浙江省杭州市2019年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)訓(xùn)練03 Units 1-4（七下）.doc

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課時(shí)訓(xùn)練(三)　Units1-4(七下) (限時(shí):30分鐘) Ⅰ.[xx連云港]閱讀理解 　　Batsaretheonlymammalsthatcanflyagreatdistance,buttheyhaveanotherability.Manybatsliveaverylongtimeforananimaltheirsize. 　　Europeanresearchersarestudyingbatstounderstandwhytheylivesolong.Theyhopetomakediscoveriestofighttheagingprocess(過(guò)程)inhumanbeings. 　　Lastweek,thegroupofscientistssaidtheyhadfoundimportantbiologicalqualitiesinsomebatspecies.Thegroupstudiedbatchromosomes(染色體),alineofgenesfoundinthenucleus(核)ofcells.Thescientistsweremostinterestedinpartsconnectedtotheendsofthechromosomes.Theyarecalledtelomeres(端粒).Telomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomes,whichshorteneachtimeacelldivides.Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.　　　　. 　　AreportonbatswaspublishedthismonthinthejournalScienceAdvances. 　　AmongtheleadersofthestudywasEmmaTeeling,abiologistwithUniversityCollegeDublininIreland.Teelingsaidstudyinglong-livingmammalsthathavedevelopedwaystofightaging “isanotherwaytoprovethemolecular(分子)basisofextended ‘healthlength.’” Sheaddedthatstudyingbatsmadescientistsabletolearnmoreabouttheprocesses “thatdrivehealthyaging.” 　　TheEuropeanresearchersstudied493batsfromfourbatspecies.Thegroupusedinformationthathadbeengatheredovermorethan60years.Oftheseanimals,thegreatermouse-earedbatgenerallylivedthelongest,anaverageof37years. 　　Thescientistssaidthisandarelatedspecies,whicharegroupedtogetherunderthenameMyotis,hadtelomeresthatdidnotshortenwithage.AnotherMyotisbatholdstherecordforoldestage,reaching41years. 　　Thescientists’findingssuggestthatthesebats’cellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.This,theysaid,helpsguardagainsttheagingprocess.Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.But,thesemammalshavebeenfoundtolivenearly10timeslongerthanthat. 　　ThescientistsfoundthatEighteenofthesearebats.TheonlyexceptionisanunusualAfricanrodent,thenakedmolerat. 1.WhichsentencecanbeputattheendofParagraph3? A.Thismakesscientistsabletostudybats. B.That’swhybatscanflyagreatdistance. C.Theysaythisiswhatcausesaging. D.Theydiscoverthecellsconnectedtohumans. 2.Whydosomespeciesofbatsliveaverylongtime? A.Becausetheyhavealineoflong-livinggenesoutofthecells. B.Becausetheircellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres. C.Becausetheyhaveanotherabilitytolivelongerwithoutanyfoodorwater. D.Becausetelomeresprotecttheendsofchromosomestostopcellsdividing. 3.Theunderlinedword “that” refersto　　　　. A.fouryears B.bodysize C.theagingprocess D.theabilitytorepair 4.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage? A.DifferencesBetweenLong-livingAnimals B.AScienceReportonChromosomes C.DoBatsHoldtheSecrettoLongLife? D.AreHumansandBatsSimilarinProtectingThemselves? Ⅱ.[xx紹興]完形填空 　　AsanewteacheratDoullPrimarySchoolinDenver,KyleSchwartzthoughtofasimplewaytogettoknowherthirdgraders,mostofwhomcamefrom　5　families.Sheaskedthemtopletethe　6　 “Iwishmyteacherknew…” andsharesomethingaboutthemselves. 　　Their　7　answersgavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudents’difficulties. “IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework,” 　8　onechild. “Iwishmyteacherknewsometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned(簽名),becausemymomisnot　9　alot,” wroteanother.Somesharedhopeforthe　10　, “IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.” 　　“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking,” SchwartztellsABCNews. “Icare　11　abouteachofmystudentsandIdon’twantthemtobepoorforever,” sheexplains. “Ihopedtoknow　12　Icouldbettersupportthem.SoI　13　toletthemtellmewhatIneededtoknow.ThatwaswhyIcreatedthefill-in-the-blankexercise.” 　　　14　thethirdgraderswereallowedtoansweranonymously(匿名地),mostwantedtoincludenames.Andsomewereevenexcitedtoreadtheirnotesoutloud,　15　oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely. “Aftershetoldtheclass, ‘Idon’thavefriendsto　16　me,’ Iwasworriedwhattheywoulddo,” SchwartztellsUsWeekly. “However,Ifeltencouragedtoseehowmuchsupporttheotherkidsoffered　17　.Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.Yousee,　18　haveanunusualabilitytoexpressempathy(同情).” 　　“Theresultshavebeen　19　,” saysSchwartz. “Itspeakstotheimportanceofgivingpeopleavoiceandreallylisteningtothem.” 5.A.traditional B.friendly C.poor D.small 6.A.postcard B.note C.letter D.diary 7.A.honest B.polite C.usual D.right 8.A.suggested B.copied C.repeated D.wrote 9.A.free B.careless C.famous D.angry 10.A.society B.course C.research D.future 11.A.secretly B.deeply C.nervously D.directly 12.A.where B.why C.how D.when 13.A.decided B.refused C.forgot D.learned 14.A.Unless B.Though C.Because D.Once 15.A.like B.from C.against D.except 16.A.lookfor B.talkabout C.dependon D.playwith 17.A.him B.you C.her D.me 18.A.children B.teachers C.parents D.reporters 19.A.boring B.surprising C.worrying D.relaxing Ⅲ.[xx鹽城改編]語(yǔ)法填空 　　閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 　　Over2,000yearsago,inChina,therelivedaboycalledConfucius.Whenhewasonlythree,hisfather20.　　　　(die).Hismotherwasverypoor.Inthosedayspeoplehadtopaytogotoschoolandhismotherdidnothaveenoughmoney21.　　　　(send)him. 　　AsConfuciusgrewuphewantedtolearnthings.Sohedecidedtoteach22.　　　　(him).Unfortunately,hewasastrange-lookingboy.Theotherchildrenpointedandmadefunofhim.Theycalledhimnamesandlaughed23.　　　　him.Confuciusgotveryupset,buthewasakind,gentleboyanddidnotfightback. 　　Confuciusdidnotplaywithotherchildren.Hewentofftotalktoholymen(圣人)inthetempleandlearnedfromthem.Hetalkedtoartistsand24.　　　　(musician)andlearnedfromthem.Ifhetriedtodosomethingdifficult,hekepttryingoverandoveragain25.　　　　helearnedhowtodoit.Inthiswaytheboytaughthimselftoreadandwriteandlearnedlotsofinterestingthings.Confuciusgrewuptobeaverycleverman. 　　Whenhewasaman,Confuciusbecametherulerof26.　　　　cityofChangtu.Peoplewereveryhappy.Whenhewastheir27.　　　　(lead).Heusedhisabilitiesandskills28.　　　　awiseway. 　　Peoplesometimescallhimthe29.　　　　(great)manwhoeverlived.Westillremembermanyofhissayingstoday. Ⅳ.單詞拼寫 　　根據(jù)下列句子及所給的首字母,寫出各單詞的正確、完全形式。(每空限填一詞) 30.Disneylandisenjoyedbymillionsofp　　　　aroundtheworld. 31.Therearenearlyfourh　　　　studentsinourschool. 32.IfyouwanttobeeagoodMarathonathlete,youmustp　　　　runningeveryday. 33.Thebesttimetobrushyourteethisthreem　　　　aftermeals. 34.Ilovetakingnaps.Beingabletor　　　　inthemiddleofthedayisgreat! 35.MissYangisourEnglishteacher.Sheteachesu　　　　Englishverywell. 36.Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyoul　　　　theclassroom. 37.Healwaysasksustof　　　　therules.Hesaystheyareimportantforeveryone. 38.Tom,don’tf　　　　withyourclassmates.Youshouldbefriendlytothem. 39.NowyouknowMr.Yangisfriendlytous,butheisalsos　　　　withus. Ⅴ.書(shū)面表達(dá) 　　假如你是Linda, 請(qǐng)你對(duì)你的筆友Alice發(fā)來(lái)的e-mail進(jìn)行回復(fù),詞數(shù)80左右。 To:Linda From:Alice DearLinda, 　　I’mafraidI’vegotabigproblemrecently.Mymothertalkstoomuchtome.Shealwaystellsme, “Becarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.”“Putonmoreclothes.”“Didyoudoagoodjobatschool?” andsoon.I’mannoyed(煩惱的).WhatshallIdo? Yours, Alice To:Alice From:Linda DearAlice, Yours, Linda 參考答案 Ⅰ.[主旨大意] 本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文。文章講述了歐洲科學(xué)家研究了作為哺乳動(dòng)物的蝙蝠壽命長(zhǎng)的原因。同時(shí)列舉了幾種不同蝙蝠壽命長(zhǎng)的原因。 1.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容“Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.”可知,這個(gè)縮短的流程會(huì)引起細(xì)胞破損,會(huì)對(duì)壽命造成影響。故選C。 2.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thescientists’findingssuggestthatthesebats’cellshavetheabilitytokeepandrepairtheirtelomeres.”可知,這些蝙蝠長(zhǎng)壽的原因是因?yàn)樗鼈兊募?xì)胞能保持和修復(fù)它們的端粒。故選B。 3.A　代詞指代題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.”可知,此處that指fouryears。故選A。 4.C　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述的是科學(xué)家研究蝙蝠長(zhǎng)壽的原因,C項(xiàng)符合文章主題。故選C。 Ⅱ.[主旨大意] 本文是一篇記敘文,文章主要講述了一位名叫KyleSchwartz的老師采取措施教育學(xué)生的故事。KyleSchwartz為了更好地掌握學(xué)生的情況,讓學(xué)生寫出自己想讓老師知道的事情,結(jié)果導(dǎo)致班風(fēng)出奇的好,這讓她非常驚喜。由此告訴我們:認(rèn)真聆聽(tīng)別人的心聲,才能更好地了解他人。 5.C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段中的“…Idon’twantthemtobepoorforever…”可知,KyleSchwartz所教的班級(jí)里的大部分學(xué)生都來(lái)自貧困家庭。故選C。 6.B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“Somenotesarereallyheartbreaking…”可知,KyleSchwartz讓每名學(xué)生寫一張便條。故選B。 7.A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“…gavetheteacherachancetounderstandherstudents’difficulties.”可知,學(xué)生們都實(shí)事求是地寫出了他們各自的心聲,即他們的回答很誠(chéng)實(shí)。honest意為“誠(chéng)實(shí)的”,符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 8.D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下句中的“wroteanother”可推知,“IwishmyteacherknewIhavenopencilstodomyhomework”是其中一個(gè)孩子在便條上寫的內(nèi)容。故選D。 9.A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“…sometimesmyreadinghomeworkisnotsigned”可推知,有時(shí)候媽媽之所以沒(méi)有在閱讀作業(yè)上面簽名,是因?yàn)樗龥](méi)有空。故選A。 10.D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下句“IwishmyteacherknewthatIwanttogotocollege.”可知,上大學(xué)是將來(lái)的事情,所以此處是在談?wù)摗皩?duì)未來(lái)的希望”。故選D。 11.B　考查副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“Idon’twantthemtobepoorforever…”及下句“Ihopedtoknow…Icouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz不想讓孩子們永遠(yuǎn)貧窮,所以她深深地關(guān)心著每一個(gè)孩子。故選B。 12.C　考查特殊疑問(wèn)詞辨析。句意:我想知道自己怎樣才能更好地支持他們。how意為“如何”。故選C。 13.A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上句“Ihopedtoknow … Icouldbettersupportthem.”可推知,KyleSchwartz正在尋找?guī)椭⒅С趾⒆觽內(nèi)蘸蟀l(fā)展的方法,所以她決定讓孩子們對(duì)她說(shuō)出他們的種種困難。decidetodosth.意為“決定做某事”。故選A。 14.B　考查連詞辨析?！皐ereallowedtoansweranonymously”與“mostwantedtoincludenames”之間構(gòu)成了邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以本句應(yīng)是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。though意為“雖然;盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選B。 15.A　考查介詞辨析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“oneshygirlwhobravelysaidthatshewaslonely”在此是具體的例子,指這位靦腆的女孩是眾多情緒激動(dòng)的孩子中的一員。like意為“像”,符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。 16.D　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)上句中的“shewaslonely”及下文中的“Theyinvitedhertoplay”可推知,這位靦腆的女孩平時(shí)很孤獨(dú),她沒(méi)有可以一起玩的朋友。故選D。 17.C　考查代詞辨析。根據(jù)下句“Theyinvitedhertoplayatbreakandsitwiththematlunch.”可推知,其他的孩子邀請(qǐng)這位靦腆的女孩和他們一起玩,說(shuō)明“其他的孩子主動(dòng)為她提供了許多支持”。此處指代的是shygirl,應(yīng)用her。故選C。 18.A　考查名詞辨析。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,孩子們樂(lè)于為他人提供幫助,他們擁有不同尋常的表達(dá)同情的能力。故選A。 19.B　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知,班里的孩子開(kāi)始相互提供幫助,他們學(xué)會(huì)了同情并幫助別人,這種變化出乎KyleSchwartz的意料,讓她感到很驚訝。故選B。 Ⅲ.20.died　21.tosend　22.himself　23.at　24.musicians 25.until　26.the　27.leader　28.in　29.greatest Ⅳ.30.people　31.hundred　32.practice　33.minutes 34.relax　35.us　36.leave　37.follow　38.fight　39.strict Ⅴ.Onepossibleversion: DearAlice, 　　Asateenager,Imetthesameproblemasyou.ButnowIcangetalongwithmymother.Herearesomeideasforyou. 　　Yourmothertalksmuch,becauseshecaresaboutyou.Maybeit’snotagoodway,butitshowsyourmother’slove.SoIthinkyoushouldlistentoher.Ifyouropinionsaredifferentfromyourmother’s,youcanmunicatewithher,andtellherwhatyou’rethinkingabout. 　　Ifyourmotherdoesn’ttakeyouradvice,justkeepsilentandgiveherasmile. 　　IhopewhatIsayherecanhelpyou. Yours, Linda