2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習 Unit 3 Life in the future（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

Unit 3Life in the future【短文語法填空】Some people live in the world for body while others for dignity.I once 1.(take) a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk,with a Pepsi can in my hand.An old woman in ragged clothes,2. was living on collecting used cans,jars and tins,moved slowly towards me,with a bag on the back!3.(walk)nearer,she looked up at me and then fixed her eyes on my can. At that time,I hadnt finished my cola,so I gave her several coins instead.She stared at me for a few seconds and handed back the money.Quite 4.(confuse),I asked,“Why not?Isnt that 5. you want?”“I am not a 6.(beg),” she said seriously,word by word.Instantly,I felt so sorry.I had intended 7.(help)her,pletely misunderstanding her.Thus I hurt her.What I could do at that moment was only to drink up the cola and handed her 8. emptied can.This time,she gave me a smile with 9.(satisfy)and gratitude in her eyes.The woman is poor in material life but is so 10.(respect) as a man.I am not only moved but also have learned a good lesson.答案1.took2.who3.Walking4.confused5.what6.beggar7.to help8.the9.satisfaction10.respectable(對應(yīng)學生用書P118)一高考單詞識記思考運用1核心詞匯_aspect_ n方面；層面_previous_ adj.在前的；早先的_lack_ vi.& vt.缺乏 n缺乏impression n印象；感想；印記 _impress_ v使留下印象_impressive_ adj.給人深刻印象的adjust vt.調(diào)整；使適應(yīng)_adjustment_ n調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)instant n瞬間；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的 _instantly_ adv.馬上2?？荚~匯greed n_貪欲；貪婪_greedy adj._貪吃的；貪婪的_optimistic adj._樂觀(主義)的_pessimistic adj._悲觀(主義)的_representative n_代表_adj._典型的_represent v_代表_settlement n_定居；解決_settle v_定居；解決_tolerate vt._容忍；忍受_ecology n_生態(tài)；生態(tài)學_material n_原料；材料_motivation n_動機_用所給單詞的適當形式填空1While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new _aspects_ (aspect) of life，college sets the stage for that exploration.(2017全國卷)2But when he looked to the side, he saw _instantly_ (instant) that it wasnt a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him.(2017浙江卷)3Mr.and Mrs.Brown would like to see their daughter _settled_ (settle) down, get married，and have kids.(2017天津卷)4In order to leave some _impressive_ (impress) memories for all of us before graduation, our class made a special video to express our appreciation of our school.(2017北京卷)5He sensed there was something trying to get out，something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her _lacking_ (lack)(2016江蘇卷)6Some schools will have to make _adjustments_ (adjust)in agreement with the national soccer reform.(2015江蘇卷)7But I homed in，with _uncertainty_ (uncertain)，on one particular table at the Browns Grove Farms stand，full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.(2015全國卷)8Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong _motivation_ (motivate)is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.(2015湖南卷)“早先，以前”家族former adj.過去的，在前的，以前的；formerly adv.以前，從前previous adj.先前的，以前的；previously adv.以前，事先onetime adj.一度的，以前的before adv.先前，從前ago adv.以前ever before以前單復(fù)數(shù)意義不同的名詞集錦good 善行，利益；goods 貨物brain 腦髓；brains 腦力，智慧custom 習慣，風俗；customs 海關(guān)，關(guān)稅instruction 教授；傳授；instructions 用法說明；操作指南look 臉色，看；looks 容貌pain 痛苦；pains 辛苦，努力sand 沙子；sands 沙灘time 時間；times 時代“ment”為后綴的名詞速記appointment n約會；約定；預(yù)約argument n爭吵；論據(jù)arrangement n安排；布置assessment n估計；評估development n發(fā)展；開發(fā)“觀點；態(tài)度”的高頻形容詞positive積極的negative 消極的subjective 主觀的objective 客觀的neutral 中立的critical 批評的doubtful 懷疑的approving 滿意的【完形填空】On Christmas Eve，an old man experienced an act of warmth from a local store.The man，who asked not to be identified，was sent home from the emergency room，still not feeling well enough to _1_.The nurses ignored that he was still dizzy and did not feel _2_ behind the wheel.The nurses insisted he was fine and helped put him in his car.Less than a mile down the road his _3_ started playing tricks on him.He thought _4_ he got something and _5_ for several minutes he would be OK._6_， there was a St.Louis Bread pany store nearby.Then he entered the store and spoke through the window，having very little _7_.At first，the order taker could not understand him.He explained that he just needed a slice of bread，or something light and he only had a couple dollars in _8_.The girl in the window asked him to _9_ while she checked what had been left in the bakery.A few moments later she came back with a large smile on her face and _10_ in her hand.She _11_ presented a loaf of bread and a fancy chocolate cake to the man and said that they were _12_ her.The man offered up her the _13_ and it was quickly turned down.The employee asked if the man was OK to drive and offered to _14_ a police officer in the dining room to follow him home.The man was so _15_ for the generosity of the employee.Not just because she gave him enough bread to help him feel better，but she did it with a(n) _16_.He wasnt looked down upon or _17_ insultingly.The man said it helped him feel better emotionally as well after a _18_ day in the hospital.This story goes to show that one simple loaf of bread can not only _19_ a person for a few meals，but wake the _20_ and help restore the faith in mankind.1A.eat BdriveCsurvive Dwalk2A.peaceful BnervousCfortable Dfearful3A.nurse BcoldnessCcar Deyesight4A.though BbeforeCif Dbecause5A.shopped BcookedCchewed Dlooked6A.Fortunately BImmediatelyCSlowly DObviously7A.sleep BgasCcourage Dvoice8A.change BcontrolCshape Dnumber9A.wait BthinkCmove Dlisten10A.package BwineCfood Dcash11A.hesitantly BcheerfullyCregretfully Dcalmly12A.on BinCfor Dwith13A.reward BserviceCgratitude Dmoney14A.request BorderCforbid Dpermit15A.anxious BreadyCgrateful Dfrightened16A.ambition BsmileCnod Dwish17A.respected BlovedCtreated Dadmired18A.special BhappyCbusy Dtough19A.feed BsaveCstarve Dattract20A.animals BfamilyCbeggar Dsoul【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講述一位身體不適的老人在醫(yī)院受到的粗暴對待和在面包店受到的熱情關(guān)懷，批評了勢利和冷漠的社會現(xiàn)象，贊揚了人性的善良和熱情。1B考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“behind the wheel”和“put him in his car”可知，此處指老人還沒有恢復(fù)到能夠自己開車的程度。故選B。2C考查形容詞辨析。A項意為“平靜的”；B項意為“緊張的”；C項意為“舒服的”；D項意為“害怕的”。根據(jù)本句中的“he was still dizzy”可知，他還不舒服，不宜開車。故選C。3D考查名詞辨析。A項意為“護士”；B項意為“寒冷”；C項意為“汽車”；D項意為“視力”。根據(jù)下文老人認為自己弄點東西吃就沒事了可知，他覺得自己可能太餓了，以至于有點眼花。因此，應(yīng)該是視力在和他開玩笑。故選D。4C考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指他如果能吃點東西就會好了。應(yīng)用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選C。5C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)前面的“got something”和下文可知，此處指與吃相關(guān)的動作。C項意為“咀嚼”，符合語境。故選C。6A考查副詞辨析。A項意為“幸運地，幸虧”；B項意為“立刻”；C項意為“慢慢地”；D項意為“明顯地”。前一句講到老人覺得如果能有東西吃可能就沒事了，后面說正好附近有家面包店，所以這是幸運的。故選A。7D考查名詞辨析。A項意為“睡眠”；B項意為“汽油，煤氣”；C項意為“勇氣”；D項意為“聲音”。根據(jù)前文講到老人感到不適、頭昏眼花可知，此處指他沒力氣說話，所以說話聲音很小。故選D。8A考查名詞辨析。此處老人解釋自己只有幾塊錢零錢，表示錢不多的意思。change意為“零錢”，符合語境。故選A。9A考查動詞辨析。面包店的女孩要看一下店里還有什么可給老人吃，所以她讓老人稍等一下。A項意為“等待”，符合語境。故選A。10C考查名詞辨析。女孩是去給老人找吃的，所以她回來時應(yīng)該是手里拿著食物。故選C。11B考查副詞辨析。A項意為“猶豫地”；B項意為“開心地”；C項意為“遺憾地”；D項意為“冷靜地”。根據(jù)上一句中的“with a large smile on her face”可知，女孩找到了食物給老人吃，應(yīng)會很開心。故選B。12A考查介詞辨析。sth.be on sb.意為“某物由某人付賬”。此處指女孩說給老人的這些食物由她買單。故選A。13D考查名詞辨析。前文講到女孩要為老人買單，所以此處表示老人要把錢給女孩。故選D。14A考查動詞辨析。面包店的女店員察覺到老人身體不適，因此問他能否自己開車，并請求在店里就餐的警官陪他回家。request sb.to do sth.意為“請求某人做某事”，符合語境。故選A。15C考查形容詞辨析。A項意為“焦慮的”；B項意為“現(xiàn)成的，情愿的”；C項意為“感謝的”；D項意為“害怕的”。老人非常感激店員的這種慷慨和熱情。故選C。16B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境和上文中的“with a large smile”可知，老人之所以感謝女孩不僅僅是因為她送他吃的，也是因為女孩在做這些事的時候面帶笑容。故選B。17C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文女孩對待老人的態(tài)度可知，他沒有被瞧不起或被粗暴地對待。故選C。18D考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中對老人在醫(yī)院的經(jīng)歷可知，他受到了護士粗暴的對待，所以在醫(yī)院的一天是艱難的。tough意為“艱難的，不容易的”，符合語境。故選D。19A考查動詞辨析。句意為：這個故事表明一條面包不僅能讓人吃好幾頓，還能喚醒人們的靈魂，有助于重拾對人性的信心。feed意為“為提供食物”，符合語境。故選A。20D考查名詞辨析。句意為：這個故事表明一條面包不僅能讓人吃好幾頓，還能喚醒人們的靈魂，有助于重拾對人性的信心。soul意為“靈魂，精神”，符合語境。故選D。亮點句積累：This story goes to show that one simple loaf of bread can not only feed a person for a few meals，but wake the soul and help restore the faith in mankind.(最后一段)譯文：這個故事表明一條面包不僅能讓人吃好幾頓，還能喚醒人們的靈魂，有助于人們重拾對人性的信心。詞匯積累：identify v認出，同情emergency n緊急情況present v呈現(xiàn)二重點短語識記思考運用1動詞副詞(介詞)sweep _up_ 打掃；橫掃slide _into_ 移動；溜進take _up_ 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù)speed _up_ 加速2動詞名詞介詞lose sight _of_ 看不見catch sight _of_ 看見3be形容詞介詞be similar _to_.與相似be optimistic _about_ 對感到樂觀4其他形式be back _on_ ones feet(困境后)恢復(fù)；完全復(fù)原用左欄所給短語的適當形式填空1The instructor kept repeating the word.“_Speed up_！”“Slow down！”(2017全國卷) 2Peter will _take up_ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.(2015陜西卷)3Before moving into his new apartment，Peter had it _swept up_.4The boy _slid into_ his bedroom without being seen by his parents.5After his operation，the old man _was back on his feet_ again.6The child _lost sight of_ his mother in the supermarket，worried，crying bitterly.“beadj.about”必備短語薈萃be certain/sure about 確信be disappointed about 對感到失望be mad about 對入迷be nervous about 為感到不安be anxious about 為憂慮be serious about 對認真“beadj.to”必備短語一覽be cruel to 對殘酷be equal to 等于，能勝任be familiar to 為(某人)所熟悉be harmful to 對有害be polite to 對有禮貌be respectful to 尊敬三佳句選粹在解讀中學懂，在仿寫中學通背原句學句型練仿寫1.Which problems do you think people will have overe in one thousand years?你認為一千年后人們將會克服哪些問題？特殊疑問詞do you think特殊疑問句的其他部分。你認為誰是做這項工作的最佳人選？_Who do you think_ is the best person to do the work？2.Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累極了，爬上床很快就睡著了。形容詞(短語)作狀語。又累又渴，他走進一家茶館，一個機器人侍者迅速過來招待他。_Tired and thirsty_，he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.3.Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31 st century.太空站里展出了31世紀一些最前沿的發(fā)明。完全倒裝。坐在前面的是一位老人，他給我們講述了長征的故事。_Ahead sat the old man_ who told us the stories about the Long March.4.Well，now theres a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.現(xiàn)在，這里有一種裝置，能利用生態(tài)學原理來處理掉廢棄物。where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾抽象名詞。學生應(yīng)該參加社區(qū)活動，他們從中能獲得成長經(jīng)驗。Students should involve themselves in munity activities _where they can gain experience_ for growth.【短文改錯】Boys and girls，May I have your fully attention, please? I have announcement to make.To wele our friends in the United States，the Student Union was going to hold a party on Saturday evening，F(xiàn)ebruary 20.As never，the party will be held in the lecture hall of the Main Building.They will begin at 7 pm.There will be music，dancing，singing or exchange of gifts.Will everyone please to bring along a small gift for this purpose? Remember to pack it up，sign your name and writing a few words of good wishes.Dont miss the party，where I believe we will have a lot of funs.Everyone is wele.Thats all.Thank you.【答案】Boys and girls，May I have your attention, please? I have announcement to make.To wele our friends the United States，the Student Union going to hold a party on Saturday evening，F(xiàn)ebruary 20.As ，the party will be held in the lecture hall of the Main Building. will begin at 7 pm.There will be music，dancing，singing exchange of gifts.Will everyone please bring along a small gift for this purpose? Remember to pack it up，sign your name and a few words of good wishes.Dont miss the party，where I believe we will have a lot of .Everyone is wele.Thats all.Thank you.第一處：fullyfull。考查形容詞。修飾名詞要用形容詞，故用full。第二處：announcement前加an?？疾楣谠~。announcement表示“通告、公告”時是可數(shù)名詞，且此處第一次提到，表示泛指，故應(yīng)加上不定冠詞；announcement的讀音以元音音素開頭，故用an。第三處：infrom?？疾榻樵~。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示歡迎來自美國的朋友，而不是歡迎在美國的朋友。第四處：wasis?？疾闀r態(tài)。這里說的是從現(xiàn)在看將要發(fā)生的事情，不能用過去將來時，應(yīng)用一般將來時。第五處：neverever?？疾樾形倪壿嫛４颂幈硎尽跋裰耙粯?，像往常一樣”，故用ever。第六處：TheyIt?？疾榇~。此處指代前面的the party，故用It。第七處：orand。考查連詞。根據(jù)句意以及下文提到的讓大家準備禮品可知，此處表示并列關(guān)系而非選擇關(guān)系，故用and。第八處：刪除bring前的to。考查情態(tài)動詞。情態(tài)動詞后應(yīng)用動詞原形，故to多余。第九處：writingwrite?？疾楣潭ù钆?。此處應(yīng)用動詞原形write與pack，sign并列。第十處：funsfun?？疾槊~。fun為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。