2019高考英語 詞匯（29）練習(xí)（含解析）.doc

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詞匯（29）復(fù)習(xí)：1、核心單詞2、重點(diǎn)短語3、寫作句式4、我讀我練（詞匯應(yīng)用、句式仿寫）【單句單詞語法填空】1 _(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 答案：Having worked該題邏輯主語是Steve，與動詞work是主謂關(guān)系，已知謂語動詞為managed to finish，“成功完成”，比較動作work和已知謂語可知，先工作兩天，才成功完成，因此用可表示發(fā)生在已知謂語動詞之前的having worked。2(2015陜西，17改編)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on _(thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 答案：to thankgo on后接to do或doing作賓語均可以，但是go on doing表示“繼續(xù)干同一件事”，而go on to do則表示“繼續(xù)干另一件事”。由語境可知，Anne Benedict在接受獎項(xiàng)后又繼續(xù)干另一件事，即：感謝幫助過她的人，故要用動詞不定式作賓語。句意：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎項(xiàng)之后，Anne Benedict繼續(xù)感謝所有曾經(jīng)在她的職業(yè)生涯中幫助過她的人。3(2015陜西，18改編)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother _(take) good care of at home. 答案：taken分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“see賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是do，doing或者done。若賓語與補(bǔ)語之間為主謂關(guān)系，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的全過程，用省略to的動詞不定式，即do；若賓語與補(bǔ)語之間為主謂關(guān)系，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行，用doing；若賓語與補(bǔ)語之間為動賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。此處his mother與take good care of之間為動賓關(guān)系，要用taken作賓補(bǔ)。句意：在非洲醫(yī)療服務(wù)兩年后回來，李博士看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好，他很高興。4(2015浙江，18改編)Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _(perform) live is quite another. 答案：being performed由live“現(xiàn)場直播”可知“聽到音樂正在被演奏”，故填being performed。5(2015湖南，30改編)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，_(wonder) whether to stay or leave. 答案：wondering句意：當(dāng)?shù)陠T看到一張慈祥的臉上擠出一副抱歉的笑容時(shí)，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去還是留。此句的謂語動詞是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴隨狀語。核心單詞1.tradition n.U，C慣例，傳統(tǒng)2.traffic n. 交通，來往車輛3.translation n. 翻譯；譯文4.transparent adj. 透明的，清澈的5.transplant vt. 移植6.transport vt.& n. 運(yùn)輸7.treasure n. 金銀財(cái)寶；珍寶，貴重物品vt. 重視，珍惜8.treat vt. 對待，看待9.tremble vi. 顫抖；抖動10.trust vt. 相信，信任，信賴11.typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的12.unbelievable adj. 難以置信的13.uncertain adj. 不確定的14.unfortable adj. 令人不舒服的15.unconscious adj. 不省人事的，未發(fā)覺的，無意識的16.undertake vt. 承擔(dān)，從事，負(fù)責(zé)17.unemployment n. 失業(yè)，失業(yè)狀態(tài)18.unfair adj. 不公平的，不公正的19.unfortunate adj. 不幸的20.universal adj. 普遍的21.university n. 大學(xué)22.urge v. 極力主張，強(qiáng)烈要求；催促，激勵n. 強(qiáng)烈的欲望，迫切的要求23.vacant adj. 未被占用的，空著的；(職位等)空缺的；(神情等)茫然的24.vacation n. 假期，休假25.various adj. 各種各樣的，不同的重點(diǎn)短語1.采取措施做某事2.take over 接替；接管take up 占用(時(shí)間、空間)；從事take out 拿出，取出take place 發(fā)生take the place of 代替take ones place 就座；代替某人的職位take it easy 別緊張；別著急take ones time 別急，慢慢來take off 脫掉；起飛；成功take part in 參加take pride in 因而自豪take away (from) 拿走；使停留，使離開take in 欺騙；吸取；收留take on 雇用；接受(工作)；呈現(xiàn)(品質(zhì)、面貌)【閱讀理解】With autumn on the horizon, the seasons first Oscar petitors are here. Already,the Hollywood Reporter has predicted that the often-snubbed(冷落的) Leonardo DiCaprio could win. Although before we get swept up in predictions, its nice to remember that little gold men are not the reason we love the movies. They shouldnt be the primary reason for acting in them either.Bill Murray knows this first hand. Murray was positioned to win his first-ever Oscar Academy Award for2004s “Lost in Translation”, but he lost it to Sean Penn. Years later, Murrayexplained how he took the defeat in stride(從容應(yīng)對), and his words should act as a blueprint for anyone who has failed:“I went through it once before and its nice to get nominated and win some prizes. You get to go to dinners and tell little stories and so forth. Then you get to get dressed up. And then you get to be on TV, which is sweet. And you can either win or lose. Well youre not supposed to say lose when you talk about the Oscar. You are supposed to say not chosen. But I later realized that I had gotten a little caught up in the possibility of winning. So, shame on myself for getting caught in it. But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation. So I thought it didnt seem unnatural to expect that I would be rewarded just one more time. So when it didnt happen, I thought, Well, thats kind of funny. But to get prizes is not why you work.”Murray isnt alone in those feelings. No mention of actors without Oscars would be plete without recognition of Leonardo DiCaprio, who said, “I dont think I ever expected anything like an Oscar ever, to tell you the truth. That is not my motivation when I do these roles. I really am motivated by being able to work with great people and create a body of work that I can look back and be proud of.”Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point. Here are some other amazing actors who never won an Oscar, even if you think they did: Julianne Moore, Brad Pitt, Johnny Depp, Tom Cruise, Harrison Ford, Will Smith. And they have provedthatcountless times before.1.We can learn about Bill Murray from the passage that_.A. he felt ashamed that he didnt win the Oscar.B. he never expected himself to win the Oscar.C. he had already won many other awards before he failed in Oscar.D. he is the first actor who had been predicted to win the Oscar but failed.2.Leonard DiCaprio is motivated to act different roles because _A. he wants to win the Oscar.B. he can cooperate with great people.C. he wants others to take pride in him.D. he is not the only actor who hasnt won the Oscar.3.The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to “_”.A. Neither Murray nor DiCaprio will won an Oscar.B. Winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point.C. Some amazing actors have never won an Oscar.D. You think that some actors should have won an Oscar.4.What is the writers attitude to Leonardos idea on winning an Oscar?A. Approving.B. CriticalC. Indifferent.D. Neutral.【文章大意】本文主要介紹了落選奧斯卡獎的比爾默里和萊昂納多對奧斯卡獎的看法。1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation.”可知，在落選奧斯卡之前，比爾默里已經(jīng)贏得了很多其他獎項(xiàng)。3.B 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“but winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point.”可知，此處的that指代的就是winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point。4.A 【解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point.”可知，作者對萊昂納多關(guān)于贏得奧斯卡的態(tài)度是支持的。寫作句式非謂語動詞作補(bǔ)語1.(2016北京高考書面表達(dá))Later on, we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school.后來，我們被邀請與我們學(xué)校的所有學(xué)生分享我們的想法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。2.(2016四川高考書面表達(dá))With birds singing in the tree and everything so green, I feel very delighted and relaxed.鳥兒在樹上歌唱，滿眼綠色，我感到既快樂又放松。3.The meeting room was found thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.人們發(fā)現(xiàn)會議室被徹底打掃了，一切都布置得井井有條。我讀我練.詞匯應(yīng)用 1.We want to know about their origins, typical(典型的) food Americans eat during the festivals and how Americans celebrate them.2.At the ancient Olympics, by tradition (傳統(tǒng)) the athletes were all men and they had to pete wearing no clothes.3.People universally(universal) acknowledge that reading plays an important part in learning English.4.Mary often does some translation(translate) work to earn extra money, which accounts for half of her ine.5.John is ill and I want to know who is going to take_the_place_of (代替) him.6.Every city in China is doing its best to_take_measures (采取措施) to fight against pollution.句式仿寫1.在非洲醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)待了兩年回來之后，李醫(yī)生十分高興地看到家里的母親得到了很好的照顧。Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to_see_his_mother_taken_good_care_of_at_home.2.他讓燈亮了整晚，這使他父母很生氣。He had_the_light_burning_all_night,_which made his parents very angry.3.不論什么時(shí)候你受邀去做某事，無論你能去與否，都是需要做出回復(fù)的。Whenever you are_invited_to_do_something,_response is expected, whether you can go or not.【練習(xí)】假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。(2018淄博市高三模擬考試)My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did such well in written English.He told me that he has a habit of keep a diary every day.“You can try them，too.Im sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right，but I decided to follow his advices.I started to write down something interested every day.Sometimes when I didnt know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didnt know how to write a sentence correct，I would ask my teacher for the help.My written English has really improved a lot because that.【答案】My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did suc well in written English.He told me that he a habit of a diary every day.“You can try ，too.Im sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right， I decided to follow his .I started to write down something every day.Sometimes when I didnt know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didnt know how to write a sentence ，I would ask my teacher for help.My written English has really improved a lot because that.第一處：考查副詞。根據(jù)后面的副詞“well”可判斷出，此處應(yīng)用副詞so。第二處：考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境可判斷出，此處描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。第三處：考查非謂語動詞。介詞of后面應(yīng)接v.ing形式。第四處：考查代詞。此處應(yīng)用it指代“寫日記”這一習(xí)慣。第五處：考查連詞。語境表示，作者認(rèn)為Tom所言是正確的，于是作者決定按他的建議去做。根據(jù)語境可判斷出，前后句是并列關(guān)系或者因果關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)用連詞and/so。第六處：考查名詞。advice是不可數(shù)名詞，不能變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。第七處：考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)用interesting作后置定語修飾不定代詞“something”，說明事物的特征，表示“有趣的事情”。第八處：考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞correctly修飾動詞“write”。第九處：考查固定短語。ask for help是固定短語，意為“求助”。第十處：考查介詞。because后接原因狀語從句，because of后常接名詞或代詞。根據(jù)后面的“that”可判斷出，此處應(yīng)加介詞of。