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Unit 2 Part 1 Language Skills Development1. StarterA. Look at the following pictures. Think over these questions.1. What ways of getting rich do these pictures suggest?Reference answer：The four pictures represent four different ways of getting rich. The first picture suggests that one can get rich quick by buying stocks. The second picture shows that people can become rich through inheritance of fortunes, either of their own parents, or of some wealthy persons. The third picture indicates that marriage could be a passport to the kingdom of wealth. That is to say, a man or a woman could be a rich person if his or her spouse is rich. The fourth picture tells people that lotteries make millionaires.2. Which do you think is the quickest way to get rich?Reference answer：All these four methods of getting rich quick could turn a penniless guy into a millionaire overnight, but it seems to me that winning a lottery is the quickest way of making people rich. Just pay a dollar or two and you could become a rich person overnight! But on the other hand, such an opportunity is very rare.B. Listen to the story Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves (Part 1) and answer the following questions.1. What were the magic words used to open and close the cave? They were Open, Sesame! and Shut, Sesame!.2. What did Ali Baba find in the cave? He found rich silks and carpets, gold and silver ware, and great bags of gold.3. What did Ali Baba take from the cave? Many of the bags of gold.Tapescript: Ali Baba and the Forty ThievesIn a town in Persia there lived a poor woodcutter named Ali Baba. One day, Ali Baba was working deep in the forest. Suddenly he heard the noise of many horses. He tied up his two mules behind some high rocks. Then he climbed into a tall tree to hide.From up high in the tree, Ali Baba saw forty men on forty horses. Each man wore a saber and a dagger in his belt. They looked very fierce. Ali Baba could see at once that they were thieves.The forty thieves dismounted in front of a huge rock, and one, who seemed to be captain, said, Open, Sesame! And a door flew open in the rock. Then they all went inside and the door closed behind them.Ali Baba could hardly believe what he had seen! He did not dare to climb down from his treethe thieves might come out at any moment and find him. He waited a long time.At last the door opened, and the forty thieves came out. Their captain said, Shut, Sesame! The door closed, and the forty thieves rode away.Mind Map Persian.波斯（現(xiàn)稱伊朗）mule n.騾子dismountvi.下馬，下（自行、摩托）車sesame n.芝麻When they were out of sight Ali Baba came down from the tree. He walked up to the huge rock and said, Open, Sesame! The door at once opened, and Ali Baba stepped inside. He found himself in a large cave, lighted from a hole in the top, and full of all kinds of treasurerich silks and carpets, gold and silver ware, and great bags of gold. He loaded his two mules with as many of the bags of gold as they could carry, and, after closing the door by saying, Shut, Sesame! made his way home.2. TextInfo Box 1. Mark EdgemonMark Edgemon has been writing for 30 years. He writes and publishes short stories, articles, poetry and scripts, as well as, produces audio comedy productions for over 700 radio stations nationwide. The works of Mark Edgemon can be found at http:/www.all-creatures.org/stories/edgemon.html. 2. The Egyptian PyramidThe Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry (磚石結(jié)構(gòu)) structures located in Egypt. There are over 100 pyramids in Egypt. Most were built as tombs for the countrys Pharaohs (the rulers who were the religious and political leaders of ancient Egypt) and their consorts (配偶) during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods. The best known Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built.The shape of Egyptian pyramids is thought to represent the primordial (原始的) mound from which the Egyptians believed the earth was created. The shape is also thought to be representative of the descending rays of the sun, and most pyramids were faced with polished, highly reflective white limestone (石灰石), in order to give them a brilliant appearance when viewed from a distance.The Egyptians believed the dark area of the night sky around which the stars appear to revolve was the physical gateway into the heaven. One of the narrow shafts that extend from the main burial chamber through the entire body of the Great Pyramid points directly towards the center of this part of the sky. This suggests the pyramid may have been designed to serve as a means to magically launch the deceased Pharaohs soul directly into the abode (住所) of the gods.All Egyptian pyramids were built on the west bank of the Nile, which as the site of the setting sun was associated with the realm of the dead in Egyptian mythology.3. Egypt and AsyutEgypt is a country mainly in North Africa, covering an area of about 1,010,000 square kilometers. Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization and some of the worlds most famous monuments, including the pyramid complex and the Great Sphinx (獅身人面像). Egypt is widely regarded as an important political and cultural nation of the Middle East.Asyut is the capital of the modern Asyut Governorate, Egypt. The city of Asyut has almost 400,000 inhabitants. It is home to the University of Asyut, one of the largest universities in Egypt.Every Orifice Needs a Stone by Mark Edgemon每個(gè)小孔都需要一顆寶石1 Getting rich quick is nice if you can do it, but the phrase usually implies acquiring great sums of wealth with very little effort. If that is the method of study, I wouldnt hold your breath. 2 However, if that werent a popular notion, millions of dollars wouldnt roll in every time there was a lottery somewhere. 3 An Egyptian archeological exhibit was touring through town with many interesting artifacts for the public to see. One in particular, was an ancient document believed to uncover a mysterious formula for acquiring wealth. 4 Having read about this ancient document in the early edition of the local newspaper, John Holiday borrowed his neighbors camera for the purpose of taking a snapshot of the document, so he could study it later. 5 After getting a very clear image of the document, he went to the library and started reading books on ancient languages that are now dead. Strangely enough, John had a hidden talent for languages. He never developed this or any other talent, because he was lazy. He would always look for the easy way to do everything he had to do in life. However in this case, a shot at sudden wealth was too much of an incentive for him to pass up. 6 In a few hours, he figured out the code of the language and began to decipher the ancient text. It told of a statue, thousands of years old, in the central part of Egypt, hidden in a cave miles from a large pyramid. The text stated that the statue had eight orifices and that the seeker of wealth must place precious gems in each of the holes in the statue. The gems had to be cut in a special way and inserted in a specific manner. 7 A clear diamond was to be inserted into the mouth of the statue, a deep blue sapphire into the right eye socket, a bright red ruby into the left eye socket, a white pearl into the left ear, a rare pink topaz into the right ear, a black onyx into the left nostril, a green emerald into the right nostril, and a purple amethyst into the navel. 8 The meaning was unclear why this was to be done, but John just wanted to become wealthy, so he didnt care. After extensive research, John determined it would cost approximately 1.2 million dollars to acquire the gems and passage to Egypt. It took him five years to diligently create a business and generate that large sum of money. 9 Once he had the funds, he purchased the gems and a ticket to the ancient city of Asyut. Once there, he spent months locating the pyramid and the cave that the Egyptian document had alluded to. Once in the cave, it only took a few minutes to locate the statue that the ancient manuscript had described. 10 He wasted no time inserting the precious stones into each hole of the statue. Right before his eyes, the eight gems turned to stone, filling the holes, leaving no trace where the holes used to be. 11 With great disbelief, he stared at his investment of valuable gems, now turned to stones, and wondered what it all meant. Just then, at the foot of the statue, he noticed an inscription, which he could now decipher, which read, Any fool can create wealth, but only the wise know what to do with it. 12 Was that it? John was terribly disappointed and felt he had been on a fools errand for the last five years. He returned home and resumed his business, where he continued to expand the company he founded, originally for the purpose of buying the jewels for the statue. 13 One night, as he sat in his new apartment in the affluent side of town, he took a look once again at the photograph of the ancient document that had started his quest for wealth and noticed, for the first time, an inscription at the bottom that he needed a magnifying glass to read. The inscription read, If one achieves this quest, they will have transformed their mind by the use of their faith and will from then on have the power to overcome in all things and nothing will be impossible to them. 14 As John looked around his luxury apartment and remembered once having trouble paying his rent just five short years earlier, he realized that the 1.2 million dollars he shelled out that started this adventure was a really great investment!1 一夜暴富當(dāng)然不錯(cuò)。但這常常意味著大量財(cái)富唾手可得。如果想以此致富的話，我認(rèn)為希望渺茫。 2 然而，這種想法非常普遍，否則每次彩票抽獎(jiǎng)也就不會(huì)有數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的美元滾滾而來(lái)。 3 城里正在巡展古埃及文物，許多有趣的手工藝品讓公眾大飽眼福。尤其是其中一份古埃及文獻(xiàn)，被認(rèn)為揭示了獲取財(cái)富的神秘方法。4 在當(dāng)?shù)氐脑鐖?bào)上讀到這則新聞之后，約翰霍利戴便從鄰居家借來(lái)了相機(jī)，以便拍下這份文獻(xiàn)，供日后研究。 5 拍了一張十分清晰的文獻(xiàn)照片之后，他便前往圖書館，開(kāi)始閱讀有關(guān)現(xiàn)已消亡的古代語(yǔ)言的書籍。奇怪的是，約翰居然在語(yǔ)言上有潛在的天賦。他從來(lái)沒(méi)有開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)自己的語(yǔ)言或者其他的天賦，因?yàn)樗軕卸瑁还苁裁词露枷矚g走捷徑。但是，一夜暴富對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)極具誘惑，是一次不能放過(guò)的機(jī)會(huì)。 6 他花了幾小時(shí)就弄清楚了這種語(yǔ)言代碼，并開(kāi)始解讀這份古文獻(xiàn)。這份文獻(xiàn)說(shuō)，埃及中部有一座上千年的雕像，藏在距一座大金字塔幾英里的洞穴中，還說(shuō)這座雕像身上有8個(gè)小孔，尋寶者必須把珍貴寶石放進(jìn)每個(gè)小孔中，這些寶石還必須按照特別的方式切割，然后以特定的方式嵌入. 7 雕像的嘴里要塞入一塊透明的鉆石，右眼眶要填進(jìn)一塊深藍(lán)色的藍(lán)寶石，左眼眶要放入一塊明亮的紅寶石，左耳要塞入一顆潔白的珍珠，右耳要放入一顆珍稀的粉色黃寶石，左邊的鼻孔要塞進(jìn)一塊黑瑪瑙，右邊的鼻孔要填入一粒祖母綠，雕像的肚臍要塞入一顆紫水晶。 8 文獻(xiàn)沒(méi)說(shuō)為什么要這樣做，但是約翰一心想發(fā)財(cái)，并不在意。經(jīng)過(guò)廣泛的研究，約翰計(jì)算出買這些寶石加上去埃及的路費(fèi)大約要花費(fèi)120萬(wàn)美元。為此，他花了五年時(shí)間，努力工作，并開(kāi)辦了一家公司，終于賺足了這么一大筆錢。 9 一有了這筆錢，約翰立刻購(gòu)買了寶石和去埃及古城艾斯尤特的票。到了那里，他花了好幾個(gè)月才找到那份古埃及手寫本中暗示的金字塔和山洞。進(jìn)入山洞后，他只用幾分鐘便找到了那座古代手寫本里描繪的雕像。 10 他迫不及待地把這些寶石塞進(jìn)雕像的每個(gè)孔中。但是，就在他眼皮底下，八顆寶石變成了石頭，填滿了原來(lái)的小孔，小孔在一瞬間消失，一絲痕跡都沒(méi)留下。 11 約翰眼睜睜地看著自己投資買來(lái)的寶石變成了石頭，他難以置信，百思不得其解。就在這時(shí)，他注意到了雕像底座的一行銘文他現(xiàn)在能讀懂了，上面寫著：愚者亦能創(chuàng)造財(cái)富，但唯智者知曉用財(cái)之道。 12 難道就是這樣嗎！約翰感到五年辛苦，白忙一場(chǎng)，失望至極。于是，他回到家中，重整舊業(yè)，開(kāi)始拓展自己當(dāng)初為了購(gòu)買雕像所需的寶石而創(chuàng)建的公司。 13 一天晚上，他坐在城里富人區(qū)的新公寓里，再次看了看那張讓他開(kāi)始尋寶歷程的古文獻(xiàn)照片，他第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)文獻(xiàn)最下端有一行要用放大鏡才能看清的文字。這些文字是：凡歷此功成者，必脫胎換骨，身心俱新，無(wú)堅(jiān)不摧，無(wú)所不能。 14 約翰環(huán)顧著奢華的公寓，回憶起就在短短五年前他連房租都付不起的情景。他終于意識(shí)到，當(dāng)初為了探險(xiǎn)而付出的那120萬(wàn)美元，真是一筆值得的投資！New Wordsorificen.C a hole or opening, esp. one in the body （尤指身體上的）孔、穴、腔lotteryn.1) C （用發(fā)行彩票為政府、慈善機(jī)構(gòu)等集資的）抽彩給獎(jiǎng)法France reinstituted its national lottery in 1933. 法國(guó)于1933年重新發(fā)行了國(guó)家彩票。n.2) sing. (often disapproving) a situation whose success or result is based on luck rather than on effort or careful organization 碰運(yùn)氣的事Some people think that marriage is a lottery. 有些人認(rèn)為婚姻靠的是運(yùn)氣。archeologicala. of or relating to archeology 考古學(xué)的artifactn.C an object that is made by a person, esp. something of historical or cultural interest（尤指有歷史或文化價(jià)值的）人工制品，手工藝品mysteriousa. 1) difficult or impossible to understand, explain or identify 神秘的；不可思議的，難以理解的，無(wú)法解釋的a. 2) (of people) not saying much about sth., esp. when other people want to know more 詭秘的，故弄玄虛的formulan.1) C a particular method of doing or achieving sth. 方法,方案n.2) C a series of letters, numbers or symbols that represent a rule or law 公式，方程式，計(jì)算式 n.3) C a list of things that sth. is made from, giving the amount of each substance to use 配方，處方，藥方snapshotn.1) C a photograph, esp. one taken quickly（尤指搶拍的）照片This snapshot hasnt been printed very well. 這張快照沒(méi)沖洗好。n.2) C, usu. sing. a short description or a small amount of information that gives you an idea of what sth. is like 簡(jiǎn)介，簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明The letters give us a snapshot of his life abroad. 這些信件使我們對(duì)他在海外的生活略有了解。incentiven.C, U something that encourages you to do sth. 激勵(lì)，刺激，鼓勵(lì) Some companies offer training as an incentive. 有些公司把提供培訓(xùn)機(jī)會(huì)作為一種激勵(lì)。He hasnt much incentive to work hard. 他缺乏努力工作的動(dòng)力。deciphervt.to succeed in finding the meaning of sth. that is difficult to read or understand 破譯；辨認(rèn)Human genome project is expected to decipher the genetic codes in the human cells. 人們希望人類基因組計(jì)劃能破解人類細(xì)胞中所隱含的遺傳密碼。Can you decipher this letter? 你能解讀一下這封信嗎？statuen.C a figure of a person or animal made usually the same size as in real life or larger 雕像，塑像pyramidn.C （古埃及的）金字塔；錐體，棱錐體seekern.C a person who is trying to find or get the thing mentioned 尋找者，尋求者，追求者gemn.C a precious stone that has been cut and polished and is used in jewellery（經(jīng)切割打磨的）寶石sapphiren.1) C, U a clear, bright blue precious stone 藍(lán)寶石n.2) U a bright blue color 寶藍(lán)色，天藍(lán)色socketn.C a curved hollow space in the surface of sth. that another part fits into or moves around in 孔穴，窩，槽，臼rubyn.1) C a dark red precious stone 紅寶石n.2) U a dark red color 深紅色pearln.C a small, hard, shiny white ball that forms inside the shell of an oyster and is of great value as a jewel 珍珠topazn.C, U a clear yellow precious stone 黃寶石，黃玉onyxn.U a type of stone that has layers of different colors in it, usually used for ornaments 縞瑪瑙，條紋瑪瑙nostriln.C either of the two openings at the end of the nose that you breathe through 鼻孔emeraldn.1) C, U a bright green precious stone 祖母綠，綠寶石，翡翠n.2) U a bright green color 翡翠綠purplea.having the color of blue and red mixed together 紫色的n.U the color of blue and red mixed together 紫色amethystn.C, U a purple precious stone, used in making jewellery 紫水晶，紫晶naveln.C 肚臍extensivea.1) including or dealing with a wide range of information 廣泛的，廣博的a.2) covering a large area; great in amount 廣大的，大量的diligentlyad.孜孜不倦地，勤勉地，刻苦地alludevi.to mention sth. in an indirect way 間接提到，暗指，影射The characters evil nature is constantly alluded to throughout the play. 在整出戲中，該角色的邪惡本性不斷地被暗示。He did not even allude to his elder brothers engagement to Mary. 關(guān)于他哥哥與瑪麗訂婚的事，他只字未提。manuscriptn.1) C a very old book or document that was written by hand before printing was invented 手寫本，手抄本n.2) C a copy of a book, piece of music, etc. before it has been printed 手稿，原稿tracen.C, U a mark, an object or a sign that shows that sb./sth. existed or was present 痕跡；遺跡；蹤跡vt.1) to find or discover sb./sth. by looking carefully for them/it 查出，找到；發(fā)現(xiàn)，追蹤vt.2) to find the origin or cause of sth. 追溯，追究inscriptionn.C words cut in stone or metal or written in the front of a book 銘文，碑文；題詞errandn.C a job that you do for sb. that involves going somewhere to take a message, to buy sth., to deliver goods, etc. 差使，差事He often runs errands for his grandmother. 他經(jīng)常給他的祖母跑腿兒。expandvt./vi.1) to make or become larger or more extensive 擴(kuò)展，擴(kuò)充，擴(kuò)大vt./vi.2) to talk more; to add details to what you are saying 細(xì)談；詳述，詳細(xì)闡明jeweln.1) C a precious stone such as a diamond, ruby, etc. 寶石n.2) usu. pl. pieces of jewellery or ornaments that contain precious stones 寶石飾物，珠寶首飾affluenta.having a lot of money and a good standard of living 富裕的He was born in an affluent family. 他生在富裕人家。questn.C a long search for sth., esp. for some quality such as happiness 探索，尋找，追求vi.to search for sth. that is difficult to find 探索，探求magnifyvt.to make sth. look bigger than it really is, for example by using a lens or microscope 放大Phrases and Expressionshold ones breath1)to be anxious while you are waiting for sth. that you are worried about 屏息以待，焦慮地等待He held his breath while the results were read out. 宣讀結(jié)果時(shí)，他屏住了呼吸。All Europe held its breath to see who would win the election. 全歐洲屏息以待，看誰(shuí)能贏得這場(chǎng)選舉。2) to stop breathing for a short time閉氣，屏氣Hold your breath and count to ten. 屏住呼吸，數(shù)到十。roll in1) to arrive in great numbers or amounts 大量涌入，滾滾而來(lái)Offers of help are still rolling in. 仍然不斷有人提供援助。The tanks rolled in and took control of the capital city. 坦克大量涌入，控制了首都。2)to arrive late at a place, without seeming worried or sorry 姍姍來(lái)遲Steve rolled in around lunchtime. 到午飯時(shí)分，史蒂夫才慢吞吞地來(lái)了。They rolled in very drunk at three oclock in the morning. 凌晨三點(diǎn)鐘，他們才醉醺醺地姍姍而來(lái)。strangely enough（表示驚奇）奇怪的是，說(shuō)來(lái)也奇怪pass sth. upto choose not to make use of a chance, an opportunity, etc. 放棄，不要（機(jī)會(huì)等）Never pass up a chance to learn. 永遠(yuǎn)不要放棄學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。Why did you pass up the opportunity to go to university? 你為什么放棄上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)呢？waste no time (in) doing sth.to do sth. immediately, without any delay 立刻做某事，不耽誤時(shí)間做某事Sandy wasted no time getting to know the bosss daughter. 桑迪不失時(shí)機(jī)地結(jié)識(shí)了老板的女兒。 Obama will waste no time pursuing Middle East peace. 奧巴馬會(huì)抓緊時(shí)間尋求中東和平。on a fools errandinvolved in a useless journey or task （去/被派去）白白奔走一場(chǎng)，做徒勞無(wú)功的事The people who advised you to come to me for money sent you on a fools errand. I never lend money. 建議你到我這兒借錢的人讓你白跑了一趟，因?yàn)槲覐牟唤桢X給別人。Im afraid youre going on a fools errand. 我想你會(huì)徒勞無(wú)功。for the purpose of為了，因起見(jiàn)shell (sth.) out forto pay a lot of money for something, especially unwillingly （尤指不情愿地）付款，交出The band shelled out $100,000 for a mobile recording studio. 樂(lè)隊(duì)花了10萬(wàn)美元購(gòu)置了一間移動(dòng)錄音室。If you want the repairs done right, youll have to shell out at least $800. 假如你想徹底修好，你至少得花800美元。Proper NounsMark Edgemon馬克埃吉蒙John Holiday約翰霍利戴Asyut艾斯尤特（埃及中東部城市，位于尼羅河沿岸）3. Questions on the text1. Whats the motive behind buying lottery tickets according to the writer? Reference answer：It is the idea of getting rich quick, that is, acquiring great sums of wealth with very little effort.2. What started Johns quest for wealth? Reference answer：It was an ancient document in an Egyptian archaeological exhibit believed to uncover a mysterious formula for acquiring wealth.3. How did John labor over the ancient document? Reference answer：He went to the library and started reading books on ancient languages that are now dead. After he figured out the code of the language, he began to decipher the ancient text. 4. What did the ancient text say the seeker of wealth should do about the eight orifices of the statue? Reference answer：The text stated that the seeker of wealth must place precious gems in each of the holes in the statue. The gems had to be cut in a special way and inserted in a specific manner.5. How did John feel when the eight gems that he had inserted into each of the holes in the statue turned to stone? Reference answer：John was terribly disappointed and felt he had been on a fools errand for the last 5 years. 6. Why did John think that the 1.2 million dollars was a really great investment? Reference answer：5 years ago, he had trouble paying his rent, but 5 years later, as a reward for his hard work, he possessed a luxury apartment and ran a company, so he thought the 1.2 million dollars was a really great investment.7. What changes had John gone through during the pursuit of treasure? Reference answer：At first, he was an opportunist, because he wanted to acquire wealth with very little effort. But then, in order to realize his ambition, he worked hard and opened his own company, so he was also a diligent and hard-working person. Finally, he realized what he really got from his adven