2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 5 First Aid（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

Unit 5First aid【短文語(yǔ)法填空】A game of “catch” is just two people 1.(throw) a ball back and forth.They might have baseball 2.(glove),or they might use their hands.In fact,playing catch is part of baseball practice 3.(make) you get used to using a ball and a pair of gloves.But any American kid will tell you its much more than that.Playing catch is a time for kids to be 4. their fathers.Its a time when theres nothing to worry about besides catching a ball.Its a time when words move as 5.(smooth) as the ball itself,back and forth,easy and relaxing.Its 6. excuse to spend time together.When you ask some adults to talk about the 7.(wonder) memories of their dads,they nearly always say something about playing catch.Why?8.(probable) because dads are usually very busy with their work.A catch game is a time 9. is only for one thing.This is a time when a kid has his or her dads attention.There 10.(be) no work,no phone and no other people around to take your dad away from you.Your dad is all yours when you play the game with him.答案1.throwing2.gloves3.to make4.with5.smoothly6.an7.wonderful8.Probably9.which/that10.is(對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P128)一高考單詞識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1核心詞匯poison n毒藥；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒 _poisonous_ adj.有毒的swell vi.& vt.(使)膨脹；隆起 _swollen_ adj.腫脹的_squeeze_ vt.& vi.榨；擠；壓榨_pour_ vt.&.vi.倒；灌；注；涌treat vt.&.vi.治療；對(duì)待；款待 _treatment_ n對(duì)待；款待apply vt.& vi.涂；應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；使用 _applicant_ n申請(qǐng)人_application_ n申請(qǐng)brave adj.勇敢的 _bravery_ n勇敢bear vt.& vi.忍受 _unbearable_ adj.難以忍受的；難以容忍的2?？荚~匯plex adj._復(fù)雜的_barrier n_屏障，障礙(物) _throat n_咽喉，喉嚨_injury n_損傷；傷害_injure v_受傷_bleed vi.& vt._流血_blood n_血液_variety n_變化；多樣(化)；多變(性)_various adj._各種各樣的_vary v_變化_ firm adj._(動(dòng)作)穩(wěn)定有力的；堅(jiān)定的_firmly adv._堅(jiān)固地；穩(wěn)定地_symptom n_癥狀；征兆_vital adj._至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的_用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a _variety_ (various) of answers.(2017浙江卷)2Trying to help _injured_ (injure)，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.(2017全國(guó)卷) 3Mac came out of the car and hugged Paul _firmly_ (firm)(2017浙江卷)4I know I can act under _pressure_ (press) in a scary situation.(2017北京卷)5Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave，it _was pouring_ (pour) outside.(2016全國(guó)卷)6A year ago，when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college _applications_ (apply)，I often went to websites for some type of insider look on what college would be like.(2016浙江卷)7Now，electric shock training and medical _treatment_ (treat) are helping to rescue these big birds.(2016北京卷)8Electronic wastes also contain many _poisonous_ (poison)metals.(2015江蘇卷)“忍受”家族速記bear vt.忍受，容忍；bearable adj.可忍受的，可容忍的；unbearable adj.難以忍受的tolerate vt.忍受，容忍；tolerance n寬容，容忍；tolerant adj.容忍的，忍受的stand vt.忍耐，忍受，經(jīng)得起put up with 忍受，容忍suffer from 遭受，忍受hold with 容忍后綴ure構(gòu)成的抽象名詞集錦adventure 冒險(xiǎn)(經(jīng)歷)architecture 建筑學(xué)failure 失敗mixture 混合物pressure 壓力；壓迫(感)pleasure 快樂(lè)，高興“al”為后綴的形容詞速記historical adj.歷史的digital adj.數(shù)碼的electrical adj.用電的；與電有關(guān)的equal adj.相等的；平等的physical adj.身體的mental adj.精神的與“急救”有關(guān)的高頻詞匯集錦injury n損傷；傷害bleed vi.& vt. 流血poison n& vt. 毒藥；使中毒apply vt. 涂；敷treat vt.& vi. 治療“幫助”家族aid n& vt.幫助；援助favour n. 幫助；好意assist vt. 幫助；協(xié)助assistance n. 幫助；協(xié)助support n& vt. 支持；幫助sponsor vt. 贊助【完形填空】When you give thanks for help，everyone benefits.And the _1_ will last longer than youd expect：researchers have found that writing thankyou notes raises peoples _2_ levels for up to six months.“If you express gratitude in a diary，it makes you happier，but if you _3_ it with the person who helped you，it has the _4_ to bring you two closer together，”says researcher Jeff Tsang.Lawyer John Kralik experienced this personally.Hed been feeling depressed and _5_ about his life：Hed been divorced and wasnt _6_ with his children.He felt tired from the _7_ hours he devoted to work.At a/an _8_ low point，he remembered his grandfather telling him about the importance of _9_.He decided to write 365 thankyou notes over 365 days，hoping for a/an _10_ change.Immediately，he noticed his _11_ begin to improve.“The first effects are that you realise that your life is much better than you thought and you bee more positive，”Kralik says of his _12_ acts of expressing thanks._13_ by Kraliks experience，I decided to try the _14_ myself.I chose someone from my past whom Id _15_ thanked before：my wonderful highschool English teacher.I wasnt sure if Id be able to _16_ him，but eventually I found where he lived.In my letter，I thanked him for the _17_ and support that hed given me years earlier.I may never hear from him _18_，but that isnt the _19_.The letter helped me _20_ my life，and Ive been happy now for months.1A.timeBthoughtsCeffects Drelationship2A.education BhappinessCine Dhealth3A.share BpleteCpare Dleave4A.method BdesireCenergy Dpotential5A.discouraged BdishonestCimpatient Dsurprised6A.bored BstrictCclose Dhonest7A.limited BvaluableCdelightful Dlong8A.importantly BparticularlyCphysically Dexactly9A.forgiveness BachievementCgratefulness Dpatience10A.positive BunexpectedCpossible Dinstant11A.wealth BattitudeCposition Dpetence12A.generous BstrangeCbrave Dsimple13A.Struck BInspiredCShocked DInvited14A.idea BbeliefCletter Dtest15A.nearly BfrequentlyCalready Dnever16A.remember BrecogniseClocate Dreward17A.degree BmoneyCgift Dguidance18A.in advance Bin publicCin return Din person19A.case BpointCfact Dsolution20A.appreciate BunderstandCface Dreview【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過(guò)親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們這樣一個(gè)道理：當(dāng)你對(duì)別人表達(dá)出感謝之情時(shí)，你會(huì)變得更快樂(lè)。1C考查名詞辨折。根據(jù)“benefits”并結(jié)合第一段可知，此處指感謝別人對(duì)自己的影響要比你預(yù)想的長(zhǎng)久。C項(xiàng)意為“效果，影響”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“時(shí)間”；B項(xiàng)意為“想法”；D項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)系”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。2B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指寫感謝信可以提高人們的幸福水平。B項(xiàng)意為“幸?！?，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“教育”；C項(xiàng)意為“收入”；D項(xiàng)意為“健康”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。3A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)此句中的“bring you two closer together”可知，此處指與幫助你的人分享這件事。share sth.with sb.意為“與某人分享某物”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“比較”；D項(xiàng)意為“離開(kāi)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。4D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指如果你與幫助你的人一起分享感激之情，這就有可能將你們兩人之間的距離拉近。D項(xiàng)意為“可能性，潛能”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“方法”；B項(xiàng)意為“欲望”；C項(xiàng)意為“精力”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。5A考查形容詞辨折。根據(jù)該句中的“feeling depressed”可知，此處應(yīng)用“discouraged”與“depressed”并列，指他對(duì)生活感到沮喪。 A項(xiàng)意為“泄氣的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“不誠(chéng)實(shí)的”；C項(xiàng)意為“沒(méi)有耐心的”；D項(xiàng)意為“感到驚訝的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。6C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“Hed been divorced”可知，他已經(jīng)離婚了，并且與孩子也不親近。C項(xiàng)意為“親近的，親密的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)聊的”；B項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)格的”；D項(xiàng)意為“誠(chéng)實(shí)的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。7D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)“felt tired from”可推知，此處指因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作，所以他感到疲勞。D項(xiàng)意為“長(zhǎng)的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“有限的”；B項(xiàng)意為“有價(jià)值的”；C項(xiàng)意為“高興的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。8B考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，他離婚了，和孩子也不親近，而且工作辛苦，所以這是他人生的低谷。B項(xiàng)意為“尤其，特別”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“重要地”；C項(xiàng)意為“身體上”；D項(xiàng)意為“恰恰，正好”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。9C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“He decided to write 365 thankyou notes”可知，此處指他記起祖父告訴過(guò)他感激的重要性。C項(xiàng)意為“感激”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“原諒”；B項(xiàng)意為“成就”；D項(xiàng)意為“耐心”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。10A考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下一段第二句中的“you bee more positive”可知，此處指他希望通過(guò)這種方式獲得一個(gè)積極的改變。A項(xiàng)意為“積極的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“出人意料的”；C項(xiàng)意為“可能的”；D項(xiàng)意為“立即的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。11B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這位律師正處于人生的低谷時(shí)期，然后通過(guò)寫感謝信使得他的態(tài)度開(kāi)始改善。B項(xiàng)意為“態(tài)度”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“財(cái)富”；C項(xiàng)意為“位置”；D項(xiàng)意為“能力”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。12D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“expressing thanks”可知，寫感謝信只是表達(dá)感謝的一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的行為。D項(xiàng)意為“簡(jiǎn)單的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“慷慨的”；B項(xiàng)意為“奇怪的”；C項(xiàng)意為“勇敢的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。13B考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文可知，“我”也決定寫感謝信了。由此推斷出，“我”是受了Kralik的經(jīng)歷的鼓舞。B項(xiàng)意為“鼓舞，激勵(lì)”，符合語(yǔ)境。故答案選B。14A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”決定親自試試這個(gè)想法。A項(xiàng)意為“想法，主意”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“信念”；C項(xiàng)意為“信”；D項(xiàng)意為“測(cè)試”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。15D考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”不知道這位高中英語(yǔ)老師的地址，所以他是“我”以前從未感謝過(guò)的人。D項(xiàng)意為“從未”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“幾乎”；B項(xiàng)意為“經(jīng)常”；C項(xiàng)意為“已經(jīng)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。16C考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)“but eventually I found where he lived”可知，此處指“我”不知道是否能夠找到他。C項(xiàng)意為“找出的準(zhǔn)確位置”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“記得”；B項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)出”；D項(xiàng)意為“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。17D考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”感謝的對(duì)象是“我”的一位高中英語(yǔ)老師，所以“我”應(yīng)是感謝他給予“我”的指導(dǎo)和幫助。D項(xiàng)意為“指導(dǎo)”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“程度，等級(jí)”；B項(xiàng)意為“金錢”；C項(xiàng)意為“禮物”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。18C考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，“我”寫感謝信給多年前的老師，而老師不一定會(huì)回信給“我”。C項(xiàng)意為“作出回應(yīng)”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“提前”；B項(xiàng)意為“公開(kāi)地”；D項(xiàng)意為“親自”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。19B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“Ive been happy now for months”可知，“我”快樂(lè)了幾個(gè)月，所以此處指老師是否回信不是重點(diǎn)。B項(xiàng)意為“重點(diǎn)，要點(diǎn)”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“事例”；C項(xiàng)意為“事實(shí)”；D項(xiàng)意為“解決方法”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。20A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。聯(lián)系全文的內(nèi)容可知，文章主要是關(guān)于表達(dá)出感謝可以給自己帶來(lái)快樂(lè)，所以此處指這封感謝信幫助“我”感激“我”的生活，“我”為此快樂(lè)了幾個(gè)月。A項(xiàng)意為“感激”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“理解”；C項(xiàng)意為“面對(duì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“回顧”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。二重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用1動(dòng)詞副詞/介詞squeeze _out_ 榨出；擠出apply _to_ 應(yīng)用到；apply _for_ 申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求2動(dòng)詞形容詞fall _ill_ 生病_get_ burned 燒傷3介詞名詞_in_ place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫贿m當(dāng)4其他形式make _a_ difference 區(qū)別對(duì)待；有影響；起(重要)作用put ones hands _on_ 找到_over_ and over again 反復(fù)；多次a number _of_ 許多；若干用左欄所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are _making a difference_ in the world.You can，too！(2017北京卷)2Then lay the tube _ in place_ so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs upand outthe side of the hole.(2017全國(guó)卷)3When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to _apply for_ the one that reflected my interest.(2016浙江卷)4The story came to its turning point when Joe _fell ill_ in 2007.(2015浙江卷)5For _a number of_ years，Low also worked in the CNIB sound studio reading books onto tape.(2014天津卷)6Where could the farmers _put their hands on_ so many ships in such a short time?7He _was squeezed out_ of the job market by young people.8After the doctor rubbed his leg _over and over again_，he felt it less painful.fall構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)再記fall ill/asleep/silent 生病/睡著/沉默fall back 撤退，后退fall behind 落后，落伍fall down 倒下，落下，掉下，病倒，失敗fall into 陷入，養(yǎng)成fall off 掉下，衰退fall over 摔倒，落在上，(頭發(fā))披在肩上fall into a habit of 養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣fall in love with 愛(ài)上(某人)fall into ruins 成為廢墟make an.短語(yǔ)薈萃make a difference 有差別，有關(guān)系，很重要make a mistake 弄錯(cuò)make a point 闡述觀點(diǎn)make a promise 許諾make a will 立下遺囑make a note of 記下make a fool of 愚弄，欺騙make a point of doing 強(qiáng)調(diào)；決心，堅(jiān)持三佳句選粹在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫1.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀。狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。在課堂上記筆記時(shí)，你最好盡可能多地理解。In class，youd better understand as much as possible _while (youre) taking notes_.2.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.約翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí)，這時(shí)他聽(tīng)到了一聲尖叫。be doing.when.“正在做這時(shí)”。我們正在討論問(wèn)題，這時(shí)有人敲門。We _were discussing the problem when_ someone knocked at the door.3.There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，是約翰敏捷的思維和在學(xué)校學(xué)到的急救技巧，挽救了斯萊德女士的生命。Theres no doubt that.“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，掌握這項(xiàng)技能非常重要。_There is no doubt that_ it is very important to master the skill.【短文改錯(cuò)】I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing，the capital city of our country，e true during the National Day holidays this year.In October 1st，I went to Tiananmen Square with my parents，there we watched the flagraising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly，I sang the national anthem，feeling extremely exciting.Then we went to some other famous tourist attraction，like the Great Wall.Standing on the Great Wall，I felt very proudly.I thought of the old saying that“One who fail to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.”Although I was tired，but I really had a good time.【答案】I like travelling and my dream of Beijing，the capital city of our country， true during the National Day holidays this year. October 1st，I went to Tiananmen Square with my parents， we watched the flagraising ceremony. As I watched flag rising slowly，I sang the national anthem，feeling extremely .Then we went to some other famous tourist ，like the Great Wall.Standing on the Great Wall，I felt very .I thought of the old saying that“One who to reach the Great Wall is not a hero.”Although I was tired，/ I really had a good time.第一處：visitvisiting?？疾閯?dòng)名詞。of為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。第二處：e改為came。考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“this year”可知，該處講述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。第三處：InOn?？疾榻樵~。介詞on表示在具體的某一天。第四處：therewhere?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Tiananmen Square。第五處：flag前面加上the?？疾槎ü谠~。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里的flag表特指，故用定冠詞。第六處：excitingexcited?？疾樾稳菰~。該句主語(yǔ)為I，修飾人，應(yīng)用形容詞excited，表示“激動(dòng)的，興奮的”。第七處：attractionattractions。考查名詞的數(shù)。attraction作“吸引人的事物”講時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)該句中的some可知，此處指多個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。第八處：proudlyproud?？疾樾稳菰~。該句中的感官動(dòng)詞felt用作系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞。第九處：failfails?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。該句陳述的是一般情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；該句主語(yǔ)為One，為第三人稱單數(shù)，故用fails。第十處：刪除but或but改為yet。although不能和but連用，能和yet連用。補(bǔ)充：此處也可刪除Although，但是語(yǔ)意上沒(méi)有修改but好。