啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì)【含22張圖紙】
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無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院冷沖壓工藝卡片零件名稱(chēng)啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體零件圖號(hào)113213材料牌號(hào)及規(guī)格08鋼1.510002500毛坯種類(lèi)條料毛坯尺寸107.82500每毛坯可制件數(shù)23工序號(hào)工序名稱(chēng)工序內(nèi)容沖壓設(shè)備工藝裝備一次加工數(shù)工 序 附 圖10沖壓落料拉深J23-63落料拉深模具120拉深2次拉深J23-63拉深模具130拉深3次拉深J23-40拉深模具140拉深4次拉深J23-40拉深模具150沖壓整形J23-40整形模具160沖裁切邊J23-16切邊模具170檢驗(yàn)檢驗(yàn)班級(jí)機(jī)械96姓名李鵬飛學(xué)號(hào)0923279日期2013.5.17批改日期編 號(hào) 無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) ( 論 文 ) 題目: 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝 及模具設(shè)計(jì) 信 機(jī) 系 機(jī) 械 工 程 及 自 動(dòng) 化 專(zhuān) 業(yè) 學(xué) 號(hào): 0923279 學(xué)生姓名: 李鵬飛 指導(dǎo)教師: 鐘建剛 (職稱(chēng):副教授 ) (職稱(chēng): ) 2013 年 5 月 25 日 無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 誠(chéng) 信 承 諾 書(shū) 本人鄭重聲明:所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體 冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì) 是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究 所取得的成果,其內(nèi)容除了在畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)中特別加以標(biāo) 注引用,表示致謝的內(nèi)容外,本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)不包含任何 其他個(gè)人、集體已發(fā)表或撰寫(xiě)的成果作品。 班 級(jí): 機(jī)械 96 學(xué) 號(hào): 0923279 作者姓名: 2013 年 5 月 25 日 I 無(wú) 錫 太 湖 學(xué) 院 信 機(jī) 系 機(jī) 械 工 程 及 自 動(dòng) 化 專(zhuān) 業(yè) 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 論 文 任 務(wù) 書(shū) 一、題目及專(zhuān)題: 1、題目 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì) 2、專(zhuān)題 二、課題來(lái)源及選題依據(jù) 來(lái)源于無(wú)錫毅立模具有限公司,是電器產(chǎn)品上的一個(gè)零件。 模具是機(jī)械工程及其自動(dòng)化專(zhuān)業(yè)的一個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)方向,選擇模具方 向的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)題目完全符合本專(zhuān)業(yè)的要求,從應(yīng)用性方面來(lái)說(shuō),模 具又是生產(chǎn)效率極高的工具之一,能有效保證產(chǎn)品一致性和可更換 性,具有很好的發(fā)展前途和應(yīng)用前景。該產(chǎn)品外形較大,冷沖壓工 藝設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜,計(jì)算過(guò)程較繁,其準(zhǔn)確性非常重要,要求學(xué)生要有良 好的心理素質(zhì)和仔細(xì)認(rèn)真的作風(fēng),因此對(duì)本課題的研究對(duì)學(xué)生也是 一次很好的煅練機(jī)會(huì)。 三、本設(shè)計(jì)(論文或其他)應(yīng)達(dá)到的要求: 綜合應(yīng)用各種所學(xué)的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí),在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)對(duì)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行 冷沖壓工藝分析,制訂完整的沖壓工藝方案,并完成整副模具設(shè) 計(jì)、數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算和圖紙(所有圖紙折合 A0 不少于 3 張)繪制,具 體內(nèi)容如下: II 1完成模具裝配圖:2 張(A0 或 A1); 2零件圖:主要是非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件零件圖(不少于 5 張); 3冷沖壓工藝卡片:1 張 ; 4設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū):1 份(15000 字以上,其中參考文獻(xiàn)不少于 10 篇,外文不少于 5 篇); 5翻譯 8000 以上外文印刷字符,折合中文字?jǐn)?shù)約 5000 字的有 關(guān)技術(shù)資料或?qū)I(yè)文獻(xiàn),內(nèi)容要盡量結(jié)合課題。 四、接受任務(wù)學(xué)生: 機(jī)械 96 班 姓名 李鵬飛 五、開(kāi)始及完成日期: 自 2012 年 11 月 12 日 至 2013 年 5 月 25 日 六、設(shè)計(jì)(論文)指導(dǎo)(或顧問(wèn)): 指導(dǎo)教師簽名 簽名 簽名 教 研 室 主 任 學(xué)科組組長(zhǎng)研究所 所長(zhǎng)簽名 系主任 簽名 III 2012 年 11 月 12 日 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì) IV 摘 要 綜合應(yīng)用模具設(shè)計(jì)、冷沖壓模具工藝、模具加工工藝學(xué)、工程圖學(xué)等相關(guān)課程知識(shí), 對(duì)啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體采用多副模的工藝進(jìn)行模具設(shè)計(jì)。本文在已完成開(kāi)題報(bào)告的基礎(chǔ)上,著 重對(duì)復(fù)合模工作零件、定位零件、卸料推件零件及模架等主要零件的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。在 模具的設(shè)計(jì)中,按照小批量生產(chǎn)類(lèi)型,對(duì)制件的沖壓工藝進(jìn)行分析,確定工藝方案,擬 定排樣方法,計(jì)算沖裁力,確定壓力中心,計(jì)算凹凸模刃口尺寸及結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸,得出模具 閉合高度,選用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件進(jìn)行裝配,最終畫(huà)出模具總裝圖、三維模型及裝配和主要零件加 工工藝規(guī)程卡片。模具采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),后側(cè)導(dǎo)柱導(dǎo)套模架,導(dǎo)料銷(xiāo)導(dǎo)料,彈頂式檔料銷(xiāo) 檔料,凸緣模柄,剛性推件及彈性卸料,在保證生產(chǎn)率的同時(shí),盡可能的是模具、方便, 且滿(mǎn)足沖裁的要求。 關(guān)鍵詞:?jiǎn)?動(dòng) 電 機(jī) 殼 體 ; 沖 壓 工 藝 ; 排 樣 ; 模 具 結(jié) 構(gòu) ; V Abstract Comprehensive application of mold design, cold stamping mold process, mold processing technology, engineering, graphics and other related courses knowledge, start the motor housing using a plurality of mold process for mold design. In this paper, on the basis of complete opening report on the design of the main parts of the composite mold parts, positioning parts, discharge push parts and moldbase instructions. In mold design, in accordance with the type of small batch production parts stamping process analysis, to determine the process plan, intended nesting method to calculate the punching power, to determine the center of pressure, calculated the bump Edge size and structure size may the mold shut height, the choice of standard parts for assembly, and ultimately draw card of the mold assembly chart, the three-dimensional model and assembly and main parts process planning. Mold flip structure, the rear side of the guide pins and bushings mold, the stock guide pin guide material, playing the top-of-file material off of file material, the flange of the handle, rigid push pieces and elastic unloading, ensuring the productivity, although possible mold, convenient, and satisfying the requirements of the punched. Key words: Start the motor housing; stamping process; nesting; guide pins and bushings;mold structure; VI 目 錄 摘 要 .III Abstract .IV 1 緒 論 .1 1.1 課題研究的目的和意義 .1 1.2 課題國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況 .1 1.2.1 國(guó)外模具發(fā)展概況 .1 1.2.2 國(guó)內(nèi)模具發(fā)展概況 .2 1.3 課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 .2 2 沖壓工藝設(shè)計(jì) .4 2.1 沖壓件簡(jiǎn)介 .4 2.2 沖壓件的工藝性分析 .7 2.3 沖壓工藝方案的確定 .8 2.4 沖壓工藝計(jì)算 .9 2.4.1 工件的毛坯尺寸計(jì)算 .9 2.4.2 工序分析 .10 2.4.3 拉深尺寸計(jì)算 .10 2.4.5 整形 .15 2.4.5 工序匯總 .16 2.4.6 各工序尺寸公差的確定 .16 2.5 產(chǎn)品所需模具 .16 3 落料拉深模設(shè)計(jì) .20 3.1 模具結(jié)構(gòu) .20 3.2 確定其搭邊值 .20 3.3 確定排樣圖 .21 3.4 材料利用率計(jì)算 .23 3.5 凸、凹模刃口尺寸的確定 .24 3.5.1 落料部份凸、凹模刃口尺寸的確定 .24 3.5.2 拉深凸、凹模工作部分尺寸及其公差 .25 3.6 落料拉深復(fù)合模沖壓力 .26 3.6.1 落料部分沖壓力 .26 3.6.2 拉深部分沖壓力 .27 3.6.3 落料拉深復(fù)合??倹_壓力 .28 3.7 壓力機(jī)選用 .28 3.8 壓力中心計(jì)算 .30 3.9 落料拉深模主要零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .30 VII 3.9.1 落料凹模的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .30 3.9.2 落料凸模的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .32 3.9.3 落料卸料板設(shè)計(jì) .33 3.9.4 凸凹模(落料凸模)固定板設(shè)計(jì) .35 3.9.5 凸凹模(落料凸模)墊板設(shè)計(jì) .35 3.9.6 拉深凹模的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .36 3.9.7 拉深凸模設(shè)計(jì) .37 3.9.8 落料凹模墊板設(shè)計(jì) .38 3.9.9 壓邊圈設(shè)計(jì) .39 3.9.10 推件塊設(shè)計(jì) .40 3.10 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件確定 .41 3.10.1 模架確定 .41 3.10.2 彈頂器的確定 .41 3.10.3 上模螺釘確定 .42 3.10.4 上模銷(xiāo)確定 .42 3.10.5 下模螺釘確定 .42 3.10.6 下模銷(xiāo)確定 .43 3.10.7 模柄確定 .43 3.10.8 模柄上固定螺釘?shù)拇_定 .43 3.10.9 推桿確定 .43 3.10.10 拉深凸模上固定螺釘?shù)拇_定 .43 3.10.11 下模推桿的確定 .43 3.10.12 條料定位零件的設(shè)計(jì) .44 3.11 模具閉合高度、校驗(yàn)壓力機(jī) .44 4 切邊模設(shè)計(jì) .45 4.1 模具結(jié)構(gòu) .45 4.2 切邊凸、凹模刃口尺寸的計(jì)算 .45 4.3 切邊模沖壓力 .47 4.4 壓力機(jī)選用 .47 4.5 壓力中心計(jì)算 .48 4.6 切邊模主要零部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .48 4.6.1 切邊凹模的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .48 4.6.2 切邊凸模的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) .50 4.6.3 切邊凸模固定板設(shè)計(jì) .50 4.6.4 切邊凸模墊板設(shè)計(jì) .51 4.6.5 定位柱設(shè)計(jì) .52 4.6.6 推件塊設(shè)計(jì) .53 4.7 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件確定 .53 VIII 4.7.1 模架確定 .53 4.7.2 上模螺釘確定 .54 4.7.3 上模銷(xiāo)確定 .54 4.7.4 下模螺釘確定 .54 4.7.5 下模銷(xiāo)確定 .54 4.7.6 模柄確定 .54 4.7.7 圓廢料切刀確定 .55 4.7.8 推桿確定 .55 4.7.9 模柄緊定螺釘?shù)拇_定 .56 4.8 模具閉合高度、校驗(yàn)壓力機(jī) .56 5 結(jié)論與展望 .57 5.1 結(jié)論 .57 5.2 不足之處及未來(lái)展望 .57 致 謝 .58 參考文獻(xiàn) .59 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì) 1 1 緒 論 1.1 課題研究的目的和意義 本課題研究的內(nèi)容是沖壓模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件參數(shù)化繪圖系統(tǒng)研究中間導(dǎo)柱參數(shù)化繪圖盡 管各類(lèi)沖壓模具的結(jié)構(gòu)形式和復(fù)雜程度不同,組成模具的零件有多有少,但組成沖壓模 具的零部件仍主要包括二類(lèi)零件: 1、一類(lèi)是工藝零件,這類(lèi)零件直接參與工藝過(guò)程的完成并和坯料有直接接觸,包括 有工作零件、定位零件、卸料與壓料零件等; 2、一類(lèi)是結(jié)構(gòu)零件,這類(lèi)零件不直接參與完成工藝過(guò)程,也不和坯料有直接接觸, 只對(duì)沖壓模具完成工藝過(guò)程起保證作用,或?qū)_壓模具功能起完善作用,包括有導(dǎo)向零 件、緊固零件、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件及其它零件等。 而且無(wú)論是工藝零件還是結(jié)構(gòu)零件,在其相同類(lèi)別的零件中,它們的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)相似 度很高,故許多企業(yè)在長(zhǎng)期的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,經(jīng)過(guò)經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié),針對(duì)某一類(lèi)零件,創(chuàng)建了沖 壓模具的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的確立,為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件參數(shù)化繪圖提供了一個(gè)模板,在現(xiàn)實(shí)生產(chǎn)中 發(fā)揮著重大的作用。 所謂沖壓模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的參數(shù)化繪圖是指在沖壓模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的基礎(chǔ)上的一種二次開(kāi)發(fā), 它的主要工作原理是,將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的繪制過(guò)程錄制并編輯成程序,同時(shí)建立相應(yīng)的人機(jī)程 序界面,然后在生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中修改標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的參數(shù),通過(guò)所編輯的程序形成所需要的零件。 沖壓模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件參數(shù)化繪圖系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用可使企業(yè)在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中省略繁瑣的繪圖過(guò)程, 節(jié)省大量的勞動(dòng)時(shí)間,明顯縮短產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)周期,提高工作效率,為提高企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品競(jìng) 爭(zhēng)力做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。 1.2 課題國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況 1.2.1 國(guó)外模具發(fā)展概況 高新技術(shù)在歐美模具企業(yè)得到廣泛應(yīng)用,歐美許多模具企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)水平在國(guó)際 上是一流的。將高新技術(shù)應(yīng)用于模具的設(shè)計(jì)與制造,已成為快速制造優(yōu)質(zhì)模具的有力保 證。 1、CAD/CAE/CAM 的廣泛應(yīng)用,顯示了用信息技術(shù)帶動(dòng)和提升模具工業(yè)的優(yōu)越性。 在歐美,CAD/CAE/CAM 已成為模具企業(yè)普遍應(yīng)用的技術(shù)。在 CAD 的應(yīng)用方面,已經(jīng)超 越了甩掉圖板、二維繪圖的初級(jí)階段,目前 3D 設(shè)計(jì)已達(dá)到了 70% 89%。 PRO/E、UG、CIMATRON 等軟件的應(yīng)用很普遍。應(yīng)用這些軟件不僅可完成 2D 設(shè)計(jì),同時(shí)可獲得 3D 模型,為 NC 編程和 CAD/CAM 的集成提供了保證。應(yīng)用 3D 設(shè) 計(jì),還可以在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)進(jìn)行裝配干涉的檢查,保證設(shè)計(jì)和工藝的合理性。數(shù)控機(jī)床的普遍 應(yīng)用,保證了模具零件的加工精度和質(zhì)量。3050 人的模具企業(yè),一般擁有數(shù)控機(jī)床十 多臺(tái)。經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)控機(jī)床加工的零件可直接進(jìn)行裝配,使裝配鉗工的人數(shù)大大減少。CAE 技 術(shù)在歐美已經(jīng)逐漸成熟。在沖模設(shè)計(jì)中應(yīng)用 CAE 軟件,模擬金屬變形過(guò)程,分析應(yīng)力應(yīng) 變的分布,預(yù)測(cè)破裂、起皺和回彈等缺陷。CAE 技術(shù)在模具設(shè)計(jì)中的作用越來(lái)越大,意 無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 2 大利 COMAU 公司應(yīng)用 CAE 技術(shù)后,試模時(shí)間減少了 50%以上。 2、為了縮短制模周期、提高市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,普遍采用高速切削加工技術(shù) 高速切削是以高切削速度、高進(jìn)給速度和高加工質(zhì)量為主要特征的加工技術(shù),其加 工效率比傳統(tǒng)的切削工藝要高幾倍,甚至十幾倍。目前,歐美模具企業(yè)在生產(chǎn)中廣泛應(yīng) 用數(shù)控高速銑,三軸聯(lián)動(dòng)的比較多,也有一些是五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)的,轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)一般在 1.5 萬(wàn)3 萬(wàn) r/min。采用高速銑削技術(shù),可大大縮短制模時(shí)間。經(jīng)高速銑削精加工后的模具型面,僅 需略加拋光便可使用,節(jié)省了大量修磨、拋光的時(shí)間。歐美模具企業(yè)十分重視技術(shù)進(jìn)步 和設(shè)備更新。設(shè)備折舊期限一般為 45 年。增加數(shù)控高速銑床,是模具企業(yè)設(shè)備投資的 重點(diǎn)之一。 3、快速成型技術(shù)與快速制模技術(shù)獲得普遍應(yīng)用 由于市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈,產(chǎn)品更新?lián)Q代不斷加快,快速成型和快速制模技術(shù)應(yīng)運(yùn)而 生,并迅速獲得普遍應(yīng)用。在歐洲模具展上,快速成型技術(shù)和快速制模技術(shù)占據(jù)了十分 突出的位置,有 SLA、SLS 、FDM 和 LOM 等各種類(lèi)型的快速成型設(shè)備,也有專(zhuān)門(mén)提供 原型制造服務(wù)的機(jī)構(gòu)和公司。 1.2.2 國(guó)內(nèi)模具發(fā)展概況 國(guó)內(nèi)模具工業(yè)從起步到發(fā)展,歷經(jīng)了半個(gè)多世紀(jì),尤其是 20 世紀(jì) 90 年代以來(lái)發(fā)展 得更加迅速。近年我國(guó)的模具在國(guó)際模具行業(yè)美好的發(fā)展形勢(shì)下,模具水平有了較大提 高,大型、精密、復(fù)雜、高效和長(zhǎng)壽命模具又上了新臺(tái)階。從模具發(fā)展地域來(lái)看,我國(guó) 模具工業(yè)的發(fā)展在地域分布上存在不平衡性,模具生產(chǎn)最集中的地區(qū)在江浙和廣東等經(jīng) 濟(jì)技術(shù)高的地區(qū)。從模具的需求情況看,汽車(chē)工業(yè)是模具的最大用戶(hù),汽車(chē)產(chǎn)量的增幅 雖然有較大回落,但車(chē)型開(kāi)發(fā)和新車(chē)型的上市速度并未放慢,有的還有所加快,汽車(chē)工 業(yè)對(duì)模具需求仍舊十分強(qiáng)勁。電子信息行業(yè)、電器和儀器儀表行業(yè)、電機(jī)行業(yè)、建材行 業(yè)等,也是大量使用模具的行業(yè),這些都對(duì)模具產(chǎn)生大量的需求。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展 對(duì)模具工業(yè)提出越來(lái)越高的要求,也為其發(fā)展提供了巨大的動(dòng)力。近年來(lái),我國(guó)的模具 工業(yè)一直以高增長(zhǎng)速度快速發(fā)展。除了國(guó)有專(zhuān)業(yè)模具廠(chǎng)外,其他所有制形式的模具廠(chǎng)家, 如集體企業(yè)、合資企業(yè)和私營(yíng)企業(yè),都得到了快速發(fā)展,其中集體和私營(yíng)的模具企業(yè)發(fā) 展得最為迅速,各地從事模具制造的集體企業(yè)和私營(yíng)企業(yè)多達(dá)數(shù)千家,形成了許多國(guó)內(nèi) 外知名的“模具之城”和最具發(fā)展活力的組成之一。 1.3 課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 課題研究?jī)?nèi)容 零件沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì)原始資料及設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)要求如下: 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì) 3 圖 1-1 零件圖 設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)要求如下 1. 年生產(chǎn)綱領(lǐng):100000 件 2. 要求外文資料翻譯忠實(shí)原文 3. 要求編制的沖壓規(guī)程合理 4. 要求設(shè)計(jì)的沖壓模具滿(mǎn)足加工要求 5. 要求圖紙?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范,符合制圖標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 6. 要求畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文敘述聽(tīng)力清楚,設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算準(zhǔn)確,論文格式規(guī)范 課題研究方案 1. 復(fù)習(xí)沖壓件的工藝性 2. 制定沖壓件工藝方案 3. 確定毛坯形狀,尺寸和下料方式 4. 確定沖壓類(lèi)型及結(jié)果形式 5. 進(jìn)行必要的工藝計(jì)算 6. 選擇壓力機(jī) 7. 繪制模具總圖和非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件圖 無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 4 2 沖壓工藝設(shè)計(jì) 2.1 沖壓件簡(jiǎn)介 形狀和尺寸如下圖所示。材料為 08F 鋼,板材厚度 1.5mm。帶小凸緣的拉深件。 零件圖如下: 圖 2.1 零件圖 1未注公差尺寸分析 圖中共有 3 個(gè)尺寸未注公差,查相應(yīng)國(guó)標(biāo)確定其公差和偏差。對(duì)照參考文獻(xiàn) 1, P1P2,這 3 個(gè)尺寸可分為二類(lèi)。第一類(lèi),未注公差沖裁件線(xiàn)性尺寸,尺寸 有:45;第二類(lèi),未注公差成形圓角半徑線(xiàn)性尺寸,尺寸有:R1.5、R0.5。下面查對(duì)應(yīng) 表確定其公差和偏差。 第一類(lèi),未注公差沖裁件線(xiàn)性尺寸,查表 2-1 未注公差沖裁件線(xiàn)性尺寸的極限偏差 (即查參考文獻(xiàn)2,P3P4,表 1 未注公差沖裁件線(xiàn)性尺寸的極限偏差),公差等級(jí)取 m 級(jí),可得尺寸 45 的公差和偏差尺寸,最終帶偏差的尺寸為 :450.55。 表 2-1 未注公差沖裁件線(xiàn)性尺寸的極限偏差 2 基本尺寸 材料厚度 公差等級(jí) 大于 至 大于 至 f m c v 1 0.15 0.20 0.30 0.40 1 4 0.30 0.40 0.55 0.756 30 4 0.45 0.60 0.80 1.20 1 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.55 1 4 0.40 0.55 0.75 1.0530 120 4 0.60 0.80 1.10 1.50 第二類(lèi),未注公差成形圓角半徑線(xiàn)性尺寸,查表 2-2 未注公差成形圓角半徑線(xiàn)性尺 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì) 5 寸的極限偏差(即查參考文獻(xiàn)2,P5,表 2 未注公差成形圓角半徑線(xiàn)性尺寸的極限偏 差),可得這 2 個(gè)尺寸的公差和偏差,最終這 2 個(gè)尺寸為: 、 ,由于這0.135R0.13 兩個(gè)兩圓角只能小不能大,故取為: 、 。03.51R03. 表 2-2 未注公差成形圓角半徑線(xiàn)性尺寸的極限偏差 基本尺寸 3 36 610 1018 1830 30 極限偏差 1.000.30 1.500.50 2.500.80 3.001.00 4.001.50 5.002.00 2已注公差尺寸分析 已注公差尺寸有 4 個(gè): 、 、 、70.1。這 4 個(gè)尺寸都屬于拉深尺1.039027.3.049 寸。 尺寸 分析。查表 2-3 成形沖壓件尺寸公差(即查參考文獻(xiàn)1,P3P4,表1.039 2 成形沖壓件尺寸公差),得 的公差等級(jí)為:FT1 和 FT2 之間,再查表 2-4 成形沖壓39 件尺寸公差等級(jí)選用(即查參考文獻(xiàn)1,P6,表 A2),得:39 的公差等級(jí)極高。 表 2-3 成形沖壓件尺寸公差 1 基本尺寸 板材厚度 公差等級(jí) 大于 至 大于 至 FT1 FT2 FT3 FT4 FT5 FT6 FT7 FT8 FT9 FT10 0.5 0.022 0.036 0.060 0.090 0.140 0.240 0.380 0.600 0.960 1.400 0.5 1 0.032 0.050 0.080 0.120 0.200 0.340 0.540 0.860 1.400 2.200 1 3 0.050 0.070 0.110 0.180 0.300 0.480 0.760 1.200 2.000 3.200 3 6 0.060 0.090 0.140 0.240 0.380 0.600 1.000 1.600 2.600 4.000 3 10 6 0.070 0.110 0.180 0.280 0.440 0.700 1.100 1.800 2.800 4.400 0.5 0.030 0.050 0.080 0.120 0.200 0.320 0.500 0.300 1.200 2.000 0.5 1 0.040 0.070 0.110 0.180 0.280 0.460 0.720 1.100 1.800 2.800 1 3 0.060 0.100 0.160 0.260 0.400 0.640 1.000 1.600 2.600 4.000 3 6 0.080 0.120 0.200 0.320 0.500 0.800 1.200 2.000 3.200 5.000 10 25 6 0.100 0.140 0.240 0.400 0.620 1.000 1.600 2.600 4.000 6.400 0.5 0.040 0.060 0.100 0.160 0.260 0.400 0.640 1.000 1.600 2.600 0.5 1 0.060 0.090 0.140 0.220 0.360 0.580 0.900 1.400 2.200 3.600 1 3 0.080 0.120 0.200 0.320 0.500 0.800 1.200 2.000 3.200 5.000 3 6 0.100 0.160 0.260 0.400 0.660 1.000 1.600 2.600 4.000 6.400 25 63 6 0.110 0.180 0.280 0.460 0.760 1.200 2.000 3.200 5.000 8.000 無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 6 表 2-4 成形沖壓件尺寸公差等級(jí)選用 1 公差等級(jí)加工 方法 尺寸 類(lèi)型 FT1 FT2 FT3 FT4 FT5 FT6 FT7 FT8 FT9 FT10 拉深 直徑高度 帶凸緣 拉深 直徑 高度 彎曲 長(zhǎng)度 其他成 形方法 直徑 高度 長(zhǎng)度 尺寸 分析。查 2-3 得 13 的公差等級(jí)為:FT4 和 FT5 之間,再查表 2-4027.13 得:13 的公差等級(jí)較高; 尺寸 70.1 分析。查表 2-3 得 7 的公差等級(jí)為,F(xiàn)T2 和 FT3 之間。再查表 2-4 得:7 的公差等級(jí)極高。 尺寸 分析。查表 2-3 得 49 的公差等級(jí)為:FT3 和 FT4 之間,再查表 2-43.049 得:49 的公差等級(jí)較高; 可見(jiàn)整個(gè)產(chǎn)品尺寸公差等級(jí)較高,部分尺寸公差等級(jí)極高。最終產(chǎn)品圖如圖 2.2 所 示。 圖 2.2 帶公差的產(chǎn)品圖 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì) 7 2.2 沖壓件的工藝性分析 工藝分析包括技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)兩方面內(nèi)容。在技術(shù)方面,根據(jù)產(chǎn)品圖紙,主要分析零件 的形狀特點(diǎn)、尺寸大小、精度要求和材料性能等因素是否符合沖壓工藝的要求;在經(jīng)濟(jì) 方面,主要根據(jù)沖壓件的生產(chǎn)批量,分析產(chǎn)品成本,闡明采用沖壓生產(chǎn)可以取得的經(jīng)濟(jì) 效益。因此工藝分析,主要是討論在不影響零件使用的前提下,能否以最簡(jiǎn)單最經(jīng)濟(jì)的 方法沖壓出來(lái)。 一、沖壓件工藝性的因素很多,從技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)方面考慮,主要因素: 1件的外形為圓形,外形簡(jiǎn)單均勻,適宜沖裁。 2件無(wú)細(xì)長(zhǎng)的旋臂與窄槽,模具結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,適合沖裁。 3料為 08F 鋼,是常用的沖裁拉深材料,具有良好的沖裁性能和較好的拉深性能。 4件尺寸屬于裝配要求不是精確尺寸,可按一般精度定為加工尺寸。 5產(chǎn)批量,一般來(lái)說(shuō),大批量生產(chǎn)時(shí),可選用連續(xù)和高效沖壓設(shè)備,以提高生產(chǎn)效 率;中小批量生產(chǎn)時(shí),常采用簡(jiǎn)單?;驈?fù)合模,以降低模具制造費(fèi)用。 6型件的直徑尺寸要求較高,需作整形。表面粗糙度要求不大,拉濃變形量很大, 容量引起破裂,需作多次拉深或正反拉深。 7角半徑最小為 R0.5,不滿(mǎn)足最小圓角半徑要求。 綜上所述,此工件適宜沖裁和拉深。 二、壓件工藝分析如下: 1圖形分析形狀較簡(jiǎn)單,且左右、前后對(duì)稱(chēng),主要是拉深形狀。 2尺寸分析尺寸公差主要部份都已經(jīng)有了,其余尺寸不重要,拉深部分直徑公差 要求較高。 3材料08F ,是適合拉深的鋼,但拉深較深時(shí),需考慮周全。 08F 鋼為極軟的碳素鋼,強(qiáng)度、硬度很低,而韌性和塑性極高,具有良好的深沖、拉 延、彎曲和鐓粗等冷加工性能、焊接性能。但存在時(shí)效敏感性,淬硬性及淬透性極低。 大多軋制成高精度的薄板或冷軋鋼帶用以制造易加工成形,強(qiáng)度低的深沖壓或深拉延的 覆蓋零件和焊接構(gòu)件。 1)化學(xué)成份: 碳 C :0.050.11 硅 Si:0.03 錳 Mn:0.250.50 硫 S :0.035 磷 P :0.035 鉻 Cr:0.10 鎳 Ni:0.30 銅 Cu:0.20 2)力學(xué)性能: 抗拉強(qiáng)度 b(MPa):295MPa 無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 8 屈服強(qiáng)度 s(MPa編號(hào)無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)相關(guān)資料題目: 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝 及模具設(shè)計(jì) 信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué) 號(hào): 0923279學(xué)生姓名: 李鵬飛 指導(dǎo)教師: 鐘建剛(職稱(chēng):副教授) (職稱(chēng): )2013年5月25日目 錄一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)開(kāi)題報(bào)告二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文資料翻譯及原文三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)論文(論文)計(jì)劃、進(jìn)度、檢查及落實(shí)表”四、實(shí)習(xí)鑒定表無(wú)錫太湖學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)開(kāi)題報(bào)告題目: 啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體冷沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì) 信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化 專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué) 號(hào): 0923279 學(xué)生姓名: 李鵬飛 指導(dǎo)教師: 鐘建剛 (職稱(chēng):副教授) (職稱(chēng): )2012年11月20日課題來(lái)源來(lái)源于無(wú)錫毅立模具有限公司,是電器產(chǎn)品上的一個(gè)零件。課題來(lái)源于生產(chǎn)實(shí)際,探討沖壓加工中較常見(jiàn)零件的工藝方法和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。課題涉及知識(shí)面較廣,且設(shè)計(jì)要求較高,對(duì)學(xué)生的設(shè)計(jì)能力,特別是思考能力是一個(gè)很好的鍛煉。課題研究?jī)?nèi)容包括機(jī)械工程學(xué)科的力學(xué),材料學(xué),機(jī)械原理,機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì),公差與互換性,機(jī)械制造工藝等知識(shí),特別鍛煉學(xué)生規(guī)范性設(shè)計(jì)的能力。使學(xué)生能得到全面的鍛煉。課題要求學(xué)生具備較強(qiáng)的機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)能力和創(chuàng)新能力,對(duì)學(xué)生是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。課題為典型的機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)類(lèi)課題,涉及機(jī)械知識(shí)全面,與工程機(jī)械專(zhuān)業(yè)方向結(jié)合緊密。科學(xué)依據(jù)(包括課題的科學(xué)意義;國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢(shì);應(yīng)用前景等)(1)課題科學(xué)意義沖壓模具作為一種生產(chǎn)工具已經(jīng)運(yùn)用到各行各業(yè),其發(fā)展快,模具需求量之多,是前所未有的。當(dāng)今,在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的各個(gè)工業(yè)部門(mén)。都越來(lái)越多的依靠模具來(lái)進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)加工,模具已成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的基礎(chǔ)工業(yè),已成為當(dāng)代工業(yè)的基本手段和工藝發(fā)展手段之一?,F(xiàn)代工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的品種和生產(chǎn)效益的提高,是高技術(shù)含量的社會(huì)產(chǎn)品,其價(jià)值和價(jià)格主要取決于模具材料、加工、外購(gòu)件的勞動(dòng)與消耗三項(xiàng)直接發(fā)生的費(fèi)用和模具設(shè)計(jì)與試模等技術(shù)費(fèi)用,后者是模具價(jià)值與市場(chǎng)價(jià)格的主要組成部分,其中一部分技術(shù)價(jià)值計(jì)入了市場(chǎng)價(jià)格,而更大的一部分價(jià)值,則是模具用戶(hù)和產(chǎn)品用戶(hù)受惠變?yōu)樯鐣?huì)效益。如電視機(jī)用模,其模具費(fèi)用為產(chǎn)品價(jià)格的1/30001/5000,盡管模具的一次投資較大,但大批量生產(chǎn)后,其模具成本占很小的部分,甚至可以忽略不計(jì),而實(shí)際上,很高的模具價(jià)格為社會(huì)所擁有,變成了社會(huì)財(cái)富。所以本模具設(shè)計(jì)擁有很高的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。(2)研究狀況及其發(fā)展前景目前我國(guó)模具市場(chǎng)總體趨勢(shì)平穩(wěn)向上。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)對(duì)中高檔家電、汽車(chē)、塑料制品模具的需求量很大,但要求國(guó)產(chǎn)模具必須在質(zhì)量、交貨期等方面滿(mǎn)足用戶(hù)的需求。我國(guó)加入WTO后,伴隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的一體化浪潮,全球制造業(yè)加速向中國(guó)大陸地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移已是大勢(shì)所趨,中國(guó)也將逐步發(fā)展成為世界級(jí)的制造業(yè)基地。中低檔的模具國(guó)際市場(chǎng)潛力十分巨大,只要國(guó)產(chǎn)模具的質(zhì)量能夠有提高,交貨期能夠保證,模具出口的前景是十分樂(lè)觀的。優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯的廣東特別是珠三角地區(qū),將在十年之內(nèi)發(fā)展成為世界模具生產(chǎn)中心。同時(shí),由于近年來(lái)我國(guó)每年用近10億美元進(jìn)口模具,其中精密、大型、復(fù)雜、長(zhǎng)壽命模具占多數(shù),所以從減少進(jìn)口角度出發(fā),這類(lèi)高檔模具在市場(chǎng)的分額比例也將逐步增大?,F(xiàn)代模具其高技術(shù)、人才密集、高技術(shù)背景下的工藝密集型工業(yè)的特點(diǎn),是在新型工業(yè)化道路上走在前面的產(chǎn)業(yè),模具作為重要的制造裝備行業(yè)在為各行各業(yè)服務(wù)的同時(shí),也直接為高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)服務(wù),模具在制造業(yè)產(chǎn)品研發(fā)、創(chuàng)新和生產(chǎn)中所具有的獨(dú)特的重要地位,使得模具制造能力和水平的高低也成為國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力的重要標(biāo)志。隨著電子、信息等高新技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,模具CAD/CAE/CAM正向集成化、三維化、智能化和網(wǎng)絡(luò)化方向發(fā)展。模具CAD/CAE/CAM技術(shù)是模具設(shè)計(jì)、制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展方向,模具和工件的檢測(cè)數(shù)字、模具軟件功能集成化、模具設(shè)計(jì)、分析及制造的三維化、模具產(chǎn)業(yè)的逆向工程以及模具軟件應(yīng)用的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化是主趨勢(shì)。研究?jī)?nèi)容本課題研究的是啟動(dòng)電機(jī)殼體沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì),要求其材料08F鋼,采用大批量生產(chǎn),精度要求高。通過(guò)合理的設(shè)計(jì)凸凹模,選擇合理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模架,制造出符合要求的制件。(1)查閱有關(guān)模具設(shè)計(jì)方面的資料,翻譯與模具設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的英文文獻(xiàn);(2)對(duì)工件進(jìn)行沖壓成型工藝分析,選擇合理的設(shè)計(jì)方案;(3)進(jìn)行必要的參數(shù)計(jì)算,確定出正確的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù);(4)在計(jì)算正確的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)沖壓成型模具;(5)撰寫(xiě)出一份與自己設(shè)計(jì)相配套的設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)。擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線(xiàn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)方案及可行性分析1、分析沖壓件的工藝性,確定工藝方案。根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)題目,分析沖壓件成型的結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性,分析沖壓件的形狀特點(diǎn)、精度要求等。在分析了沖壓件的工藝性后,可以列出幾種不同的沖壓方案,然后從產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、生產(chǎn)效率、設(shè)備占有情況、模具制造難易程度和模具壽命高低、工藝成本等,確定最經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的工藝方案。2、確定毛坯形狀、尺寸和下料方式在最經(jīng)濟(jì)的原則下,確定毛坯形狀、尺寸和下料方式,并確定材料的消耗量。3、確定沖壓模類(lèi)型及結(jié)構(gòu)形式4、進(jìn)行必要的工藝計(jì)算5、選擇壓力機(jī)。6、繪制模具總圖和非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件圖。7、編寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算所明書(shū)。研究計(jì)劃及預(yù)期成果研究計(jì)劃:2012年11月12日-2012年12月2日:按照任務(wù)書(shū)要求查閱論文相關(guān)參考資料,填寫(xiě)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)題報(bào)告書(shū)。2012年12月3日-2012年12月31日:工作計(jì)劃、進(jìn)度。2013年3月4日-2013年3月15日:查閱參考資料,學(xué)習(xí)并翻譯一篇與畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的英文材料。2013年3月18日-2013年4月5日:沖壓工藝設(shè)計(jì),模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),刃口尺寸和主要零件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和尺寸計(jì)算。2013年4月15日-2013年5月3日:繪制模具裝配圖和零件圖。2013年5月6日-2013年5月25日:工藝文件、畢業(yè)論文撰寫(xiě)和修改工作。預(yù)期成果:1完成模具裝配圖:2張(A0或A1);2零件圖:主要非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件零件圖(不少于5張);3冷沖壓工藝卡片:1張;4設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū):1份;5翻譯8000以上外文印刷字符或譯出約5000左右漢字的有關(guān)技術(shù)資料或?qū)I(yè)文獻(xiàn),內(nèi)容要盡量結(jié)合課題。特色或創(chuàng)新之處模具技術(shù)的特色應(yīng)該為適應(yīng)模具產(chǎn)品“交貨期短”、“精度高”、“質(zhì)量好”,“價(jià)格低”的要求服務(wù)。創(chuàng)新之處是通過(guò)研究各種新型材料及先進(jìn)表明處理技術(shù),使模具拋光技術(shù)向自動(dòng)化,智能化發(fā)展。已具備的條件和尚需解決的問(wèn)題已具備的條件:1、工件的尺寸;2、工件的價(jià)格方法;3、工件的制造流程,工藝卡尚需解決的問(wèn)題:拉深工藝的確定,沖壓力的大小和壓力機(jī)選擇,模具結(jié)構(gòu)的確定,模具的裝配工藝等等。指導(dǎo)教師意見(jiàn) 指導(dǎo)教師簽名:年 月 日教研室(學(xué)科組、研究所)意見(jiàn) 教研室主任簽名: 年 月 日系意見(jiàn) 主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名: 年 月 日英文原文Overview of stamping die Stamping Die - Stamping in the cold, the material (metal or non-metallic) processing into parts (or half) of a special technical equipment, called cold stamping die (commonly known as Die). Press - is at room temperature, using the die installed in the press to put pressure on the material to produce a separation or plastic deformation, and thus to obtain the necessary parts of a pressure processing method. Stamping die in the form of many, the general categories according to the following main features: 1. According to the technical nature of (1) Die along the closed or open contour the material are derived from mold. If blanking die, punch die, cut off the mold, cut mode, cutting mode, split mode, etc. (2) bending mode to blank or blank sheet along a straight line (curved line) to bend, deform, and thus obtain a certain angle and shape of the workpiece in the mold. (3) The drawing die is made of the blank sheet opening hollow, or hollow pieces of further changes to the shape and size of the mold. (4) Die rough or semi-finished workpiece is convex according to plan, direct copy the shape of the die shape, the material itself, generate only local plastic deformation of the mold. Such as the bulging mode, reducing the die, expansion die, forming die rolling, flanging mold, plastic mold. 2. According to the degree classification process combination (1) single process model in a press tour, just completed a die stamping process. (2) composite model is only one station, in a press tour, at the same station at the same time to complete more than two or two die stamping process. (3) Progressive Die (also known as the modulus of continuity) in the feeding direction, rough, with two or more of the station, at the press of a visit, work in different places on the completion of two or two successive Road over stamping die process. Chong called cold stamping die Die-wide. Cold stamping die is used in cold stamping die mold industry, and accessories required for high-performance structural ceramic materials, preparation methods, high-performance ceramic materials, molds and accessories from the zirconium oxide and yttrium aluminum powder increases, Pr element composition, Preparation is the solution of zirconia, yttria solution, praseodymium oxide solution, according to a certain percentage of alumina solution when mixed liquor, ammonium bicarbonate infusion, by co-precipitation synthesis of ceramic materials, molds and accessories needed for raw materials, reaction precipitate generated by the treatment, drying, calcining and accessories by high performance ceramic mold material superfine powder, and then after forming, sintering, finishing, they will have high-performance ceramic materials, molds and accessories. Advantages of this invention is the invention made of cold stamping dies and parts and long service life, the process does not appear in the press and its parts and stamping die bond generated the phenomenon of stamping surface is smooth, no glitches, can replace traditional high-speed steel, tungsten steel. Die with the main parts Die stamping tools is the main process equipment, stamping rely on the relative movement under the mold completed. Processing time because the upper and lower mold between the constant division and, if continued operation of the fingers of workers to enter or remain in the mold closed, there will certainly pose a serious threat to their personal safety. (A) of the mold main parts, function and safety requirements 1. Working parts is a direct punch to blank forming the working parts, therefore, it is the key to mold parts. Punch not only sophisticated and complex, it should meet the following requirements: (1) be of sufficient strength, can not be broken or destroyed during stamping. (2) should be appropriate to its material and heat treatment requirements, to prevent too high hardness and brittle fracture. 2. Positioning parts positioning part is to determine the location of the parts installed blank, there are pins (board), gauge pin (plate), lead is sold, guide plate, knife set from the side, side pressure etc. Design should be considered when positioning parts easy to operate and should not have had orientation, location to facilitate observation, preferably in the forward position, contouring to correct the pin location and positioning. 3. Binder, unloading and discharging parts binder components are blank holder, binder board. Blank holder pressure can drawing blank holder force, thereby preventing billets under the action of the tangential pressure arch formed folds. The role of pressure plate to prevent movement and bounce blank. Top of the device, discharge boards role is to facilitate the pieces and clean up waste. Them by the spring, rubber and equipment, putting on the air-cushion support, can move up and down, knocking out pieces of the design should have enough top output, movement to the limited spaces. Stripper plate area should be minimized or closed position in the operating groove milling out empty-handed. Exposure of the stripper plate should have protection around the plate, to prevent finger inserted into or foreign objects inside, exposed surface edges should be blunt down. 4. Guide parts and guide sleeve guide pin is the most widely used part of a guide. Its role is to ensure punch the punching clearance when accurate match. Therefore, the guide posts, guide cover the gap should be less than the blanking clearance. Guide Post located next mold base, to ensure that the stroke bottom dead center, the lead column in the template on the face over the top for at least 5 to 10 mm. Guide columns should be arranged far away from the module and the pressure plate in the area, so the operators arms do not get to take over the lead column material. 5. Supporting and clamping the upper and lower parts which includes templates, die handle, fixed plate punch, plate, stopper, etc. Up and down the template is the basis of the cold die parts, other parts are respectively fixed at the top. Template plane size, especially around the direction to be compatible with the workpiece, too large or too small are not conducive to action. Some molds (blanking, punching type mold) to the pieces of convenience, be set up under the mold plate. At this time the best and the template plate connected between the screw, the two plate thickness should be absolutely equal. Plate spacing out the pieces to be able to prevail, not too much, so as not to break the template. 6. Fastening parts which includes screws, nuts, springs, pins, washers, etc., are generally used standard parts. Die more with the amount of standard parts, design choice and flexibility should be tightened to ensure the top out of the need to avoid exposure to the surface fastener operating position, the staff and impede operation to prevent bumps. Die with the development of Since reform and opening, with the rapid development of the national economy, the market demand with the growing Die. In recent years, Die with the industry has been around 15% growth rate of the rapid development of industrial enterprises with ownership Die components also changed dramatically, in addition to the professional mold factory outside of state-owned, collective, joint ventures, wholly-owned and private has been a rapid development. As with the accelerating pace of international integration, the increasing competition in the market, it has been increasingly recognized product quality, cost, and new product development capacities. The cold die manufacturing is the most basic elements of the chain, one of the cold die manufacturing technology to measure a countrys manufacturing sector has become an important symbol of the level, and largely determine the viability of enterprises. Die with enterprises to increase in recent years many technological advances for investment, technological progress will be seen as an important driving force for enterprise development. Some domestic enterprises have popularized the two-dimensional mold CAD, and gradually began to use UG, Pro / Engineer, I-DEAS, Euclid-IS and other international common software, individual manufacturers have also introduced Moldflow, C-Flow, DYNAFORM, Optris and MAGMASOFT etc. CAE software, and successfully applied in stamping die design. A car cover mold as the representative of a large stamping die manufacturing technology has made great progress, Dongfeng Motor Corporation mold factory, mold manufacturers such as FAW mold center has been able to produce some car cover mold. In addition, many research institutions and universities to carry out technology research and development of mold. After years of effort, in the mold CAD / CAE / CAM technology has made remarkable progress; in improving quality and reducing mold die design and manufacturing cycle, and so contributed. Although China Die with the industry over the past decade has made remarkable development, but in many ways compared with the industrialized countries there is still a large gap. For example, the precision machining equipment, processing equipment in Die with the relatively low proportion; CAD / CAE / CAM technology penetration is not high; many advanced mold technology not widely so, resulting in a considerable number of large, sophisticated, complex and long Die life with dependence on imports. With the continuous progress of science and technology, modern industrial production of increasingly complex and diverse, product performance and quality is ever increasing, thus the cold stamping technology put forward higher requirements. In order to adapt to the cold stamping technology industry needs, cold stamping technology itself also in innovation and development. cold stamping technology idea is to improve and expand as much as possible the advantages of the cold stamping process, to overcome its shortcomings. in the cold stamping technology development, should note the following aspects: (1) cold stamping technology process parameters should be properly identified and Die with the work of some of the shape and size, to improve the quality of stamping parts and shorten the new product production cycle should be in strengthening the metal forming the basis of theoretical studies, to metal forming theory to practice can produce a direction, and gradually establish a close connection with the actual production of the advanced process of calculation. abroad have begun to use plastic finite element method, automobile parts forming process of the stress and strain analysis and computer simulation to predict the forming part of a process plan on the possibilities and potential problems. (2) to accelerate product replacement, mold design to overcome the shortcomings of a long cycle. Should vigorously carry out computer-aided design and manufacture of molds (CAD / CAM) Research. In my country, paying particular attention to strengthening the multi-position progressive die CAD / CAM Technology. (3) to meet the needs of mass production, and reduce labor intensity. Should strengthen cold stamping of mechanized and automated, so that the average, small pieces of high-speed presses in a multi-position progressive die production, production reached a high degree of automation to further improve stamping productivity. (4) expand the scope of application of cold stamping production. So cold pressing both suitable for mass production, but also for small batch production; both the general accuracy of product production, but also can produce precision parts. Should pay attention to development such as fine blanking (especially thick material fine blanking), forming high-energy, soft mold forming, pressure and processing new superplastic forming process, but also promote the easy mode (soft mode and the low melting point alloy mold), Universal Hybrid model, the use of CNC punch press and other equipment. In addition, the performance improvement of sheet metal stamping, mold new material, die development of new processing methods should be further strengthened. Die with life and Countermeasures Die with the life of the workpiece by punching out the number of terms. Many factors affect the life Die. There are die structure design, manufacture molds used in the punch and die materials, die quality and surface hardening heat treatment, precision die manufacturing parts and cold stamping materials selection. In addition, there are die installation, adjustment, use and maintenance. 1. Die Design on Life (1) Layout design of layout methods and take the boundary value a great impact on the die life, too small to take the boundary value, often causing rapid wear and convex mold, die bite wounds on the. Starting from material savings, take the boundary value smaller the better, but take the edge is less than some value, the cut surface of the mold and the quality of life adversely. There will be left behind in the blanking die Q-gap were to produce spare parts glitch, or even damage the die edge, reduce die life. Therefore, consider increasing the material utilization of the same time, parts must yield, quality and life expectancy to determine the layout methods and take the boundary. (2) die structure prone to stress concentration on the cracking of the die structure, composite structure can be used or mosaic structure, and prestressed structure to enhance the mold life. (3) the impact of clearance when the gap is too small, compressed extrusion of interest, increased friction, increased wear, the wear side of aggravated discharge and push pieces after blanking time, materials and convex, the friction between die will cause wear and tear than the end edge on the side of the grinding much, but also easily lead to convex, concave mold temperature is high, the adsorption of metal debris in the side edge to form a metal tumor, so that male and female die chipping or expansion occurs crack phenomenon. Therefore, the gap is too small to Die Life very bad. Gap is too large will increase the punch and the die face the edge of the concentration of stress, resulting in a sharp increase in stress, so blade edge quickly lose angular yield deformation. Therefore, addition of blanking force, thereby enabling faster edge edge wear, reduce die life. But in order to reduce the male and female die wear, extending mold life, while ensuring quality of stamping pieces under the premise that larger space designed properly it is necessary. (4) Die-oriented structure of the life of a reliable guide for the working parts reduce wear, prevent male and female die bite wound is very effective. In particular, non-small-Q gap Q gap or Die, compound die and multi-position progressive die even more important. To improve the die life, must be based on processes and the demand of precision, the correct choice-oriented form and orientation accuracy, the choice should be higher than the accuracy-oriented convex, concave mold with precision. (5) the impact of cold stamping materials, cold stamping materials selected should meet the design requirements of workpieces and stamping process requirements, or easy to mold damage and reduce mold life. Poor surface quality of cold stamping, punching, cracking when the workpiece is also easy to scratch mold. Bad cold stamping plastic materials, deformation is small, easy to press when the workpiece rupture, but also easy to scratch mold. In addition, the material thickness tolerances shall comply with national standards. Die because of a certain thickness of material suitable for forming, bending, flanging, drawing die of the male and female die structure gap is directly determined by the thickness of the material. Therefore, uneven thickness, will result in waste generation and mold damage. 2. Die Die Life of Die Die Life of a mold material properties, chemical composition, structure, hardness and comprehensive reflection of metallurgical quality. Among them, the material properties and heat treatment affect the quality of the most obvious. Mold material properties on the impact of die life is great. If the same workpiece, using a different mold material of the bending test, the test results: The 9Mn2V material, the life of 5 million; with Crl2MoV nitriding, the life of up to 40 million. Therefore, the choice of materials, the batch size should be based on workpiece, rational use of mold materials. The hardness o
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