Unit six 重點詞匯講解- 新目標(biāo)大學(xué)英語《綜合教程》 第一冊

accumulate v.  1.to gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of (sth.) 積累；積聚e.g. By investing wisely, she accumulated a fortune.她通過明智的投資積累了一筆財富。I am accumulating evidence for the mans unfaithfulness to his wife.我在收集該男子對其妻子不忠的證據(jù)。2.to increase in number or quantity 累積e.g. Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.房間如果不經(jīng)常打掃，灰塵和污物很快就累積起來了。Word Family:accumulation n.積聚，累積；堆積物comfort  1.n. state of being physically relaxed and feeling no pain 舒適；舒服；安逸e.g. This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.這能讓觀眾看演出時舒服地坐著。2.n. help or kindness to sb. who has been worried or unhappy 安慰；慰藉e.g. The news brought comfort to all of us.這條消息讓我們都感到安慰。3.v. to make sb. who is worried or unhappy feel better by being kind and sympathetic to them安慰e.g. The child ran to its mother to be comforted.孩子跑到母親身邊以求得安慰。She comforted herself with the thought that it would soon be spring.她用春天很快就會到了的想法安慰自己。Word Family:comfortable adj.舒適的；無憂患的；富有的comfortless adj.不舒適的delight  1.n. great pleasure; cause or source of pleasure高興；歡樂；使人高興的事e.g. To our great delight, the day turned out fine.讓我們極為高興的是，天放晴了。Her singing is a delight.她的歌聲令人愉快。Collocation:take delight in sth./ doing sth. 喜好；愛好；（尤指以做殘酷的事或錯事）為樂  e.g.  He takes great delight in proving others wrong.他以證明別人有錯為樂。2.v. to give great pleasure to (sb.); please (sb.) greatlye.g. She has created a style of music that has delighted audiences all over the world.她創(chuàng)立了一種為全世界聽眾所喜愛的音樂風(fēng)格。vivid adj.  1.(light or color) strong and bright; intense（指光線、顏色）強烈的；耀眼的；鮮艷的e.g. a vivid blue sky 碧藍的天空a vivid flash of lightning 一道耀眼的閃電2.creating ideas in a lively or active way; producing strong clear pictures in mind生動的；活潑的；逼真的；清晰的e.g. Jack and Mary described their journey in vivid detail.杰克和瑪麗用生動的細(xì)節(jié)描述了他們的旅行。The incident left a vivid impression on me.那件小事給我留下了深刻的印象。More Examples:vivid description生動的描述vivid imagination豐富的想象力vivid picture栩栩如生的畫面vivid green翡翠綠inconvenience  1.n. trouble, difficulty or discomfort; person or thing that causes inconvenience麻煩；困難；不便；引起不便（麻煩）的人或事e.g. He apologized for the inconvenience he had caused.他為自己所引起的麻煩道歉。Having to change trains is a small inconvenience.得換乘火車是有點不方便。2.v. to cause problem or difficulty to sb./sth. 給帶來不便或困難e.g. He promised to be quick so as not to inconvenience them any further.他答應(yīng)動作快點，以免給他們帶來更多不便。expense n.  money spent in doing a particular job, or for a particular purpose 花費；代價；消費；開支  e.g.  Most children in Britain are educated at public expense.英國大多數(shù)兒童享受公費教育。An annual holiday is a big expense.每年度假的費用是一筆大開銷。Collocations:at sb.s expense 由某人付錢at the expense of sth. 以為代價at no expense 免費地go to the expense of doing sth. 花很多錢（做某事）daily expense 日常開銷expense account 報銷賬單oweto  recognize sb./sth. as the cause or source of sth.; be indebted to sb./sth. for sth. 把歸因或歸功于  e.g.  He owes his success more to luck than to ability.他認(rèn)為自己的成功更多靠的是運氣而不是能力。I owe a debt of gratitude to all my family.我很感激我的家人。account n.  1.statement of money paid or owed for goods or services; arrangement made with bank, firm, etc. to leave your money there and take some out when one need 賬目；賬；賬戶e.g. The accounts show a profit of $ 9000.賬目上計有9000美元的盈利。Will you pay cash or shall I charge it to your account?你是付現(xiàn)金還是記賬？2.report; description 報告；描述e.g. She gave the police a full account of the accident.她向警方詳細(xì)描述了該事故的情況。Keep an account of your daily activities.把你的日?；顒佑涗浵聛怼ollocation:take account of sth. 考慮take sth. into account 對加以考慮of great no/little account 有/無價值by/from all accounts 據(jù)說on no account 決不on account of sth. 因為；由于on sb.s account 為了的緣故fame n.  the state of being known and talked about by many people 名聲；聲譽；名氣  e.g.  The young musician rose quickly to fame.那個年輕的音樂家很快就出了名。The film earned him international fame.這部影片為他贏得了國際聲譽。In those years he just fought for fame and fortune.那些年他只是為名利而奮斗。Word Family:famous adj. 著名的biography n.  1.the story of a persons life written by sb. else 傳記e.g. After reading a biography of Lincoln he was able to tell many stories about the President.他讀了林肯的傳記后， 能講出許多關(guān)于這位總統(tǒng)的故事。2.such writing as a branch of literature 傳記文學(xué)e.g. I prefer biography to fiction.我喜歡看傳記，不太喜歡看小說。Word Family:biographer n. 傳記作家biographic / biographical adj. 傳記的charming adj.  1.very pleasant or attractive 迷人的；吸引人的e.g. There are many charming country cottages in his hometown.在他的家鄉(xiāng)有很多迷人的鄉(xiāng)村小屋。2.(of a person or their manner) very polite, friendly, and likeable 彬彬有禮的，友好的，可愛的e.g. He is a charming young man.他是一個惹人喜歡的年輕男子。Antonym:charmless adj. 令人厭惡的Word Family:charm n. 吸引力；魅力charmer n. 可愛迷人的人on condition that  used for saying that one thing will happen only if another thing also happens 在的條件下；如果  e.g.  I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret.如果你答應(yīng)保密我就把真相告訴你。You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.你得穿上外衣才能出去。would rather than  used to say that you prefer to do or have one thing rather than another 寧愿而不愿  e.g.  I would rather travel by train than by plane.我愿意坐火車而不愿意坐飛機旅行。She would rather die than lose her children.她寧可死也不愿失去孩子們。endowwith  1.to give sth. to sb./sth. 把賦予e.g. Herbs have been used for centuries to endow a whole range of foods with subtle flavours.香草幾個世紀(jì)以來一直被用來賦予各種食品細(xì)膩的味道。2.to naturally have a good feature or quality 天生具有某種好的特點e.g. She is endowed with intelligence as well as beauty.她生來聰明貌美。3.to give a large sum of money, property, etc. to provide a regular income 資助；捐助e.g. He endowed the Church with lands.他向教會捐贈地產(chǎn)。Word Family:endowment n. 資助；天賦prospect n.  1.a wide view of a landscape, etc. 視野；景色e.g. a magnificent prospect of mountain peaks and lakes山峰和湖泊的壯麗景色2.the possibility that sth. will happen 某事發(fā)生的可能性e.g. There was no prospect of a reconciliation between them.他們之間沒有和解的可能性3.(prospects) chances or opportunities for future success or wealth （成功或發(fā)財）的機會；前程；前景e.g. The prospects for this years wine harvest are poor.今年的葡萄酒產(chǎn)量前景不佳。This job has no prospects.這工作毫無前途。Word Family:prospective adj. 預(yù)期的；未來可能發(fā)生的reflection n.  1.an image in a mirror, on a shiny surface, on water, etc. 映像；映照出的影像e.g. Meg stared at her reflection in the bedroom mirror.梅格注視著臥室鏡子里的自己。2.a thing reflecting the nature of a person, a thing, etc. 可反映人、事物等的本質(zhì)的東西e.g. Your clothes are a reflection of your personality.一個人的衣著可反映出其個性。3.thought or memory of past events; careful thought 沉思；回憶；思考e.g. After days of reflection she decided to write back.認(rèn)真思考了幾天之后她決定回信。lost in reflection陷入沉思中Word Family:reflective adj. 反射的；反映的；思考的；沉思的reflect v. 反射；反映；考慮  e.g.  Their actions clearly reflect their thoughts.他們的行動清楚地反映了他們的思想Collocations:reflection on sth. 經(jīng)沉思而產(chǎn)生的想法；反思be a (bad/poor/adverse) reflection on sb./sth. 損害某人（某事物）的名聲on reflection 再三考慮precious adj.  valuable or important and not to be wasted 寶貴的；珍貴的  e.g.  A family break allows you to spend precious time together.家庭度假會讓你們一起度過寶貴的時光。He has sent me most precious gifts.他送給我極其珍貴的禮物。Synonyms:valuable / costlyscatter v.  1.to throw or drop things in different directions so that they cover an area of ground 分撒；撒播e.g. Theyve been scattering toys everywhere.他們總是把玩具扔得到處都是。2.to cause (people or animals) to move quickly in different directions （使人或動物）散開e.g. The police scattered the crowd.警察驅(qū)散了人群。The birds scattered at the sound of the gun.槍聲一響，群鳥受驚飛散。Word Family:scattered adj.分散的；稀疏的  e.g.  a thinly scattered population分布得很稀疏的居民Collocation:scatter sth. with sth. 將某物撒在某物表面  e.g.  scatter the lawn with grass seed把草籽撒在草坪上stir v.  1.to leave or go out of (a place)（起身）走動e.g. She had not stirred from the house that evening.她那天晚上沒有離開過房子。Theres something you could study without stirring from this room.有些東西你不用離開這個房間也可以學(xué)習(xí)。2.to move a liquid or substance around with a spoon or stick in order to mix it together 攪拌，攪動；攪合e.g. Stir the soup for a few seconds.將湯攪和幾秒鐘。3.to excite or arouse (a person or his feelings, etc.) 激勵，鼓勵（某人）；激發(fā)（某人的情感等）e.g. The story stirred the boys imagination.故事引發(fā)了那男孩的幻想。Collocations:stir ones/the blood 使某人血液沸騰；使某人激動或興奮stir ones stumps 快走；趕緊；趕快stir sth. up 惹事，滋事stir sb. up 鼓動某人采取行動soar v.  1.to rise quickly and smoothly up into the air 升空；升騰e.g. The jet soared into the air.那架噴氣式飛機飛上了天空。If youre lucky, a splendid golden eagle may soar into view.幸運的話，會有一只光彩奪目的金雕飛入你的視野。2.to increase quickly to a high level 高漲e.g. Prices are soaring.物價在飛漲。soaring temperature迅速增高的溫度realm n.  1.an area of activity, interest, or knowledge 領(lǐng)域；場所e.g. Students interests are mostly limited to the academic realm.學(xué)生們的興趣大多限于學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域。in the realm of literature, science, etc.在文學(xué)、科學(xué)等領(lǐng)域2.kingdom 王國e.g. coins, peers, laws of the realm王國的錢幣、貴族、法律Synonyms:territory / domain / field / sphere / kingdomflock  1.v. to go or gather together somewhere in large numbers 成群地去或來；群集e.g. The public have flocked to the show.公眾蜂擁而至觀看演出。The criticisms will not stop people flocking to see the film.批評的聲音阻擋不了人們涌到影院去觀看這部電影。2.n. group of sheep, goats or birds of the same kind, either kept together or feeding and travelling together 一群e.g. a flock of wild geese一群雁flocks of sheep and herds of cattle牛群和羊群3.n. a large crowd of people 一大群人e.g. These cases all attracted flocks of famous writers.這些案件都吸引了大批知名作家的關(guān)注CF:flock, herd, swarm 這些名詞都有“群”之意。flock： 主要指鳥群、羊群等較小的動物群；也可指人群。  e.g.  A flock of birds flew towards us slowly from far away.一群鳥兒從遠(yuǎn)處朝我們緩緩飛來。herd： 一般指體積較大的動物的群，尤指家畜的群。  e.g.  large herds of elephant and buffalo.大群的大象和水牛swarm： 通常指蜜蜂、昆蟲等的群。  e.g.  There is a swarm of bees in the tree.這樹上有一窩蜜蜂。