全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程第一冊(cè)課件(完整版).ppt

全新版大學(xué)英語第一冊(cè)UNIT1,Unit 1 Growing Up,1. Part I Pre-reading Task,Listen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions: 1. Do you know who John Lennon was? 2. Have you ever heard the song before? 3. What does Lennon think of growing up? Is it easy or full of adventures? 4. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?,The following words in the recording may be new to you: monster n. 怪物 prayer n. 祈禱,2. Text analysis Part II Text A When we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer. WRITING FOR MYSELF Russell Baker The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then Id been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.,When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire. He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim. He wore primly severe eyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed. He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic antique. I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed. Late in the year we tackled the informal essay. Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet offering us a choice of topics. None was quite so simple-minded as What I Did on My Summer Vacation, but most seemed to be almost as dull. I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. The topic on which my eye stopped was The Art of Eating Spaghetti.,This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was still a little known foreign dish in those days. Neither Doris nor I had ever eaten spaghetti, and none of the adults had enough experience to be good at it. All the good humor of Uncle Allens house reawoke in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments we had that night about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. Suddenly I wanted to write about that, about the warmth and good feeling of it, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy, not for Mr. Fleagle. It was a moment I wanted to recapture and hold for myself. I wanted to relive the pleasure of that evening. To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition Id learned in school, and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade. Never mind. I would write something else for Mr. Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself. When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no time left to compose a proper, respectable essay for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to turn in my tale of the Belleville supper. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the graded papers, and he returned everyones but mine. I was preparing myself for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle immediately after school for discipline when I saw him lift my paper from his desk and knock for the classs attention.,Now, boys, he said. I want to read you an essay. This is titled, The Art of Eating Spaghetti. And he started to read. My words! He was reading my words out loud to the entire class. Whats more, the entire class was listening. Listening attentively. Then somebody laughed, then the entire class was laughing, and not in contempt and ridicule, but with open-hearted enjoyment. Even Mr. Fleagle stopped two or three times to hold back a small prim smile. I did my best to avoid showing pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure delight at this demonstration that my words had the power to make people laugh. In the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it were, I had discovered a calling. It was the happiest moment of my entire school career. When Mr. Fleagle finished he put the final seal on my happiness by saying, Now that, boys, is an essay, dont you see. Its dont you see its of the very essence of the essay, dont you see. Congratulations, Mr. Baker. (797 words),3. New Words and Expressions off and on from time to time; sometimes 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地；有時(shí) possibility n. 可能（性） take hold become established 生根，確立 bore vt. make (sb.) become tired and lose interest 使（人）厭煩 associate vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind 使聯(lián)系起來；使聯(lián)想 assignment n. a piece of work that is given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任務(wù)，作業(yè) turn out produce 編寫；生產(chǎn)，制造,agony n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body （身心的）極度痛苦 assign vt. give as a share or duty 分配，分派 anticipate vt. expect 預(yù)期，期望 tedious a. boring and lasting for a long time 乏味的；冗長的 reputation n. 名聲；名譽(yù) inability n. lack of power, skill or ability 無能，無力 inspire vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. 激勵(lì)，鼓舞,formal a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?；正式的，正?guī)的 rigid a. (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict 一成不變的；嚴(yán)格的 hopelessly ad. very much; without hope 十分，極度；絕望地 excessively ad. 過分地 out of date old-fashioned 過時(shí)的 prim a. (usu. disapproving) (of a person) too formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘謹(jǐn)?shù)模谎?guī)蹈矩的；整潔的,primly ad. severe a. completely plain; causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, etc. 樸素的；嚴(yán)重的，劇烈的 necktie n. tie 領(lǐng)帶 jaw n. 頜，顎 comic a. 滑稽的；喜劇的 n. 連環(huán)漫畫（冊(cè)） antique n. 古物，古玩 tackle vt. try to deal with 處理，應(yīng)付,essay n. 散文，小品文；論說文 distribute vt. divide and give out among people, places, etc. 分發(fā)，分配，分送 finally ad. at last 最終，終于 face up to be brave enough to accept or deal with 勇敢地接受或?qū)Ω?scan v. look through quickly 瀏覽，粗略地看 spaghetti n. 意大利式細(xì)面條 title n. a name given to a book, film, etc. 標(biāo)題，題目 vt. give a name to 給加標(biāo)題，加題目于,extraordinary a. very unusual or strange 不同尋常的；奇特的 sequence n. 一連串相關(guān)的事物；次序，順序 image n. a picture formed in the mind 形象；印象；（圖）像 adult n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人；成年動(dòng)物 humor n. 心情；幽默，詼諧 recall vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想起，回憶起 argument n. 論據(jù)，論點(diǎn)；爭(zhēng)論,respectable a. (of behavior, appearance, etc.) socially acceptable 可敬的；體面的；文雅的 put down write down 寫下 recapture vt. (lit) bring back into the mind; experience again 再現(xiàn)；再次經(jīng)歷 relive vt. experience again, esp. in ones imagination 再體驗(yàn)，重溫 violate vt. act against 違背，違反 compose vt. write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 創(chuàng)作 turn in hand in (work that one has done) 交（作業(yè)）,command n.,v.命令，指令 discipline n. punishment; order kept (among school-children, soldiers, etc.) 懲罰，處分；紀(jì)律 whats more in addition, more importantly 而且，此外；更有甚者 contempt n. 輕視，輕蔑 ridicule n. making or being made fun of 嘲笑，嘲弄；被戲弄 open-hearted a. sincere, frank 誠摯的 hold back prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, etc.) 控制（感情、眼淚等）,avoid vt. keep or get away from 避免 demonstration n. act of showing or proving sth. 表明；證明 career n. 生涯，事業(yè)；職業(yè) seal n. 印，圖章 essence n. the most important quality of a thing 本質(zhì)；精髓 congratulation n. (usu. pl) expression of joy for sb.s success, luck, etc. 祝賀，恭喜,Proper Names Russell Baker 拉賽爾貝克 Belleville 貝爾維爾（美國地名） Fleagle 弗利格爾（姓氏） Allen 艾倫（男子名） Charlie 查理（男子名） Doris 多麗絲（女子名） Hal 哈爾（男子名，Henry, Harold的昵稱） Pat 帕特（女子名，Patricia的昵稱）,4. Summary,Russell baker is very good at selecting details to prove his point. He creates an unfavorable image of Mr. Fleage by describing his formal rigid and hopelessly out-of-date eyeglasses, hairstyle, clothes, jaw, nose and manner of speaking.,5. Exercises,Translation,vocabulary,6. Paragraph writing,Write about your experience of growing up. Title: what does it mean by “growing up” Words: about 150.,全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程第一冊(cè)02,Unit 2 Friendship,I. Pre-Reading Task Listen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions: 1. Have you ever heard of Dionne Warwick? Have you happened to hear her sing? 2. What does a fair weather friend mean? 3. What does Dionne Warwick think friends are for? 4. Does the song give you any idea of what the stories in this unit will be about?,II Text analysis Text A How do you feel when old friends are far away? Do you make an effort to keep in touch? Sometimes it is easy to put off writing a letter, thinking that there will be plenty of time tomorrow. But then sometimes, as this story shows, we leave it too late. Perhaps reading it will make you want to reach for your pen. ALL THE CABBIE HAD WAS A LETTER Foster Furcolo He must have been completely lost in something he was reading because I had to tap on the windshield to get his attention. Is your cab available? I asked when he finally looked up at me. He nodded, then said apologetically as I settled into the back seat, Im sorry, but I was reading a letter. He sounded as if he had a cold or something. Im in no hurry, I told him. Go ahead and finish your letter. He shook his head. Ive read it several times already. I guess I almost know it by heart. Letters from home always mean a lot, I said. At least they do with me because Im on the road so much. Then, estimating that he was 60 or 70 years old, I guessed: From a child or maybe a grandchild?,This isnt family, he replied. Although, he went on, come to think of it, it might just as well have been family. Old Ed was my oldest friend. In fact, we used to call each other Old Friend when wed meet, that is. Im not much of a hand at writing. I dont think any of us keep up our correspondence too well, I said. I know I dont. But I take it hes someone youve known quite a while? All my life, practically. We were kids together, so we go way back. Went to school together? All the way through high school. We were in the same class, in fact, through both grade and high school. There are not too many people whove had such a long friendship, I said. Actually, the driver went on, I hadnt seen him more than once or twice a year over the past 25 or 30 years because I moved away from the old neighborhood and you kind of lose touch even though you never forget. He was a great guy. You said was. Does that mean ?,Back,He nodded. Died a couple of weeks ago. Im sorry, I said. Its no fun to lose any friend and losing a real old one is even tougher. He didnt reply to that, and we rode on in silence for a few minutes. But I realized that Old Ed was still on his mind when he spoke again, almost more to himself than to me: I should have kept in touch. Yes, he repeated, I should have kept in touch. Well, I agreed, we should all keep in touch with old friends more than we do. But things come up and we just dont seem to find the time. He shrugged. We used to find the time, he said. Thats even mentioned in the letter. He handed it over to me. Take a look. Thanks, I said, but I dont want to read your mail. Thats pretty personal.,Back,The driver shrugged. Old Eds dead. Theres nothing personal now. Go ahead, he urged me. The letter was written in pencil. It began with the greeting Old Friend, and the first sentence reminded me of myself. Ive been meaning to write for some time, but Ive always postponed it. It then went on to say that he often thought about the good times they had had together when they both lived in the same neighborhood. It had references to things that probably meant something to the driver, such as the time Tim Shea broke the window, the Halloween that we tied Old Mr. Parkers gate, and when Mrs. Culver used to keep us after school. You must have spent a lot of time together, I said to him. Like it says there, he answered, about all we had to spend in those days was time. He shook his head: Time.,Back,I thought the next paragraph of the letter was a little sad: I began the letter with Old Friend because thats what weve become over the years old friends. And there arent many of us left. You know, I said to him, when it says here that there arent many of us left, thats absolutely right. Every time I go to a class reunion, for example, there are fewer and fewer still around. Time goes by, the driver said. Did you two work at the same place? I asked him. No, but we hung out on the same corner when we were single. And then, when we were married, we used to go to each others house every now and then. But for the last 20 or 30 years its been mostly just Christmas cards. Of course thered be always a note wed each add to the cards usually some news about our families, you know, what the kids were doing, who moved where, a new grandchild, things like that but never a real letter or anything like that.,Back,This is a good part here, I said. Where it says Your friendship over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because Im not good at saying things like that. I found myself nodding in agreement. That must have made you feel good, didnt it? The driver said something that I couldnt understand because he seemed to be all choked up, so I continued: I know Id like to receive a letter like that from my oldest friend. We were getting close to our destination so I skipped to the last paragraph. So I thought youd like to know that I was thinking of you. And it was signed，Your Old Friend, Tom. I handed back the letter as we stopped at my hotel. Enjoyed talking with you, I said as I took my suitcase out of the cab. Tom? The letter was signed Tom?,Back,I thought your friends name was Ed, I said. Why did he sign it Tom? The letter was not from Ed to me, he explained. Im Tom. Its a letter I wrote to him before I knew hed died. So I never mailed it. He looked sort of sorrowful, or as if he were trying to see something in the distance. I guess I should have written it sooner. When I got to my hotel room I didnt unpack right away. First I had to write a letter and mail it. (1093 words,Back,III. New Words and Expressions cabbie n. (infml) a taxi driver be lost in/lose oneself in be absorbed in, be fully occupied with 專心致志于 windshield n. (AmE) the glass window in the front of a car, truck, etc. （汽車的）擋風(fēng)玻璃 cab n. a taxi 出租車 available a. able to be used, had or reached 可用的；可得到的 apologetically ad. showing or saying that one is sorry for some fault or wrong 道歉地，帶著歉意地,or something (infml)(used when you are not very sure about what you have just said) 諸如此類的事 go ahead continue; begin know/learn by heart memorize, remember exactly 記住，能背出 estimate vt. form a judgement about 估計(jì) might/may(just) as well 不妨，（也）無妨 not much of a not a good 不太好的,Back,keep up continue without stopping 保持 correspondence n. the act of writing, receiving or sending letters; letters 通信（聯(lián)系）；信件 practically ad. almost kid n. (infml) a child all the way 自始至終，一直 neighborhood n. 街坊；四鄰,hit/strike home (of remarks ,etc.) have the intended effect （言語等）擊中要害 idiot n. (colloq) a fool incredible,Back,kind/sort of (infml) a little bit, in some way or degree 有幾分，有點(diǎn)兒 lose touch 失去聯(lián)系 a couple of 幾個(gè)；一對(duì)，一雙 guy n. 家伙；伙計(jì) tough a. (infml) unfortunate; difficult; strong 不幸的；困難的；堅(jiān)固的；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的 on ones mind 掛記在心頭,consume v. eat or drink; use up 吃；喝；耗盡；消費(fèi) superwoman n. a woman having more than ordinary human powers and abilities 具有非凡才能的女性，女強(qiáng)人 politician n. 政治家；政客 care for take care of; like or love 照料；喜歡，喜愛,Back,keep in touch (with) （與）保持聯(lián)系，保持接觸 come up happen, occur, esp. unexpectedly （尤指意想不到地）發(fā)生，出現(xiàn) shrug v. lift (the shoulders) slightly 聳（肩） urge v. try very hard to persuade 力勸，催促 postpone vt. delay 推遲，使延期 reference n. 提及，談到；參考，查閱 absolutely ad. completely 完全地，極其,Back,absolute a. reunion n. （家人、朋友、同事等久別后的）重聚 go by (of time) pass （時(shí)間）逝去 hang out (infml) stay in or near a place, not doing very much 閑蕩；徘徊 every now and then sometimes, at times mostly ad. almost all; generally 幾乎全部；多半，大體 awful a. (infml) (used to add force) very great; very bad or unpleasant 非常的，極大的；可怕的，糟糕的,Back,choke v. （使）窒息，堵塞 choke up become too upset to speak （因激動(dòng)等）哽得說不出話；堵塞 destination n. 目的地 skip v. 略過，跳過；跳躍 sorrowful a. showing or causing sadness 傷心的，悲傷的 sorrow n. in the distance far away unpack v. take out (things) from (a suitcase, etc.) 打開 right away at once,Back,Proper Names Foster Furcolo 福斯特弗克洛 Ed 埃德（男子名） Tim Shea 蒂姆謝 Parker 帕克（姓氏或男子名） Culver 卡爾弗（姓氏） Tom 湯姆（男子名）,Back,IV Summary,The narrator is very good at keeping the conversation going, for one thing, he expresses his agreement to show the cabbie what a sympathetic listener he is . For another, he asks questions directly to get more information out of the cabbie.,V. Exercises,Vocabulary,Translation,Writing,VI. Paragraph writing,What is friendship?,全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程第一冊(cè)03,Unit 3 Understanding Science,Part I Pre-reading Task Listen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions: Who is it about? 2. What questions interest him? 3. What makes his achievements so remarkable?,The following words in the recording may be new to you: universe n. 宇宙 muscle n. 肌肉 engage v. 與訂婚,Part II Text A Professor Hawking thinks it important to keep everybody in touch with what science is about. In this article he explains why. PUBLIC ATTITUDES TOWARD SCIENCE Whether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a great deal in the last hundred years, and it is likely to change even more in the next hundred. Some people would like to stop these changes and go back to what they see as a purer and simpler age. But as history shows, the past was not that wonderful. It was not so bad for a privileged minority, though even they had to do without modern medicine, and childbirth was highly risky for women. But for the vast majority of the population, life was nasty, brutish, and short.,Anyway, even if one wanted to, one couldnt put the clock back to an earlier age. Knowledge and techniques cant just be forgotten. Nor can one prevent further advances in the future. Even if all government money for research were cut off (and the present government is doing its best), the force of competition would still bring about advances in technology. Moreover, one cannot stop inquiring minds from thinking about basic science, whether or not they are paid for it. The only way to prevent further developments would be a global state that suppressed anything new, and human initiative and inventiveness are such that even this wouldnt succeed. All it would do is slow down the rate of change. If we accept that we cannot prevent science and technology from changing our world, we can at least try to ensure that the changes they make are in the right directions. In a democratic society, this means that the public needs to have a basic understanding of science, so that it can make informed decisions and not leave them in the hands of experts. At the moment, the public is in two minds about science. It has come to expect the steady increase in the standard of living that new developments in science and technology have brought to continue, but it also distrusts science because it doesnt understand it. This distrust is evident in the cartoon figure of the mad scientist working in his laboratory to produce a Frankenstein. It is also an important element behind support for the Green parties. But the public also has a great interest in science, particularly astronomy, as is shown by the large audiences for television series such as The Sky at Night and for science fiction.,What can be done to harn