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河南理工大學(xué)萬(wàn)方科技學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文
摘 要
旋轉(zhuǎn)超聲加工是集傳統(tǒng)超聲加工與磨粒磨削加工為一體的復(fù)合加工,是加工硬脆性材料的一種有效方法,具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。然而,通過(guò)大量文獻(xiàn)的閱讀及實(shí)際的調(diào)查研究發(fā)現(xiàn),國(guó)內(nèi)目前還沒(méi)有生產(chǎn)完善的旋轉(zhuǎn)超聲加工機(jī)床,超聲加工的技術(shù)也遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)滯后于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的水平。
現(xiàn)今超聲加工的工藝效果十分顯著,國(guó)內(nèi)外不斷將超聲加工與普通加工方式相結(jié)合應(yīng)用,取得了較好的效果。超聲加工具有較好的表面質(zhì)量,不會(huì)產(chǎn)生表面燒傷和表面變質(zhì)層。我們提出將超聲加工與旋風(fēng)銑削相結(jié)合來(lái)加工螺紋,在普通旋風(fēng)銑削的裝置的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)的改進(jìn)并加以超聲裝置,形成一套新的復(fù)合式的工藝裝備,并仍與普通機(jī)床配套使用,不失其安裝使用的靈活性??梢钥闯?,改進(jìn)后的超聲旋風(fēng)銑削裝置可以彌補(bǔ)普通冷切削加工的不足,尤其適宜硬脆等難加工材料的加工,顯著提高螺紋的加工質(zhì)量。
關(guān)鍵字:旋風(fēng)銑 超聲 螺紋 變幅桿
Abstract
Rotary ultrasonic machining is a hybrid machining process which combines thematerial removal mechanisms of conventional ultrasonic machining (CUSM) and diamondgrinding. It is not limited by the electrical or chemical characteristics of the workpiecematerials. Thus it has been proved to be a promising and cost-effective machining methodfor hard and brittle materials, such as engineering ceramic, glass, stone, which has beenwidely used in many fields such as electronics, metallurgy, chemistry industry, machine,energy power, aviation and space flight.
Effect of ultrasonic machining process is very significant, domestic and abroad constantly ultrasonic machining processing methods combined with general application and achieved good results. Ultrasonic machining has good surface quality, does not produce surface burns and surface modification layer. We propose to ultrasound processing and integration to process Whirling threads, in general whirlwind milling devices based on the structure of improvement, and ultrasonic devices to form a new compound technology and equipment, and is still supporting the use of ordinary tools ,flexibility of installation and use is also very good. So that, the improved ultrasound equipment can make up ordinary Whirling cold cutting low, particularly suitable for processing hard and brittle materials such as hard processing, significantly improving the quality of thread processing.
Keyword:Whirlwind milling Ultrasound Screw thread
ultrasonic horn
前 言 1
1 緒論 3
1.1本課題來(lái)源及研究意義 3
1.2 課題目前研究現(xiàn)狀 4
2 超聲加工及旋風(fēng)銑的基本介紹 7
2.1超聲波及其特性 7
2.2超聲加工基本原理 9
2.3 旋風(fēng)銑加工的基本介紹 12
2.3.2旋風(fēng)銑削加工螺紋的特點(diǎn) 14
2.3.3 旋風(fēng)銑削裝置介紹 15
2.4 典型螺紋類工件的加工情況 17
3 超聲旋風(fēng)銑加工工藝 22
3.1 普通蝸桿方法加工的工藝 22
3.1.1 零件工藝性分析 22
3.1.2 毛坯選擇 23
3.1.3 設(shè)計(jì)毛坯圖 25
3.1.4機(jī)械工藝路線確定 26
3.1.5 定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇 28
3.1.6 設(shè)備及其工藝裝備確定 28
3.1.7 車切削用量、工時(shí)定額確定 29
3.2按旋風(fēng)銑削加工方法進(jìn)行的蝸桿加工 32
4 超聲加工裝置設(shè)計(jì) 34
4.1 超聲加工裝置的主要組成 34
4.1.1 超聲波發(fā)生器 34
4.1.2 超聲換能器 36
4.2 超聲振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 38
4.3 超聲變幅桿的設(shè)計(jì) 39
4.3.1 超聲變幅桿 39
4.3.2變幅桿材料的選擇 42
4.3.3 變幅桿參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì) 43
4 4 1 變幅桿與換能器的連接與固定 52
4.4 2 變幅桿的固定 53
5 裝置的設(shè)計(jì)與選用 55
5.1 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 55
5.2 V帶傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì) 56
5.3 花鍵軸的設(shè)計(jì) 58
5.5 各裝置設(shè)計(jì) 60
5.5.1刀體和刀頭設(shè)計(jì) 60
5.5.2 超聲加工主軸設(shè)計(jì) 61
5.5.3 旋風(fēng)銑裝置整體設(shè)計(jì) 62
5.5.4安裝于機(jī)床后示意圖 63
致謝 64
參考文獻(xiàn) 65
IV