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1、 非非謂語動詞經(jīng)常作謂語動詞經(jīng)常作狀語狀語。動詞不定式常用作動詞不定式常用作目的狀語目的狀語，動詞動詞-ing 或動詞或動詞-ed則常用則常用作原因、時間、方式、條件作原因、時間、方式、條件等狀語。等狀語。To do first aid correctly, you have to study with a teacher.In order not to waste electricity, we turned the light off.Check your composition carefully so as to avoid mistakes. 1我們用動詞不定式表示目的。有三種形式，
2、我們用動詞不定式表示目的。有三種形式，可互換：可互換：to do, in order to do, so as to do (不不用于句首用于句首) 1. Did the book give the information you needed? Yes. But _ it, I had to read the entire book.A.to find B. find C. to be finding D. finding 2._this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. A. Having made B. Make
3、C. To make D. Making3 All these gifts must be mailedimmediately _ in time for Christmas.A.in order to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving析析: so as to (不能放句首不能放句首), to, in order to作目的作目的狀語可以放在句首或句中。狀語可以放在句首或句中。 4 He hurried to the station only _ that
4、the train had gone. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found補充補充1: 在在so as to, such as to, only to 結(jié)構(gòu)中結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式作不定式作結(jié)果狀語結(jié)果狀語，其中，其中常用常用 only to do來表來表示末曾預(yù)料到或令人不快的情況，其動作發(fā)生示末曾預(yù)料到或令人不快的情況，其動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之后。在謂語動作之后。5 I FEEL GREATLY HONORED _ INTO THEIR SOCIETY. A. TO WELCOME B. WELCOMING C. TO BE WELCOMED
5、 D. WELCOMED 補充補充2:不定式常放在表示不定式常放在表示情緒反應(yīng)情緒反應(yīng)的形容詞后作原因狀語。的形容詞后作原因狀語。如：如：happy, sorry, glad, sad, surprised, disappointed. 不定不定式不放在句首。式不放在句首。補充補充 3 :不定式常與不定式常與too或或enough連用，連用，在句中作狀語。在句中作狀語。 例如：例如：The boy isnt old enough to go to school.=The boy is too young to go to school.2我們可以用動詞我們可以用動詞-ing或動詞或動詞-ed作
6、狀語。作狀語。 動詞動詞-ing或動詞或動詞-ed可用來表示可用來表示 緣由或起因緣由或起因。Being a student, I must work hard.Not knowing what to do next, he turned to the teacher for help.Followed by a stranger, she felt frightened.Interested in Chinese culture, Tony came to China last year.1)不知道他的地址，我們沒法與他取得聯(lián)系。不知道他的地址，我們沒法與他取得聯(lián)系。_, we couldn
7、t get in touch with him.2)在這個學(xué)校已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)一年了，我非常了解在這個學(xué)校已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)一年了，我非常了解這個學(xué)校。這個學(xué)校。_, I am familiar with it.Not knowing his addressHaving studied in this school for one year3)深深地被這個故事感動，激動的人們停止深深地被這個故事感動，激動的人們停止了爭吵。了爭吵。_, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other. 4)受到這人演講的鼓舞，這個年輕人下決心受到這人演講的鼓舞，這個年
8、輕人下決心要更努力工作。要更努力工作。_, the young people made up their minds to work harder. Deeply moved by the story Encouraged by the speechWorking in the factory, he was an advanced worker. Walking on the roads in the countryside, I can see a variety of wild flowers.Seen from the hill, the park looks more beautif
9、ul .Asked when he would arrive, he said it was uncertain. 動詞動詞- -inging或動詞或動詞-ed-ed可用來表示可用來表示 時間時間。1）當(dāng)聽到這個消息的時候，他們都高興的跳了起來。）當(dāng)聽到這個消息的時候，他們都高興的跳了起來。 _, they all jumped with joy.2) 看到這些圖片，我們都情不自禁的想起在北京的那些日子?？吹竭@些圖片，我們都情不自禁的想起在北京的那些日子。 _, we couldnt help thinking of those days in Beijing.3）When_ help, on
10、e often says “ Thank you. ” or “ It s kind of you. ” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered Hearing the newsSeeing those picturesArriving at the airport, he started looking for the tour guide.我們也可以用動詞我們也可以用動詞-ing形式表示一個動形式表示一個動作先發(fā)生，而主句動作則緊隨其后。作先發(fā)生，而主句動作則緊隨其后。Getting back from work, she b
11、egan to cook.Americans like travelling, driving their cars.They often communicate with each other, using English.The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.動詞動詞-ing或動詞或動詞-ed可用來表示可用來表示 方式方式。1）他）他坐坐在桌子旁讀書。在桌子旁讀書。 He is reading，_.2）我和父親坐在桌子旁邊討論著我的工）我和父親坐在桌子旁邊討論著我的工作問題。作問題。 _, my father and I
12、 were talking about my job.sitting at the tableSeated at the tableWorking hard, you will succeed one day.Putting more salt into the soup, you will find it more delicious.Given more time, we could have done it much better. Compared with other professors, she was an excellent speaker. 1) 在英語方面努力點，你就會取
13、得更大的進(jìn)步的。在英語方面努力點，你就會取得更大的進(jìn)步的。 _, you will make greater progress.2)向左轉(zhuǎn)，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)我們通向我向左轉(zhuǎn)，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)我們通向我們學(xué)校的那條小路。們學(xué)校的那條小路。_, you will find the path leading to our school.3)水如果被加熱，會變成水蒸氣。水如果被加熱，會變成水蒸氣。 _, water changes into steam.Working hard at EnglishTurning to the left(If )heated3我們可以將我們可以將動詞動詞-ing或動詞或動詞-ed
14、用在連詞用在連詞（when, while, once（一旦），（一旦），if, unless, though, although）等后面。（分別表示時間、）等后面。（分別表示時間、條件或讓步）條件或讓步）When waiting for the bus, he saw an old friend.While reading the novel, he nodded from time to time. Once seen , it will never be forgotten. Unless invited to speak, you should remain silent at the
15、conference. Though feeling tired, he keeps on running.Having made our plan, we will put it into practice. Having been attacked by terrorists, the tall building collapsed .4我們可以用我們可以用having +動詞動詞-ed 或或 having been + 動詞動詞-ed的形式來表示主的形式來表示主動完成任務(wù)或被動完成之意。動完成任務(wù)或被動完成之意。1）_ in the queuefor half an hour, the
16、old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car. A.Waiting B. To wait C. Having Waited D. To have waited 2）_, but he still couldnt understand the logical connection of the two subjects. A.Having told many times B. Having been told many timesC. He was told many times D. Many times as he w
17、as told分詞短語作狀語時，分詞短語作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致。子的主語一致。當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語與主句的主語不同時，當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語與主句的主語不同時，分分詞前必須加上自己的主語，詞前必須加上自己的主語，此結(jié)構(gòu)被稱為此結(jié)構(gòu)被稱為獨獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如：如：Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week.So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed.She ran up to me, her hai
18、r flying in the wind.1）Faced with a bill for 10,000,_. A. John has taken an extra jobB. the boss has given john an extra jobC. an extra job has been takenD. an extra job has been given to John2）In order to improve English, . A. Jennys father bought her a lot of tapes B. Jenny bought a lot of tapes f
19、or herself C. a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny D. a lot of tapes were bought by Jennys father3) All the tickets _(sell out), they went away disappointedly. 4)Time _(permit) , well do another two exercises. 5)There _ (be) no bus, we had to walk home .6) His hands _ （tie） by the policeman, his face
20、 went pale with fear.sold outpermittedwastiedPAGE251. to learn how to ski2. Accompanied by an experienced ski instructor3. Thinking that she knew how to ski well4. while skiing downhill5. Although not expecting trouble6. Having been checked at the nearest hospital7. Hearing the news8.Not knowing how
21、 serious the situation was9. Arriving at the hospital 10. if properly treatedPractice 1. When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed2. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left. A. to tell B
22、. to be told C. telling D. told3. _ themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. To have kept4. _that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A.Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized5. He sent
23、 me an e-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope6. _ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. A.Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed 7. The plane crashed，_ all 200 people aboard. A. killed B. having killed C. killing D. had killed8. _ the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. A.Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete9. _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walkedHOMEWORK Do Parts C1 and C2 in the workbook .
高中英語 Unit2《Period Four Grammar and usage》課件2 譯林版選修6
