中考英語(yǔ) 第三部分 中考題型探究 第39講 閱讀理解課件.ppt

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英語(yǔ) 第39講閱讀理解 ChipwasinfirstgradewhenIarrivedathisschoolasacounselor 輔導(dǎo)員 Itwasshockingtomethathewasdescribedasanangry uncontrollableandevil 惹人厭的 boy Howcouldsuchalittleboy afterbeinginschoolonlyoneyear beconsidered evil Overthenextseveralmonths IcametoknowChipwellenoughtoseethathewasneitherevilnoruncontrollable But oneday Chipthrewachairathisteacherandwassenttomyoffice Iaskedhimwhatmadehimdothis Herepliedthathisteacherhatedhim Hefelttherewasnowaytoevergethertolikehim Iaskedhimifhewouldtellhisteacherthis Henodded andwecalledherintomyoffice Whentheteachercame Hethensaidthatheknewhewasavery verybadboy andhedidn tthinkanyonecouldeverlikehim Histeacherlistenedtohimwithheartfeltcompassion Thenshegavehimabigwarmhug tellinghimshedidn thatehimatalland actually shecaredverymuchabouthim OnlysometimesChip sbehaviorreallyscaredher ItwascleartobothChipandmethatshereallymeantit Iputmyleftarmonhisshouldersandtherighthandonhisheart ItoldhimhowwonderfulandlovelyIsawhimtobe Ipraisedhowspecialandbravehewastoexpresshishurtfeelings AsIwasspeakingtohim his whole body came to rest on my right hand next to his heart ItwasamomentintimeunlikeanythingIhadexperiencedbefore Fromthenon I mpleasedtoseehisbehaviorimprovedthroughtherestofschoolyears Achild smindisclearandsensitive 敏感的 Hereceiveswhateverotherssaywithoutprotection Itisaseasytoconsidersomeonehopelessasitistoconsiderhimableinhisownspecialway 1 Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus A ChipwasverypopularatschoolB theteacherdidn tcareaboutChipatallC ChiphadnowaytogetotherstolikehimD thewriterthoughtdifferentlyaboutChip2 Whichofthefollowingisthebestsentencetofillintheblankinthepassage A shecouldn tcontrolherfeelingsB IadvisedhertobemorepatientC ChipbecameangryandcrazyagainD IencouragedChiptoexpresshisfeelings D D 3 TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5showsthatChip A acceptedthewriterB wantedarestC wasquiteafraidD feltalittlenervous4 Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage A Nopains nogains B Loveme lovemydog C Expecthigher actbetter D Wherethereisawill thereisaway A C 中考英語(yǔ) 閱讀理解 題主要是考查考生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力 很多同學(xué)在做題時(shí)常常有一種 讀得懂做不對(duì) 的感覺(jué) 因此對(duì)閱讀理解這種題型及其解題技巧作一些簡(jiǎn)要的分析很有必要 從近幾年的中考閱讀理解情況看 短文體裁多樣 題材各異 文章涉及科學(xué)知識(shí) 社會(huì)文化 政治歷史 人文環(huán)境和日常生活等方面 充分體現(xiàn)其時(shí)代性和實(shí)用性 短文難度逐年加大 常見(jiàn)題型有主旨題 細(xì)節(jié)題 推斷題 猜測(cè)詞義題和判斷正誤題 做 閱讀理解 題應(yīng)先看問(wèn)題 弄清考點(diǎn) 在閱讀短文之前 快速瀏覽問(wèn)題 以便在閱讀短文時(shí)做到心中有數(shù) 快速 準(zhǔn)確地捕捉所需信息 其次要注意先易后難 做題時(shí)不必拘泥于書(shū)中所呈現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)篇順序 應(yīng)遵循先易后難的原則 如可先做細(xì)節(jié)題再做推斷題 因?yàn)榧?xì)節(jié)題大多能直接從文中找到答案 而推斷題則需對(duì)短文進(jìn)行深層理解 再作判斷 主旨概括題主旨題主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)短文中心思想或作者意圖的掌握 做此類(lèi)題時(shí) 應(yīng)通讀全文 理解文章大意 充分理解主題句的意義 短文往往圍繞主題句展開(kāi) 主題句通常出現(xiàn)在短文第一句或最后一句 細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)題是用來(lái)進(jìn)一步表達(dá)主題 體現(xiàn)中心思想的 往往針對(duì)短文某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)設(shè)題 做此類(lèi)題時(shí) 應(yīng)快速捕捉信息 可能是一些事例 數(shù)字等 閱讀時(shí)要有針對(duì)性 推理判斷題推斷題就是根據(jù)某個(gè)事實(shí)推斷結(jié)論的題型 主要考查學(xué)生的理解力和推斷力 這類(lèi)推斷通常包括 數(shù)據(jù)事實(shí)推斷 常識(shí)推斷以及作者的寫(xiě)作目的 態(tài)度和傾向等的推斷 做此類(lèi)題時(shí) 應(yīng)根據(jù)短文中的相關(guān)語(yǔ)句 對(duì)與事實(shí)有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)加以分析 找出線索 悟出字里行間的意思 反復(fù)比較 從而作出合乎邏輯的判斷 猜測(cè)詞義題猜測(cè)詞義題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文正確判斷靈活變化的詞義的能力 一般情況下 推斷詞義的題目中所出現(xiàn)的單詞 大多數(shù)是學(xué)生未曾見(jiàn)過(guò)的生詞 學(xué)生需要在該詞出現(xiàn)的上下文中去尋找線索 通過(guò)閱讀上下文 斷定該詞的真正含義 然后將這個(gè)釋義代入文中 檢查是否貼切 仔細(xì)比較直到得出該詞的確切含義 例1 Aren tmobilephones e mailandvoicemailsupposedtohelpuscommunicatemoreeasily Sadly that snotalwaysthecase Taketheotherdayforexample whenIwaswalkingthroughtheparkwithmyfriend suddenlyhismobilephonerangandheansweredit leavingmealoneandcuttingourconversationdead Infact theparkwasfilledwithpeopletalkingontheirmobilephones Theywerepassingotherpeoplewithoutevenlookingatthem orstoppingtowalktheirdogs Clearly peoplepreferredthemobilephonetohumancontact 聯(lián)系 Whyisitthatthemoreconnectedweget themoredisconnectedIfeel Developmentincommunicationtechnologyseemstokeeppeoplefromhumancontact Withe mailovertheInternet wecancommunicatewithoutseeingortalkingtooneanother Withvoicemail youcanhaveconversationswithoutevenmeetingthatperson Evensomefoodstoresareusingself scanners 自助掃描儀 sothatyoucancheckyourselfout Asthecontactbetweenhumanbeingsbecomesautomated 自助化的 myfeelingofbeingdisconnectedgetsstronger Don tgetmewrong I mnotagainstmachines Ialsoownamobilephone avoicemailsystem andane mailaccount Givingthemupisn tagoodidea astheyareusefultohavearound It sjustthatwhentheykeepusawayfromhumancontact Ibegintofeelsad Moreandmore Ifindmyselfansweringe mailinsteadoftalkingtopeople Thetechnologythatwasmadetohelpkeepusincontactwitheachotheris infactmakingmefeelmorelonely Whatistobedone Well I vemademyselfaplantouselesstechnology noe mailingpeoplewholivenearme andnolettingthevoicemailpickupwhenI mathome 1 TheexampleinParagraph1showsthatpeoplenow A communicatemoreeasilyB disliketalkingfacetofaceatallC prefertalkingontheirmobilephonesD areonlygoodatusingmobilephones2 Theunderlinedword disconnected inParagraph2probablymeans A lonelyB satisfiedC stupidD interested 3 Itcanbeinferred 推斷 fromthepassagethat A thewriterisgoingtogiveupmobilephonesB machinesarenownotusefultohavearoundC machinesactuallykeeppeopleclosertoeachotherD thewriterdecidesnottophoneothersalotwhenwithfriends4 Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage A TechnologyandHumanLifeB TheImportanceofTechnologyC TechnologyandHumanContactD TheDevelopmentofTechnology 短文大意 本文講的是科技和人際交往方面的問(wèn)題 1 C 解析 由第一段中的 Clearly peoplepreferredthevoiceonthemobilephonetohumancontact 可知答案為C 2 A 解析 此處表示 我們聯(lián)系得越密切 反而覺(jué)得越?jīng)]有聯(lián)系 即 反而覺(jué)得孤單 故答案為A 3 D 解析 通讀最后一段 由其中的 I vemakemyselfaplantouselesstechnology 可推斷答案為D 4 C 解析 通讀全文可知 本文講的是科技和人際交往方面的問(wèn)題 故最佳標(biāo)題是C項(xiàng) Accordingtoarecentstudy thereareabout70 000blindchildreninIndonesia Amongthem 60percentwerenotbornblind IyehezkielParudaniisoneofthem wholosthiseyesightbyaccidentatagesix HenowteachesEnglishtoblindstudentsatthePajajaranSpecialSchool IyehezkielParudanisayslearningEnglishcanhelpblindpeoplefeelbetteraboutthemselves BylearningEnglish theycanbeanEnglishteacher atranslator andatourguide StudentsreadusingBraille 盲文 Towrite theyusespecialtools too IyehezkielParudanisaysblindpeopleshouldnotlettheirphysicaldisabilityinfluencetheirdreams In2008 hegotachancetostudyattheUniversityofTexas Twoyearslater hegotamaster sdegreeincoursedevelopmentthere IntheUS ifIgototheuniversitytostudy everythingisavailable likee books Braillebooks HereinIndonesia youknow it sdifficulttofindareferencebookine bookorinBraille Wehavetomakeitourselves IntheUS IcanmovewhereverIwantbecauseeverythingdesignedisreallyaccessibleforpeoplewithblindness EhaLestari oneofhisstarstudents sayslearningEnglishhaschangedherlife ShehasalreadytraveledtotheUSwiththehelpofanIndonesia U S program IstudyEnglishbecauseIloveEnglishverymuch IwanttobeatranslatorbecauseIwanttogototheothercountriesandthenIwanttomeetsomepeoplefromaroundtheworld Likeherclassmates Ehalovestosing Here musicispartofdailylife EventhestudentswhodonotstudyEnglishcansingsomeAmericanpopsongs suchasStandByMe Standbyme Pleasestand standbyme Standbyme IyehezkielParudanisaysthesonghasspecialmeaningtothestudents Inourlife weneedotherpersons Youhavetostandbyme Withoutyoustandingbyme I mmeaningless 1 AccordingtowhatIyehezkielsays learningEnglishcanhelpblindstudentsto A havemorechancestogetjobsB visitEnglish speakingcountriesC getamaster sdegreeeasilyD readBraillebooksquickly2 Theunderlinedword accessible inthethirdparagraphmightmean A funtouseB easytoreachC hardtobreakD safetochoose A B 3 Fromthelasttwoparagraphs wecaninfer 推斷 thatthestudents A sangsongssidebysideB achievedtheirdreamsC hadameaninglesslifeD neededhelpfromothers4 Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe A ABlindGirlLearningEnglishB BlindChildrenSingingSongsC ABlindManTeachingEnglishD BlindTeachersLivingbyMe D C