【紅對勾 講與練】（新課標(biāo)）2021年高三英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 專題五 介詞及介詞短語（含解析）

專題五介詞及介詞短語高考精萃1(2014·北京卷)Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour.2(2014·天津卷)_ to the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.3(2014·重慶卷)She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went _ the road.4(2014·福建卷)Our club is open to everyone regardless _ age, sex or educational background.5(2014·浙江卷)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything _ .6(2014·浙江卷)Facing up to your problems _ running away from them is the best approach to working things out.7(2014·陜西卷)The Scottish girl _ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.8(2014·江西卷)It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life _ his great wealth.9(2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷)It was a real race _ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.10(2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷)A serious study of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics.11(2013·北京卷)I have an appointment _ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.12(2013·山東卷)The Smiths are praised _ the way they bring up their children.13(2013·浙江卷)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. _the meanwhile, I'll set the table.14(2013·福建卷)Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always _the way whenever she tries to.15(2013·遼寧卷)_behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.16(2013·江蘇卷)I am always delighted when I receive an e­mail from you. _regard to the party on July 1st I shall be pleased to attend.17(2013·湖北卷)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered _chance a long lost antique Greek vase.18(2013·陜西卷)The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will _time.19(2013·安徽卷)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library _ a book about it.20(2012·安徽卷)You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be _life.21(2012·福建卷)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals _the benefit of all its citizens.22(2012·浙江卷)_all the animals I've ever had，these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.23(2012·浙江卷)Brown said he was by no means annoyed; _ the contrary, he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.24(2012·陜西卷)An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are _ it.25(2012·全國卷)This shop will be closed for repairs _ further notice.26(2011·北京卷)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _ color.27(2011·上海卷)Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years.28(2011·天津卷)He was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.29(2011·重慶卷)Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read _ the library.30(2011·安徽卷)Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _ food safety problems.31(2011·江蘇卷)We'd better discuss everything_detail before we work out the plan.32(2011·浙江卷)I always wanted to do the job _ which I'd been trained.33(2011·湖北卷)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside in favor _ younger men.34(2010·江西卷)We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and _ return, dogs give us their all.35(2010·福建卷)More and more high­rise buildings have been built in big cities _ lack of space.答案與解析1in句意：簡很著急，因?yàn)槿ワw機(jī)場的火車半小時后就發(fā)車了?！癷n一段時間”用于表示將來的句子中，意為：在之后。2In addition to/Besides句意：除了學(xué)校以外，這個村莊還有一個診所，它也是在政府的支持下建造的。3off句意：她在轉(zhuǎn)彎處開得如此快，以至于車差點(diǎn)偏離公路。off 離開，偏離。4of句意：我們的俱樂部對所有人開放，不分年齡、性別和教育背景。regardless of 不管，不顧。5in句意：在村莊停留期間，James 無私地和村民分享他所擁有的一切，不要求任何回報。in return 作為回報。6rather than/instead of句意：面對你的問題而不是逃避它們才是解決問題的最好辦法。rather than/instead of 而不是。7with句意：在第五屆漢語演講比賽中，那位有著一雙藍(lán)色眼睛的蘇格蘭姑娘獲得了一等獎。with 表示“具有”。8despite/in spite of句意：令人難以置信的是，盡管很富有，Lucas 先生過著簡樸的生活。despite/in spite of 盡管。9against句意：完成這項(xiàng)工程真的是在與時間賽跑。但幸運(yùn)的是，我們成功了。against 在此處為“與競爭”之意。10without句意：沒有一定的數(shù)學(xué)知識，進(jìn)行嚴(yán)肅的物理學(xué)研究是不可能的。without “沒有”。11with句意：我和Smith 博士有一個約會，但是我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb. 與某人有約會、預(yù)約。12for句意：史密斯夫婦因?yàn)樗麄兣囵B(yǎng)孩子的方式而受到贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表達(dá)夫婦二人受贊揚(yáng)的原因，應(yīng)該用介詞for。13In句意：如果你能去商店買來我們晚餐所需要的東西，這將是一個巨大的幫助。同時，我將擺放餐具。in the meanwhile 同時。14in句意：史密斯太太覺得很難把雜亂的東西收拾好，因?yàn)闊o論她什么時候試圖整理，她的孩子們總是礙手礙腳。in the way/in sb.'s way 妨礙。15On句意：我代表這兒的每一個人，祝你們的回國旅程愉快。on behalf of 為固定詞組，意為“代表”。16With句意：我總是很高興收到你的郵件。關(guān)于7月1日的聚會，我將樂意參加。with regard to 關(guān)于。17by句意：一位最近乘坐渡船到這個南部島嶼旅行的藝術(shù)家偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個丟失已久的希臘古懂花瓶。by chance 偶然。18in句意：經(jīng)理想看到公司的變化，我確信他遲早會看到的。in time 遲早。19for句意：在你參觀一個名勝之前，要在你當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館找一本關(guān)于這個地方的書(了解一下)。look for 尋找。in your local library 是狀語。20for句意：你可以找工作，可以搬家，但友誼卻是受用終生的。for life 意為“一生，終生”。21for句意：為了所有公民的利益，中國一直在推行公立醫(yī)院的改革。for the benefit of 為了的利益。22Of句意：在所有我養(yǎng)過的動物中，這兩只狗對語言最敏感。此處of 用來表示范圍，意為“在之中”。23on句意：布朗說他一點(diǎn)兒都不生氣，正相反(on the contrary)，他很高興能把自己的意思表達(dá)清楚。24against句意：達(dá)成一致意見看來是不可能了，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)委員會成員都對此表示反對(against)。25until句意：這家商店將停止維修，直到另行通知。until 后接名詞時為介詞，后接句子時為連詞。26in句意：由于有了新技術(shù)，水下的山谷也可以被拍出彩色的照片。in color 意為“以彩色的形式呈現(xiàn)”。27through句意：畢業(yè)之際是一個向那些曾幫助你度過艱難歲月的人們表示感謝的好時機(jī)。through 為“度過”之意。28above句意：他是個好學(xué)生，而且大部分學(xué)科的成績都高于平均分。above average 高于平均水平。根據(jù)a good student 可知應(yīng)該是高于平均水平。29from句意：雪莉，一個真正愛讀書的人，經(jīng)常從圖書館帶許多書回家讀。30to句意：有時候，解決食品安全問題的恰當(dāng)?shù)霓k法并不難找到。answer 與 to 連用，表示“的答案/解決辦法”。該句子中answers to food safety problems 被are not far to seek 分隔開。31in句意：在制訂計劃之前，我們最好詳細(xì)討論一下所有的事情。in detail 詳細(xì)地。32for句意：我總想做曾為之受過培訓(xùn)的工作。將先行詞代入定語從句后為：I had been trained (for) the job.“為目的”需用介詞for。33of句意：在被問到他們對校長的看法時，很多老師說他們更愿意看到他讓賢于更年輕的人。句中的step aside 表示“讓位，讓開”，后面接介詞短語in favor of 表示這些老師更贊成起用更年輕的人。34in句意：我們給予狗我們能勻出來的時間、空間和愛。作為回報，狗給予我們它們的全部。in return 作為回報，作為報答。35for句意：因缺少空間，在大城市里，越來越多的高樓大廈拔地而起。for lack of 意為“因缺乏”。模擬精選1(2014·河南開封第一次摸底)Three of the town's factories have closed down _ the space of a year.2(2014·沈陽質(zhì)量預(yù)測)We often hear children sing songs happily in the kindergarten _ the street.3(2014·河北保定調(diào)研)How smart you are in that suit!Can't you see I'm thinner? I've managed to lose my weight _ 10 pounds.4(2014·重慶聯(lián)合測試)Like golf, yoga is a recent arrival _ China, and could be on its way to becoming a booming business.5(2014·北京東城統(tǒng)一檢測)Mr. Carter will be the main speaker _ the graduation ceremony.6(2014·河南洛陽統(tǒng)考)To our surprise, the price of oil rose _ a further $2 a barrel.7(2014·安徽慶安二模)David was always _ his best in any danger, but at that moment he froze.8(2014·浙江溫州第一次適應(yīng)性測試)Every teenager needs to experience a not­so­fun first job _ working at a grocery store to a fast food restaurant.9(2014·陜西寶雞質(zhì)檢二)Tom is one of the top students in our school and the scores he's got in each exam are always far _ average.10(2014·鄭州第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測)What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?Well, let's discuss it _ lunch.11(2014·昆明第一次調(diào)研)The dress is very nice, but not _ the girl's taste, for she is somehow particular.12(2014·太原五中第一學(xué)期測試)What do you think of Tom playing football?I don't think he is much _ a good footballer.13(2014·北京東城3月聯(lián)考)Math is _ me. I can never get high grades.14(2014·山東青島期中)The equipment for disabled people should be _ easy reach in public places.15(2014·山東濰坊期中)Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health.16(2014·北京朝陽一模)In some countries, friends kiss _ both cheeks when they say goodbye.17(2014·浙江寧波二模) Jack, what's your main reason for choosing one restaurant _ another?18(2014·北京海淀下學(xué)期期中)The purpose of the article is to draw public attention _ the problem.19(2014·天津和平二模)The accident was my fault, so I had to pay the damage _ the other car.20(2014·福建廈門3月質(zhì)檢)Our province has recently launched a “Beautiful China, Refreshing Fujian” tourism promotion campaign, _ its fresh air as the main selling point.答案與解析1within句意：這個鎮(zhèn)里的工廠有三家在一年的時間內(nèi)就倒閉了。within “在(某段時間)之內(nèi)”，后加一段時間，符合句意。2across句意：我們經(jīng)?？梢月牭浇值懒硪贿呌變簣@的小朋友在快樂地唱歌。across 表示從某物的表面“橫過”。3by由句中的“Can't you see I'm thinner？”可知，答話人和以前相比瘦了，因此填by。by數(shù)量詞表示升降、增減的程度。4to句意：和高爾夫一樣，瑜伽也是近年才出現(xiàn)在中國，它可能會成為一個蓬勃發(fā)展的行業(yè)。這里用介詞to表示“對來說”。5at句意：Carter 先生將作為畢業(yè)典禮上主要的發(fā)言人。at the graduation ceremony 意思是“在畢業(yè)典禮上”，為固定短語。6by句意：讓我們驚訝的是，石油每桶又漲了兩美元。表示上升或下降的幅度用介詞by。7at句意：遇到任何危險大衛(wèi)都會保持自己的最佳狀態(tài)，但在那一刻他卻愣住了。這里用介詞短語at one's best 表示“(健康、情緒、才能、競技等)處于最佳狀態(tài)，處于全盛時期”。8from句意：每個青少年都需要經(jīng)歷第一份不太有趣的工作從在雜貨店工作到在快餐店工作。此處是from.to.“從到”結(jié)構(gòu)。9above根據(jù)“Tom is one of the top students in our school”可知，湯姆在歷次考試中的得分總是高于平均水平。above average “高于平均水平”。10over句意：本周末的野餐我們準(zhǔn)備些什么呢？哦，我們吃午飯的時候商量一下吧。這里用介詞over 表示“在期間”。11to句意：這件裙子很漂亮，但是不符合這個女孩的口味，因?yàn)樗行┨籼?。to one's taste “符合某人的口味”，為固定短語。12of此處表示“我認(rèn)為他不是一個很好的足球運(yùn)動員”，not be much of a(n)n.表示“算不上是”，為固定搭配，符合語境，該句使用了否定轉(zhuǎn)移。13beyond句意：數(shù)學(xué)對我來說很難。我從來都得不了高分。beyond “在的那邊；超過”。14within句意：在公共場所為殘疾人提供的設(shè)備應(yīng)便于觸及。within reach “在夠得著的范圍”。15on句意：科學(xué)家們確信笑對人的身心健康有積極的影響。effect 后接on，意為“對的影響”為固定搭配。16on句意：在一些國家，朋友告別的時候，在兩邊臉頰上親吻。on 表示“在表面”。17over句意：杰克，你選擇一家飯店而不選擇另一家的主要原因是什么？18to句意：這篇文章的目的是引起公眾對這個問題的關(guān)注。draw attention to “引起注意”。19to句意：這次事故是我的錯，所以我不得不賠償另一輛車的損失。the damage to “對的損失”，用介詞to。20withwith its fresh air as the main selling point 是with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們省近來推出“美麗中國，清新福建”旅游推廣活動，把清新的空氣作為主要賣點(diǎn)。創(chuàng)新預(yù)測1What about the milk of this brand?It is at least as good as, if not superior _， that of other brands.2The book is intended _ foreigners who want to learn about the Chinese culture and history.3I'm too busy to go to the bank to check whether she has put the money in my bank account.It's easy to check your bank account _ the Internet.4His painting won a big prize and was purchased by a museum last week.Yes. You know, he has a talent _ painting.5Facing an aging population, Finland hopes to maintain economic growth by making people work _ their retirement age.6Specific plans for emergencies, such as flooded underground projects, are still not _ place although some cities have put forward plans to deal with swollen rivers.7A statue of Mr. Mandela was open to the public at the Union Buildings on December 16 _ honour of him.8Our government has been claiming that people should be hired regardless _ race, color, religion or sex.9The G20 was created in December 1999 _ response to the financial crisis to promote open and constructive discussions between rich and developing countries.10Tom will deliver a speech at the graduation ceremony _ behalf of our class.11He is _ charge of the project which is beneficial _ us.12To be free _ the noise pollution, he moved to a quiet place in the countryside.13I'm short _ money, so I'm afraid to be out _ work.14The house _ repair dates _ 1950.15Mr Green went to work _ usual _ spite of the heavy rain.16I'm curious _ the little cottage and went inside.17The man told us the accident _ detail.18The boat was _ the mercy of the storm but was spotted by a passing ship _ accident.19He felt _ ease _ the sight of his son's safe return.20Much _ my relief, my son got rid _ his bad habits.答案與解析1tobe superior to 為固定詞組，意為“比好，優(yōu)于”。2forbe intended for 意為“為打算(設(shè)計)”，為固定搭配。3viavia the Internet 通過(經(jīng)由)因特網(wǎng)。4forhave a talent for 意為“對有天賦”，為固定搭配。5beyondbeyond their retirement age 超過他們的退休年齡。此句意為：芬蘭面臨人口老齡化問題，希望通過讓人們達(dá)到退休年齡之后繼續(xù)工作來保持經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。6in句意：盡管一些城市已經(jīng)提出了處理高漲河水的計劃，但是諸如受淹的地下工程之類的應(yīng)急具體計劃還沒有準(zhǔn)備就緒。in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫m當(dāng)?shù)?，恰?dāng)?shù)?，?zhǔn)備就緒。7in句意：為了紀(jì)念曼德拉先生，在12月16日聯(lián)合大廈前他的雕像被揭幕了。in honour of 為了紀(jì)念。8ofregardless of 意為“不管，不顧”。此處指政府要求在雇用人員時應(yīng)該忽略他們的種族、膚色、宗教或性別。9inin response to 作為對的回應(yīng)。此處指“G20在1999年12月成立是為了應(yīng)對金融危機(jī)”。10onon behalf of 代表。句意：湯姆將代表我們班在畢業(yè)典禮上作演講。11in; toin charge of 負(fù)責(zé)；be beneficial to 對有益。12from/ofbe free from/of 擺脫。13of; ofbe short of 缺少； out of work 失業(yè)。14under; fromunder repair 正在修理；date from 起始于。15as; inas usual 照常；in spite of 不管。16aboutbe curious about 對好奇。17inin detail 詳細(xì)地。18at; byat the mercy of 任由擺布；by accident 偶然。19at; atfeel at ease 感到輕松；at the sight of 看見。20to; ofto one's relief 令某人欣慰的是；get rid of 除掉。7