意為“幫助某人補(bǔ)習(xí)功課”，故在my前加with。 第八處：which改為that?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：是你的友誼讓我的生命充滿了陽光。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是“your friendship”，故將which改為that。 知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is(was)＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that (who)＋句子的其他成分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語，賓語，表語或狀語。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語如果是人，可以由who代替that。 第九處：my改為our。考查代詞。句意：我希望我們的友誼長存，我還希望你所有的夢(mèng)想在將來都成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知，該處表示“我們的友誼”，故應(yīng)用our。 第十處：truly改為true。考查形容詞。e true為固定搭配，意為“成為現(xiàn)實(shí)”，e在此處為系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞。