2019屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專(zhuān)題--特殊句式（有解析）+高中優(yōu)秀作文：堅(jiān)定不移

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2019 屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專(zhuān)題-特殊句式（有解析）+高中優(yōu)秀作文：堅(jiān)定不移特殊句型是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中必須掌握的難點(diǎn)知識(shí)，熟練地掌握和使用對(duì)提高應(yīng)試能力有很大的幫助。通過(guò)近幾年試題的分析與研究，主要從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行考查：倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句和省略句。在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，首先應(yīng)弄清楚如何正確地使用，其次要在具體的語(yǔ)境中靈活使用。近三年的高考題更加注重考查知識(shí)之間的交叉現(xiàn)象，如在考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句的同時(shí)考查定語(yǔ)從句，把省略、強(qiáng)調(diào)句與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的考查等融合在一起，考查考生綜合把握語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力。考點(diǎn) 1 強(qiáng)調(diào)句-強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)及其中的 who 和 that強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本構(gòu)成為：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+其他成分。無(wú)論強(qiáng)調(diào)那個(gè)部分，其后面的連接詞只能用 who 或者that。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分指人時(shí)，可用 who 或 that；被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分不指人時(shí)，切不可因?yàn)閺?qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因或者方式狀語(yǔ)而用 when, where, why 或 how,此時(shí)必須用 that。如： It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again正是在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后愛(ài)因斯坦才得以重新回到研究工作中去。It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed那位老太太是在銀行的前面被搶劫的。It is when he got back that he knew what had happened他回來(lái)后才知道所發(fā)生的情況。It was the goats eyes that he had seen in the darkness他在黑暗中看到的就是這只山羊的眼睛。特別提示：強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的主謂一致性：當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)一致，即人稱(chēng)和數(shù)要一致。如：It is my mother who cooks every day每天煮飯的是我媽媽。It is he who is wrong是他錯(cuò)了?！镜淅縄t was after he got what he had desired _he realize it was not so important.A. that B.when C. since D. as【答案】A【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：直到他得到了他想要的東西，他才意識(shí)到它并沒(méi)有那么重要。此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：it+ is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其余部分，本題強(qiáng)調(diào)after he got what he had desired，故 A 正確。考點(diǎn) 2 強(qiáng)調(diào)句-強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)部分強(qiáng)調(diào)句所強(qiáng)調(diào)的狀語(yǔ)部分可以是介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞或狀語(yǔ)從句。如：1.強(qiáng)調(diào)介詞短語(yǔ)It is not without an effort that we can expect to succeed. 不經(jīng)努力，我們不能指望成功。2.強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)從句It was before he went to London that he had learned English for three years他在去倫敦之前已經(jīng)學(xué)了三年英語(yǔ)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間)It was where you have questions that youd better make a mark最好在你有疑問(wèn)的地方做個(gè)記號(hào)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn))It was because she was ill that she didnt come to the party她沒(méi)來(lái)參加聚會(huì)是因?yàn)樗×恕?強(qiáng)調(diào)原因)It is as the Party tells us that we must do我們必須做的就是聽(tīng)從黨的安排。(強(qiáng)調(diào)方式)It is as long as you promise to be back before 8：00 that you can go out只要你保證八點(diǎn)以前回來(lái)你就可以出去。(強(qiáng)調(diào)條件)3.強(qiáng)調(diào) not until 結(jié)構(gòu)It was not until his mother told him everything that Jack understood why she was angry with him.直到母親把一切都告訴他，Jack 才明白母親為什么生他的氣。特別提示：not until 引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合句放于句首時(shí)，主句須用倒裝語(yǔ)序。但如果放于被強(qiáng)調(diào)的位置，則 that 后的主謂不倒裝。如： It wasnt until I got off the bus that I realized it直到下車(chē)我才意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)Not until I got off the bus did I realize it直到下車(chē)我才意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。(倒裝句)【典例】It _not until she came back _ Jane realized that she had lost her ID card.A. is, that B. was, who C. was, that D. is, who【答案】C【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型及時(shí)態(tài)。句意：直到到了家，簡(jiǎn)才發(fā)現(xiàn)她的身份證丟了。在高中英語(yǔ)中 not 和 until 只能在兩種情況下緊挨著出現(xiàn)：1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 It is/was not until.that.;2.倒裝句型 Not until.。在其他情況下一律用 not.until.,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，又因句子使用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)可知，此處應(yīng)使用 was。故 C 選項(xiàng)正確?？键c(diǎn) 3 強(qiáng)調(diào)句-強(qiáng)調(diào)句的疑問(wèn)句1一般疑問(wèn)句。結(jié)構(gòu)為：Is/Was it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他成分?如：Was it during the Anti-Japanese War that he died? 他是在抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間去世的嗎?2特殊疑問(wèn)句。結(jié)構(gòu)為：特殊疑問(wèn)詞(what/Who/when/Why/Where/How)+is/was it+ that/who+句子其他成分?如：Why is it that smoking is not allowed here? 為什么這兒不允許吸煙? 考點(diǎn) 4 強(qiáng)調(diào)句-強(qiáng)調(diào)句與主語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的辨析1. 掌握強(qiáng)調(diào)句與“It is/wasthat+從句.”式主語(yǔ)從句的使用區(qū)別。主句從句中 it is/was 后通常用名詞或形容詞作表語(yǔ)，而強(qiáng)調(diào)句中 it is/was 后被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。如： It is a wonder that the wounded soldier is still alive. 那個(gè)受傷的士兵還活著，真是個(gè)奇跡。（主語(yǔ)從句）It is a wonder that we visited yesterday. 我們昨天參觀的是一個(gè)奇跡。（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）2定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞(即關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞)在從句的使用過(guò)程中較為豐富，如who，that，which，whose，when，where，why 等，與充當(dāng)先行詞的名詞或代詞存在修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系；而強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的引導(dǎo)詞只有 who 和 that，強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)，用 who 或 that，強(qiáng)調(diào)其他時(shí)，只用 that，且與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分不存在修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。如：It was 2009 when she graduated from the senior high school那是 2009 年，她高中畢業(yè)的時(shí)候。(定語(yǔ)從句)It was in 2009 that she graduated from the senior high school. 她高中畢業(yè)是在 2009 年。（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）3. 容易與強(qiáng)調(diào)句混淆的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句主要有：(1) It is/was+時(shí)間+since 從句。有兩種含義：如果 since 從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性的。則譯為“自從有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”；如果是延續(xù)性的，則譯為“不做某事已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。如：It is three years since he joined the army自他參軍以來(lái)已有三年了。It is many years since he smoked他沒(méi)有吸煙已有好多年了。(2)It is/will(not)be+時(shí)間段+before 從句。表示“要過(guò)多久(不久)才”，before 從句后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：It wont be long before you reach your goal你離成功不遠(yuǎn)了。(3) It was+時(shí)間段+before 從句。表示 “過(guò)了多久才”。before 從句后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：It was four hours before he finished the work. 過(guò)了四小時(shí)他才完成工作?！镜淅縄t was after having her first child at a time_ my mother was working as a lawyer _she decided to run for governor of the stateA.that; that B.which; thatC.that; who D.when; that【答案】D【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在我母親做律師的時(shí)生了第一個(gè)孩子后，她決定競(jìng)選州長(zhǎng)。第一空“when”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“ a time”，從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞“when”；第二空“that”構(gòu)成了強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的基本結(jié)構(gòu) It is/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that 從句。4. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)句“It is/wasthat”一般不強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，用助動(dòng)詞 do，does 或 did。如：The family did manage to send him to a technical schoo1家里的確設(shè)法讓他上技術(shù)學(xué)校?？键c(diǎn) 5 倒裝句-全部倒裝把謂語(yǔ)全部提到主語(yǔ)前面，叫全部倒裝或完全倒裝。主要有：1. 以 here, there, out, in, up, down, away 等副詞開(kāi)頭，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為 be, come, go 等，則需用全部倒裝。如：There flows a river at the foot of the mountain. 山腳下有一條河。2.以 then, now, thus 開(kāi)頭，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為 come, follow, begin, end, be, 主語(yǔ)又是名詞/名詞詞組，則用全部倒裝（若主語(yǔ)是代詞，則不能倒裝）。如：Now comes your turn! 該你了3當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)類(lèi)介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首且后有不及物動(dòng)詞be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist 等時(shí)，常用全部倒裝。如：On the ground lay an old man，who was dying地上躺著一位老人，奄奄一息。4such 作表語(yǔ)，置于句首，表示“這樣的人/事物；上述的人/事物”。be 動(dòng)詞須與后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如：Such is their decision他們的決定就是這樣?！镜淅縚, without waiting for any reply.A. Away did he go B. Away went he C. Away he went D. Did he go away【答案】C【解析】考查倒裝。句意：沒(méi)有等待任何回復(fù)，他走開(kāi)了。方位副詞位于句首時(shí)，應(yīng)使用完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，但是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，不需要倒裝，要使用陳述語(yǔ)序。故 C 選項(xiàng)正確?？键c(diǎn) 6 強(qiáng)調(diào)句-部分倒裝只把助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前面，叫部分倒裝。主要有：1. 在疑問(wèn)句中須部分倒裝。但在疑問(wèn)句中作主語(yǔ)的特殊疑問(wèn)句里，不用倒裝。如： Does he speak Chinese? 他說(shuō)中國(guó)話(huà)嗎？ Who is in this room? 誰(shuí)在這個(gè)房間里？2. 用于以 so, nor, neither 開(kāi)頭的句子，表示重復(fù)前句的部分內(nèi)容，須部分倒裝，且此句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與前句的謂語(yǔ)在時(shí)態(tài)/形式上一致，但“so+主語(yǔ)+do”結(jié)構(gòu)則表示對(duì)別人所說(shuō)的情況加以肯定，它的主語(yǔ)與上文的主語(yǔ)相同，so 相當(dāng)于indeed，certainly。如：Mary has learned by heart 200 words，and So have I瑪麗已經(jīng)記住了 200 個(gè)單詞，我也是這樣。 The girls study hard這些女孩學(xué)習(xí)刻苦。so they do她們的確如此。3在以 never，seldom，not only，rarely，scarcely，in no way 等否定或半否定詞開(kāi)頭的句子用部分倒裝。如：Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery我想象不到會(huì)看到這樣美妙的景色。4. Only 置于句首修飾狀語(yǔ)（副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)）或狀語(yǔ)從句等時(shí)用部分倒裝。如：Only after the anaesthetist gave the patient an anaesthetic could the operation be conducted. 只有在麻醉師給病人實(shí)施麻醉以后，手術(shù)才能進(jìn)行。5. 在 sothat, suchthat 句型中，當(dāng) so, such 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首時(shí)須用部分倒裝。如：So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 他說(shuō)話(huà)聲音那樣大，隔壁屋里的人都能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。6在 hardlywhen，no soonerthan，not until 句型中，主句須部分倒裝。如：Hardly had he arrived when it began to snow他一到，天就下起雪來(lái)了。7as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)為：形容詞/名詞/動(dòng)詞+as+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)。如： Tired as he was, he stayed up late. 他雖然疲倦，可仍然很晚才睡。 Explain as I might, I could not make myself understood. 盡管我已經(jīng)解釋了，但我還是不被理解。Child as he is, he knows a lot. 盡管他是個(gè)孩子，可他知道很多。（注意開(kāi)頭的名詞前無(wú)冠詞）8在省略了 if 的虛擬條件句中，were，had 或 should 置于句首。如：Were I in your position，I would not go我要是在你的位置上，我是不會(huì)去的。9however，no matter how 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，把however/no matter how + 形容詞/副詞置于句首。如：However hard he worked，he couldnt solve the problem不管多努力，他就是解決不了那個(gè)問(wèn)題?！镜淅?. At no time _in the exam. It was unfair to punish them.Athey actually cheated Bdo they actually cheatCdid they actually cheat Dthey had actually cheat【答案】 C【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：他們?cè)诳荚囍薪^對(duì)沒(méi)有作弊。懲罰他們是不公平的。此處否定詞組 At no time 位于句子開(kāi)頭，句子用部分倒裝，結(jié)合句意可知句子是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故答案為 C?！镜淅?. Only when the teacher walked into the classroom _that she had left the speech note at home.Ashe realized Bhas she realizedCshe has realized Ddid she realized【答案】D【解析】考查部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：只有當(dāng)老師進(jìn)入教室的時(shí)候她才意識(shí)到她把演講筆記忘在家里了。此處 only+狀語(yǔ)位于句子開(kāi)頭，句子用部分倒裝；when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，所以這里主句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)動(dòng)作幾乎是同時(shí)發(fā)生的。故答案選 D?！镜淅?.Not until I began to work _how much time I had wasted.A. I realized B. I did realize C. did I realize D. I realize【答案】C【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：直到我開(kāi)始工作，我才意識(shí)到我浪費(fèi)了多少時(shí)間。Not until 引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，主句要部分倒裝，故選 C?？键c(diǎn) 7 省略句-省略句的幾個(gè)考查要點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)中，有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)，往往省去一個(gè)詞或一些成分，這種語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象稱(chēng)為省略。主要考查點(diǎn)有：1簡(jiǎn)單句的省略祈使句省略主語(yǔ) you；某些句子結(jié)構(gòu)省略謂語(yǔ)；部分問(wèn)句同時(shí)省略主謂語(yǔ)；疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)省略；感嘆句的省略；年齡和鐘點(diǎn)的省略等。如： (You)Dont touch this button. 請(qǐng)（你）不要碰這個(gè)按鈕。 (Is there) Anybody you want to see? 你想見(jiàn)什么人嗎？ Why(do)not (you do that)? （你）為什么不（做）呢？ Are these people your friends? 這些人是你的朋友嗎？Yes, they are (my friends). 是的，他們是（我的朋友）。2比較結(jié)構(gòu)的省略。在”the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以省略 be；由 than和 as 引導(dǎo)的比較句式中的省略。如：The sooner(you do it)，the better(it will be)(你做得)越快，(結(jié)果就會(huì))越好。The longer the wire(is)，the greater the resistance(is)導(dǎo)線(xiàn)越長(zhǎng)，電阻就越大。3主從復(fù)合句中的省略(1)賓語(yǔ)從句中，連詞 that 常省略，但當(dāng)多個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句并列時(shí)，只能省略第一個(gè)。如：I know (that) she is a teacher and that she is an excellent writer. 我知道她是一個(gè)老師，也是一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的作家。(2) 在有些表示條件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式或讓步等的狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果謂語(yǔ)含有 be 動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)又和主句中的主語(yǔ)一致，或者主語(yǔ)是 it，常把從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一部分（特別是 be 動(dòng)詞）省略。如：If so (If it is so)，you must go back and bring it here如果是這樣的話(huà)，你必須回去把它拿來(lái)。Look out for cars when(you are)crossing the street過(guò)街時(shí)當(dāng)心車(chē)輛。(3)定語(yǔ)從句的省略。作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞的省略或省略到用分詞作定語(yǔ)。如：The car(which/that)his father gave him as a birthday present was stolen他父親當(dāng)作生日禮物送給他的那輛汽車(chē)被盜了。(4)在含有 were，had，should 的虛擬條件句中 if 的省略。在這種情況下若 if 省略，常將 were，had，should 等提到句首，主謂部分倒裝。如：Were I a bird，I could fly如果我是一只鳥(niǎo)，我就能飛。4not，so，neither，nor 的替代性省略。動(dòng)詞believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，suppose，think 等和 Im afraid 后面可用替代詞 so 或 not 來(lái)避免重復(fù)前面提到的內(nèi)容。表示肯定意義時(shí)，以上動(dòng)詞都可與 so 搭配；但表示否定意義時(shí)，hope 與 guess 只用 I hope not 和 I guess not 的形式，而 think，believe，suppose 等詞可有兩種形式，即：I think not 和 I dont think so。如：Do they mind you smoking there? 你在那兒抽煙，他們介意嗎?I dont think so/I think not我想不會(huì)。【典例】1. When entering the office, _.A. Winifred was found sitting at a desk B. Winifred was found sat at a deskC. we found Winifred seated at a desk D. we found Winifred seating at a desk【答案】 C【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略和動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：當(dāng)我們走進(jìn)辦公室時(shí)，我們發(fā)現(xiàn) Winifred 坐在一張桌子旁。主從句主語(yǔ)一致，狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)省略，seated 表示“坐”的狀態(tài)，所以不能用 seating，故選 C?！镜淅?.What should I do with this passage?_the main idea of each paragraph.A. Finding out B Find out C. Found out D. To find out【答案】B【解析】考查省略的用法。句意：我應(yīng)該如何處理這篇文章？找出每段大意。若補(bǔ)全完整，該句應(yīng)為：You should find out the main idea of each paragraph.在對(duì)話(huà)中，當(dāng)雙方均明白的不會(huì)產(chǎn)生歧義的部分常被省略。故 B 選項(xiàng)正確。單項(xiàng)選擇1.【2019 屆高三第一次模擬考試英語(yǔ)試卷】He saw still full of optimism for the future despite many problems, and never once _him get worried or upset.A. I saw B. I would see C. did I see D. would I see【答案】C【解題思路】考查倒裝。句意：盡管有許多問(wèn)題，但他對(duì)未來(lái)仍然充滿(mǎn)樂(lè)觀，我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)他感到憂(yōu)慮或者不安?！癮nd”連接兩個(gè)并列句，后面一個(gè)句子是以否定詞“never”開(kāi)頭，故用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，助動(dòng)詞置于主語(yǔ)前，且從前面的句子時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)看，確定是用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選 C。2.【2018-2019 學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次月考英語(yǔ)試題】It was when we were returning home _I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.A. that B. which C. how D. where【答案】A【解題思路】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：就在我回家的時(shí)候，我才意識(shí)到幫助處于困境中的人是一種多么美好的感覺(jué)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+其他成分；本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 when we were returning home。所以 A 選項(xiàng)正確。3.【2019 屆高三 10 月月考英語(yǔ)試題】Not only he retired from teaching two years ago_ having a holiday abroad.A. he had considered B. had he consideredC. did heconsider D. he considered【答案】C【解題思路】考查部分倒裝。句意：直到兩年前從教育工作中退休，他才考慮去國(guó)外度假。Not until 結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首時(shí)，主句使用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序，排除 A、D 選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)“two years ago”判斷句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，答案選 C。4.【2019 屆高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題】It was the belief _he could find his “root” in Africa _made Alex Haley decide to go to Gambia.A. that; where B. where; that C. that; that D. how; which【答案】C【解題思路】考查同位語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)及成分可知，本句主干是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其它部分；第一空處引導(dǎo) belief 的同位語(yǔ)從句，從句成分齊全，應(yīng)使用只起連接作用的代詞 that 引導(dǎo)；第二空處則應(yīng)是強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的 that。句意：是 Alex Haley 能在非洲找到他的根的想法使他決定去贊比亞。故 C 選項(xiàng)正確。5.【2018 年全國(guó)普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)（北京卷）】In any unsafe situation, simply _the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. press B.to pressC. pressing D. pressed【答案】A【解題思路】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情況下，僅僅摁下這個(gè)按鈕，一個(gè)訓(xùn)練有素的特工就會(huì)使你得到你需要的幫助。and 是連詞，連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，and 后面是一個(gè)句子，那么，前面也應(yīng)是句子，選項(xiàng)中只有動(dòng)詞原形可以構(gòu)成祈使句，其余的都是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，無(wú)法構(gòu)成句子。故 A 選項(xiàng)正確。6.【2018-2019 學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題】Only when you have obtained enough evidence _to a sound conclusion.A. can you come B. you can come C. can come you D. come can you【答案】A【解題思路】考查倒裝句。句意：只有當(dāng)你獲得了足夠的數(shù)據(jù)，你才能得出一個(gè)合理的結(jié)論?！皁nly+狀語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句”位于句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝，即將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前面，其結(jié)構(gòu)為 only+狀語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)從句+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其他，此句話(huà)中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“can”，將“can”提到主語(yǔ)“you”之前，故答案選 A。7.【2018-2019 學(xué)年高一 10 月摸底考試】Hardly _he got out of the court _the reporters raised a lot of questions to him.A. had.when B. had.than C. did.when D. has.that【答案】A【解題思路】考查部分倒裝。句意：他剛走出法庭，記者向他提了很多文意。本句為 Hardly.when 結(jié)構(gòu)，“一就”，hardly 所在的句子用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，when 所在的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，另外，hardly 位于句首時(shí)，句子使用部分倒裝，綜述選A。8.【2018-2019 學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期第二次月考英語(yǔ)試題】It was in that house _he used to live _the secret meeting was held.A. where; where B. that; that C. what; where D. where; that【答案】D【解題思路】考查定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：秘密會(huì)議是在他曾經(jīng)住過(guò)的那所房子里舉行的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一空為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為 house，從句中不缺主賓表，缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用 where，去掉 it is 和第二空，結(jié)構(gòu)依然完整，所以第二空為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)會(huì)議舉行的地點(diǎn)，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 it is+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其余部分，所以用 that，故 D 項(xiàng)正確。9.【2019 屆高三 10 月月考英語(yǔ)試題】Several melon stalls were below the window and above them _with a big clock on top of it.A. was the telecom tower B. were the telecom towerC. the telecom tower was D. the telecom tower were【答案】A【解題思路】考查主謂一致和倒裝句。above them 是表示方位的介詞短語(yǔ)，置于句首時(shí)，構(gòu)成完全倒裝，主語(yǔ) the telecom tower 是單數(shù)，故選 A 項(xiàng)。句意：窗口下方有幾個(gè)西瓜攤點(diǎn)，在它們的上方是一座頂部有大鐘的電訊塔。一、語(yǔ)法填空【廣州市 2018 屆高三名校聯(lián)考】Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food. Yet today there is clear evidence that the oceans have a limit. Most of the big fish in our oceans are now _61 (go). One major cause is overfishing. People are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace 62 (they).For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and their communitys needs. However, from the early 20th century, people around the world became interested 63 consuming protein-rich foods. People began _64 (catch)large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets. In a very short period of time, commercial fishing 65 (great) reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna.Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, 66theyre mostly just the little ones. Small fish, 67_ include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number-largely because there are not enough big fish _68_ _(eat)them.Such large fish 69 (be) necessary, because they hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish. Without this weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less able to survive 70 _ (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food supply.【答案】61. gone 62. themselves 63. in 64. catching 65. greatly66. but 67. which 68. to eat 69. are 70. difficulties【解題思路】61. 考點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解析：本題已經(jīng)有了系動(dòng)詞 are，所以后面要填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作表語(yǔ)。go 作表語(yǔ)可以用 going 和 gone，其中 gone 符合題意，“消失的”。62. 考點(diǎn)：代詞解析：本題從句主語(yǔ) many species 的賓語(yǔ)是 they，主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作是自己本身，需要用反身代詞。注意不要漏寫(xiě)復(fù)數(shù)。63. 考點(diǎn)：介詞解析：固定搭配 be interested in，對(duì)某物某人感興趣。64. 考點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解析：本題 begin 后面缺少賓語(yǔ)，因此使用非謂語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。begin to do 和 doing 均存在，但是后面有 and selling, 所以應(yīng)該用 catching 和 selling 并列。65. 考點(diǎn)：副詞解析：本空修飾后面的動(dòng)詞 reduce，所以應(yīng)該使用副詞，即greatly。66. 考點(diǎn)：連詞解析：兩個(gè)句子之間應(yīng)該放連詞連接句子。此外，兩個(gè)句子之間的意思發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，因此使用 but。67. 考點(diǎn)：連詞解析：從句缺少主語(yǔ)，因此排除是并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句。此外，從句在名詞后，且 fish 不是抽象名詞，因此排除同位語(yǔ)從句，只會(huì)是定語(yǔ)從句?？崭裰复?fish 且有逗號(hào)，所以使用 which。68. 考點(diǎn)：非謂語(yǔ)。解析：沒(méi)有足夠的大魚(yú)去吃他們，enough to do sth.。69. 考點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解析：句子沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因此 be 的填寫(xiě)要遵循謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的填寫(xiě)方法。因?yàn)?be 是系動(dòng)詞且 fish 為集合名詞，所以用 are。70. 考點(diǎn)：名詞解析：difficult 作為形容詞，可以變副詞。但是因?yàn)榈?65 題已經(jīng)考了副詞，所以它只能變比較級(jí)最高級(jí)或名詞，因?yàn)楹竺嬗?such as，所以 difficult 要變名詞。而且困難不止一種，所以用 difficulties。二、短文改錯(cuò)【惠州市 2019 屆高三二調(diào)】My pen-pal from the USA come to visit me last week. It was first time that he hadbeen to China and he enjoyed his stay there. I took him to a tea house near my house, there we had a good taste ofChinese tea and learned something about tea culture. Amazing at the tea pots and cups of different shapes, he took somephoto of them. Then a young lady came to serve for us. She showed us how to make tea but encouraged us to give it atry. Following his instructions, we found that make good tea was much more than pouring hot water into the tea leaves.We felt happily that we had a good time there.【答案】1. come 改為 came2. 在 was 與 first 之間加 the3.第三句中的 there 改為 where4. Amazing 改為 Amazed5. photo 改為 photos6. 去掉 for7. but 改為 and8. his 改為 her9.make 改為 making10. happily 改為 happy【解題思路】1.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast week”，判斷此處需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故將 come 改為 came。2.考查冠詞。序數(shù)詞前需用定冠詞，故在“was”與“first”之間加 the。3. 考查定語(yǔ)從句。逗號(hào)之間無(wú)連詞，判斷此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且先行詞為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)“my house”，故將 there 改為where。4. 考查形容詞。V-ed 形容詞一般表示某人感到，而 V-ing形容詞一般表示令人，故將 Amazing 改為 Amazed。5. 考查名詞。前有“some”，表一些，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故將 photo 改為 photos。6. 考查介詞?！皊erve”是及物動(dòng)詞，直接接賓語(yǔ)，故去掉for。7. 考查連詞。前后無(wú)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故將 but 改為 and。8. 考查代詞。此處指代“a young lady”，故將 his 改為her。9. 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，故將 make 改為 making。10. 考查形容詞。前有系動(dòng)詞，因此此處接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故將 happily 改為 happy。一、語(yǔ)法填空【贛州市十四縣（市）2019 屆高三上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考】On May 18th, it was announced that China had achieved success in drilling fire ice, a frozen 61.(mix) of water and natural gas, from the South China Sea. 62._(official) known as methane hydrates(甲烷水合物), fire ice produces a high amount of energy when 63.(burn) and its chemical reaction produces nothing but dioxide and water.Fire ice, both clean and energy-intensive, 64.(consider) the fuel of the future. Many countries, including the United States and Japan, have long been conducting research on fire ice, but extracting（提?。﹊t from the bottom of the sea has been a common problem 65.(trouble) all of them. But, the Chinese team succeeded in drilling fire ice for nearly eight successive days, 66.is a big breakthrough.However, it is too early 67.(say) a new energy source has been found. The worlds total fire ice reserve is about 21,000 trillion cubic meters, which, if extracted, could meet the worlds energy need 68. 1,000 years. But the successful test drilling of fire ice does not mean it can be extracted for 69.(industry) use. China has to solve many problems before it can use fire ice as a source of energy.Its thought that only by 2025 at 70. earliest might people be able to look at realistic commercial options.【答案】61. mixture/mix 62. Officially 63. burnt/burned 64. is considered 65. troubling66. which 67. to say 68. for 69. industrial 70. the【解題思路】本文為新聞報(bào)道，文章介紹我國(guó)在南海北部神狐海域進(jìn)行的可燃冰試采獲得成功。61. 考查名詞。此處放在“frozen”這個(gè)形容詞后面，應(yīng)該用名詞，所以是“mixture”表混合物，也可用“mix”表混合。62. 考查副詞。此處修飾動(dòng)詞“known”，要用副詞officially。63. 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為“when”引導(dǎo)的省略句，省略了主語(yǔ)和 be 動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)為“fire ice”與“burn”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用 burned 或 burnt。64. 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知可燃冰被認(rèn)為是未來(lái)的一種燃料，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，再根據(jù)主謂一致和前后關(guān)系，所以用is considered。65. 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，從海底提取可燃冰一直以來(lái)是困擾大家的問(wèn)題，問(wèn)題與困擾之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用troubling。66. 考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意，連續(xù)八天提取可燃冰成功，這是一個(gè)很大的突破，此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，所以用 which。67. 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為固定短語(yǔ) tooto 太而不能，所以用 to say。68. 考查介詞。此處表示可以持續(xù)使用 1000 年的時(shí)間，所以用for。69. 考查形容詞。此處修飾名詞“use”使用，所以用形容詞industrial。70. 考查冠詞。句意為人們認(rèn)為，最早要到 2025 年，人們才能看到現(xiàn)實(shí)的商業(yè)價(jià)值。最早用 at the earliest。二、短文改錯(cuò)【廣東省 2019 屆高三六校聯(lián)考】When I was young, I was terribly poor in the Chinese. Be afraid of expressingmyself was one of the reasons that I rarely did well in school. Once I failed in a mid-term exam. When I got the papers,I realized things could have been better if I listened to the teacher much more attentive. So I turned to my teacher forhelps and he told me, “Where there is a will, there is a way. If we are devoted to learning Chinese, youll make it.” Icouldnt agree much. From then on, I began to work harder. Out of my expect, I made great progress soon. Today,