2019高考英語 詞匯（29）練習（含解析）.doc

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詞匯（29） 復習：1、核心單詞2、重點短語3、寫作句式4、我讀我練（詞匯應用、句式仿寫） 【單句單詞語法填空】 1． ________(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 答案：Having worked　該題邏輯主語是Steve，與動詞work是主謂關系，已知謂語動詞為managed to finish，“成功完成”，比較動作work和已知謂語可知，先工作兩天，才成功完成，因此用可表示發(fā)生在已知謂語動詞之前的having worked。 2．(2015陜西，17改編)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on ________(thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 答案：to thank　go on后接to do或doing作賓語均可以，但是go on doing表示“繼續(xù)干同一件事”，而go on to do則表示“繼續(xù)干另一件事”。由語境可知，Anne Benedict在接受獎項后又繼續(xù)干另一件事，即：感謝幫助過她的人，故要用動詞不定式作賓語。句意：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎項之后，Anne Benedict繼續(xù)感謝所有曾經(jīng)在她的職業(yè)生涯中幫助過她的人。 3．(2015陜西，18改編)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother ________(take) good care of at home. 答案：taken　分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“see＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語補足語可以是do，doing或者done。若賓語與補語之間為主謂關系，且強調(diào)動作的全過程，用省略to的動詞不定式，即do；若賓語與補語之間為主謂關系，且強調(diào)動作正在進行，用doing；若賓語與補語之間為動賓關系，用過去分詞作賓補。此處his mother與take good care of之間為動賓關系，要用taken作賓補。句意：在非洲醫(yī)療服務兩年后回來，李博士看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好，他很高興。 4．(2015浙江，18改編)Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it ________(perform) live is quite another. 答案：being performed　由live“現(xiàn)場直播”可知“聽到音樂正在被演奏”，故填being performed。 5．(2015湖南，30改編)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，_______(wonder) whether to stay or leave. 答案：wondering　句意：當?shù)陠T看到一張慈祥的臉上擠出一副抱歉的笑容時，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去還是留。此句的謂語動詞是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴隨狀語。 核心單詞 1.tradition n.　　　　　[U，C]慣例，傳統(tǒng) 2.traffic n. 交通，來往車輛 3.translation n. 翻譯；譯文 4.transparent adj. 透明的，清澈的 5.transplant vt. 移植 6.transport vt.& n. 運輸 7.treasure n. 金銀財寶；珍寶，貴重物品 　　　vt. 重視，珍惜 8.treat vt. 對待，看待 9.tremble vi. 顫抖；抖動 10.trust vt. 相信，信任，信賴 11.typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的 12.unbelievable adj. 難以置信的 13.uncertain adj. 不確定的 14.unfortable adj. 令人不舒服的 15.unconscious adj. 不省人事的，未發(fā)覺的，無意識的 16.undertake vt. 承擔，從事，負責 17.unemployment n. 失業(yè)，失業(yè)狀態(tài) 18.unfair adj. 不公平的，不公正的 19.unfortunate adj. 不幸的 20.universal adj. 普遍的 21.university n. 大學 22.urge v. 極力主張，強烈要求；催促，激勵 n. 強烈的欲望，迫切的要求 23.vacant adj. 未被占用的，空著的；(職位等)空缺的；(神情等)茫然的 24.vacation n. 假期，休假 25.various adj. 各種各樣的，不同的 重點短語 1.　　　 采取措施做某事 2.take over 接替；接管 take up 占用(時間、空間)；從事 take out 拿出，取出 take place 發(fā)生 take the place of 代替 take one’s place 就座；代替某人的職位 take it easy 別緊張；別著急 take one’s time 別急，慢慢來 take off 脫掉；起飛；成功 take part in 參加 take pride in 因……而自豪 take away (from) 拿走；使停留，使離開 take in 欺騙；吸取；收留 take on 雇用；接受(工作)；呈現(xiàn)(品質(zhì)、面貌) 【閱讀理解】 With autumn on the horizon, the season’s first Oscar petitors are here. Already,the Hollywood Reporter has predicted that the often-snubbed(冷落的) Leonardo DiCaprio could win. Although before we get swept up in predictions, it’s nice to remember that little gold men are not the reason we love the movies. They shouldn’t be the primary reason for acting in them either. Bill Murray knows this first hand. Murray was positioned to win his first-ever Oscar Academy Award for2004’s “Lost in Translation”, but he lost it to Sean Penn. Years later, Murrayexplained how he took the defeat in stride(從容應對), and his words should act as a blueprint for anyone who has failed: “I went through it once before and it’s nice to get nominated and win some prizes. You get to go to dinners and tell little stories and so forth. Then you get to get dressed up. And then you get to be on TV, which is sweet. And you can either win or lose. Well you’re not supposed to say ‘lose’ when you talk about the Oscar. You are supposed to say ‘not chosen’. But I later realized that I had gotten a little caught up in the possibility of winning. So, shame on myself for getting caught in it. But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation. So I thought it didn’t seem unnatural to expect that I would be rewarded just one more time. So when it didn’t happen, I thought, ‘Well, that’s kind of funny.’ But to get prizes is not why you work.” Murray isn’t alone in those feelings. No mention of actors without Oscars would be plete without recognition of Leonardo DiCaprio, who said, “I don’t think I ever expected anything like an Oscar ever, to tell you the truth. That is not my motivation when I do these roles. I really am motivated by being able to work with great people and create a body of work that I can look back and be proud of.” Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point. Here are some other amazing actors who never won an Oscar, even if you think they did: Julianne Moore, Brad Pitt, Johnny Depp, Tom Cruise, Harrison Ford, Will Smith. And they have provedthatcountless times before. 1.We can learn about Bill Murray from the passage that_________. A. he felt ashamed that he didn’t win the Oscar. B. he never expected himself to win the Oscar. C. he had already won many other awards before he failed in Oscar. D. he is the first actor who had been predicted to win the Oscar but failed. 2.Leonard DiCaprio is motivated to act different roles because _________ A. he wants to win the Oscar. B. he can cooperate with great people. C. he wants others to take pride in him. D. he is not the only actor who hasn’t won the Oscar. 3.The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to “_________”. A. Neither Murray nor DiCaprio will won an Oscar. B. Winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point. C. Some amazing actors have never won an Oscar. D. You think that some actors should have won an Oscar. 4.What is the writer’s attitude to Leonardo’s idea on winning an Oscar? A. Approving. B. Critical C. Indifferent. D. Neutral. 【文章大意】本文主要介紹了落選奧斯卡獎的比爾默里和萊昂納多對奧斯卡獎的看法。 1.C 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation.”可知，在落選奧斯卡之前，比爾默里已經(jīng)贏得了很多其他獎項。 3.B 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point.”可知，此處的that指代的就是winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point。 4.A 【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point.”可知，作者對萊昂納多關于贏得奧斯卡的態(tài)度是支持的。 寫作句式 非謂語動詞作補語 1.(2016北京高考書面表達)Later on, we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school. 后來，我們被邀請與我們學校的所有學生分享我們的想法和經(jīng)驗。 2.(2016四川高考書面表達)With birds singing in the tree and everything so green, I feel very delighted and relaxed. 鳥兒在樹上歌唱，滿眼綠色，我感到既快樂又放松。 3.The meeting room was found thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order. 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)會議室被徹底打掃了，一切都布置得井井有條。 我讀我練 Ⅰ.詞匯應用 1.We want to know about their origins, typical(典型的) food Americans eat during the festivals and how Americans celebrate them. 2.At the ancient Olympics, by tradition (傳統(tǒng)) the athletes were all men and they had to pete wearing no clothes. 3.People universally(universal) acknowledge that reading plays an important part in learning English. 4.Mary often does some translation(translate) work to earn extra money, which accounts for half of her ine. 5.John is ill and I want to know who is going to take__the__place__of (代替) him. 6.Every city in China is doing its best to__take__measures (采取措施) to fight against pollution. Ⅱ.句式仿寫 1.在非洲醫(yī)療機構(gòu)待了兩年回來之后，李醫(yī)生十分高興地看到家里的母親得到了很好的照顧。 Back from his two－year medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to__see__his__mother__taken__good__care__of__at__home. 2.他讓燈亮了整晚，這使他父母很生氣。 He had__the__light__burning__all__night,__which made his parents very angry. 3.不論什么時候你受邀去做某事，無論你能去與否，都是需要做出回復的。 Whenever you are__invited__to__do__something,__response is expected, whether you can go or not. 【練習】 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 (2018淄博市高三模擬考試) My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did such well in written English.He told me that he has a habit of keep a diary every day.“You can try them，too.Im sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right，but I decided to follow his advices.I started to write down something interested every day.Sometimes when I didnt know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didn’t know how to write a sentence correct，I would ask my teacher for the help.My written English has really improved a lot because that. 【答案】 My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did suc well in written English.He told me that he a habit of a diary every day.“You can try ，too.Im sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right， I decided to follow his .I started to write down something every day.Sometimes when I didnt know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didn’t know how to write a sentence ，I would ask my teacher for help.My written English has really improved a lot because that. 第一處：考查副詞。根據(jù)后面的副詞“well”可判斷出，此處應用副詞so。 第二處：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境可判斷出，此處描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，所以應用一般過去時。 第三處：考查非謂語動詞。介詞of后面應接v.ing形式。 第四處：考查代詞。此處應用it指代“寫日記”這一習慣。 第五處：考查連詞。語境表示，作者認為Tom所言是正確的，于是作者決定按他的建議去做。根據(jù)語境可判斷出，前后句是并列關系或者因果關系，所以此處應用連詞and/so。 第六處：考查名詞。advice是不可數(shù)名詞，不能變成復數(shù)形式。 第七處：考查形容詞。此處應用interesting作后置定語修飾不定代詞“something”，說明事物的特征，表示“有趣的事情”。 第八處：考查副詞。此處應用副詞correctly修飾動詞“write”。 第九處：考查固定短語。ask for help是固定短語，意為“求助”。 第十處：考查介詞。because后接原因狀語從句，because of后常接名詞或代詞。根據(jù)后面的“that”可判斷出，此處應加介詞of。