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1、1第7講 主謂一致21. Onethird of the country _ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _ black people. (2011湖南卷26) A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is【解析】選A。分?jǐn)?shù)及百分比后接名詞的謂語動詞由名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來決定。名詞為單數(shù)謂語動詞就用單數(shù);名詞為復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。a/the majority of(大多數(shù))后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。32. The factory used 65 percent of the raw
2、 materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes. (2011安徽卷27) A. is B. are C. was D. were 【解析】選D。the rest of n.后的謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞單復(fù)數(shù)而定。此句中which指代raw materials(原材料)。根據(jù)前后句的時態(tài)一致性可知要用一般過去時。進(jìn)行含義。 4考點1.代詞作主語Nothing but stamps and envelopes _ for sale. A. are B. is C. are left D. remain 【解析】選B。nothing作主語
3、表單數(shù)概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。but后的名詞不影響謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。 主謂一致的原則:形式一致;內(nèi)容一致;就近一致。5 1. 由each, either, neither, one, the other, another, anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, no one, nothing等指代單數(shù)名詞的不定代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 2主語是who, what, which, all, more, most, some, any,
4、none, the rest等時,謂語動詞的形式須依據(jù)具體情況而定。 3. such, the same 起指示代詞作用時,應(yīng)根據(jù)其所指定的內(nèi)容來決定單復(fù)數(shù)。6考點2.名詞作主語Apples of this kind _ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 【解析】選B。n. of this kind后的謂語動詞由名詞單復(fù)數(shù)來定。sell well 暢銷,用主動表被動。7 1. 主語是board, family, class, team, group, crowd, audience, company, crew, committee,
5、enemy, government, party等名詞,如果作為整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;如果作為其中一個一個的成員,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 2. 主語是時間、距離、價格、度量衡單位等名詞或短語,不論它們是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。 3. 主語是news, politics, physics, plastics, mathematics等名詞時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。 4. 主語若是書名、劇名、報紙雜志名稱或國家、單位名稱時,即使名詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式,謂語動詞也只能用單數(shù)形式。8 5. 主語是clothes, compasses, goods, glasses, trousers, sci
6、ssors, shoes, gloves等名詞時,謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 6. 主語是kind of, type of, pair of, amount of, quantity of+名詞時,謂語動詞的形式須依照kind, type, amount, pair, quantity的數(shù)而確定。 7. 主語是the number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。但主語是a number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)時,謂語動詞卻用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 8. population作主語時,謂語一般用單數(shù);但其前有(百)分?jǐn)?shù)時,謂語一般用復(fù)數(shù)。 9. 主語是 means, works(工廠), sheep, fi
7、sh, Japanese, Chinese等名詞時,謂語動詞的形式須依照它們在句中的意義來確定。9考點3.兩個或兩個以上的名詞連在一起作主語 No bird and no beast _ on the lonely island. A. are seen B. is seen C. see D. sees 【解析】選 B。 no A and no B 后謂語動詞用單數(shù)。10 1. 用and連接并列主語,謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如: To play football and to go swimming are useful for charactertraining. 但是如果并列主語指的是同
8、一個人,同一事物或同一概念時,如bread and butter; soda and water; coffee and water; aim and end; salt and water等,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 如When and where to go for the onsalary holiday hasnt been decided yet. 2. the+n1+and+n2指同一個人,如the writer and painter, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。11 3. and所連接的兩個名詞前分別有every, each, no, many a 等修飾時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 4.
9、主語是連接詞or, eitheror, neithernor, whetheror, not but, not onlybut also等連接的名詞或代詞時,謂語動詞的形式須與最接近的名詞或代詞保持一致。 5. 主語是“A+ with / as well as / along with / together with / like / rather than / except / but / including / plus / besides / in addition to+B”結(jié)構(gòu)時,謂語須與A保持一致。 6. more than one+名詞單數(shù);a+名詞單數(shù)+or two等作句子的主
10、語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。12考點4. “the+形容詞或分詞”作主語The wounded _ been carried to hospital already.A. is B. are C. has D. have 【解析】選D?!皌he+分詞”指人作主語時,謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。13 1. “the+形容詞或分詞”指人作主語時,謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 2. “the+形容詞或分詞”指抽象概念作主語時,謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。14考點5.句子、短語作主語Most of what has been said about the Smiths_also true of the Johnso
11、ns.A. are B. isC. being D. to be 【解析】選B。 15 1. 主語是不定式或動名詞時,謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。 2. 主語是從句時,謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式,但在“主語+系動詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)中,如果是what從句作主語,其謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于后面的表語。 3. 在強調(diào)句型“It +be +被強調(diào)部分+ that/who ”中, be總是用單數(shù)形式;that/who 后的謂語動詞的形式必須跟被強調(diào)的主語保持一致。 4. 定語從句中謂語動詞的形式必須跟先行詞保持一致。16Barbara is the only one of the athletes who _ a winn
12、er of the 100metre race in our town since 1998. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been 【 解 析 】 選 D 。 當(dāng) o n e 之 前 有 t h e 或 t h e o n l y / v e r y / j u s t 時 , 定 語 從 句 則 是 修 飾 t h e (only/very/just) one 的,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。此題中后有時間狀語since 1998,故用現(xiàn)在完成時。17 溫馨提示:在“one of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語從句的謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但當(dāng)one前面有the (only)修飾時,定語從句的謂語動詞一般是用單數(shù)形式。 5. 當(dāng)There / Here be后有幾個主語時, be與鄰近的主語保持一致。