2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 3 A taste of English humour（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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Unit 3A taste of English humour【短文語法填空】As less people choose to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have bee a 1 (distance) memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, is mitted to 2 (keep) the art of sugar painting alive.Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 3 mine closed down, Li turned 4 housing decoration, until he 5 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in.Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 6 (he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make a 7 (vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with 8 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman 9 (normal) paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup(糖漿). When the sugar cools down, 10 appears is a piece of sugar art.【文章大意】本文是記敘文，講述38歲的李健忠回到老家繼承中國傳統(tǒng)文化，學(xué)習(xí)制作糖畫的故事，文章還說明了糖畫的制作。1.distant【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？崭裉幮揎椕~memory，形容詞修飾名詞作定語，故填distant。2.keeping3.the【解析】考査冠詞。上文提到他做過十多年礦工，故此處表示他所在的礦井關(guān)閉以后，為特指，故填the。4.to【解析】考查介詞。句意：他轉(zhuǎn)而去做房屋裝修的工作了。 turn to“轉(zhuǎn)而做，轉(zhuǎn)向”是固定詞組。故填 to。5.was forced【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：直到他因為手指受傷而被迫放棄。此處講述過去的事情，故用一般過去時，句子的主語和force之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且主語和是第三人稱單數(shù)。故填was forced。6.himself【解析】考查代詞。句意：由于他的村子里沒有糖畫手藝人，因此他自學(xué)制作糖畫。by oneself固定用法，表示“獨自地，全靠自己地”，故填himself。7.variety【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：他很快掌握了這項技術(shù)并能制作出各種各樣的糖畫。a variety of“各種各樣”是固定短語，故填variety。8.melted 9.normally【解析】考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：手藝人們通常用糖漿在石板上畫動物和花。修飾謂語動詞用副詞作狀語，故填normally。10.what【解析】考查主語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在從句中作主語，表示“所的東西”，what引導(dǎo)主語從句，作主語、賓語或者表語。故填what。一高考單詞識記思考運用1核心詞匯overe vt.&vi.戰(zhàn)勝；克服content adj.滿足的；滿意的n.滿足；內(nèi)容vt.使?jié)M足slide vt.&vi.(使)滑動；(使)滑行n.滑；滑動；幻燈片whisper n. 耳語；低語vt.&vi.低語；小聲說entertain vt.&vi.使歡樂；款待 entertainment n娛樂；款待convince vt.使信服 convincing adj.令人信服的 convinced adj. 相信的direct vt.&vi.導(dǎo)演；指示；指揮；adj.直的；直接的；真率的director n導(dǎo)演react vi.作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng) reaction n回應(yīng)amuse vt.使發(fā)笑；使愉快 amusing adj.好笑的；有趣的 amused adj.感覺好笑的 amusement n娛樂；樂趣2?？荚~匯chew vt.&vi. 嚼碎；咀嚼食物outstanding adj. 突出的；杰出的；顯著的throughout prep. 遍及；貫穿adv. 到處；始終；全部occasion n. 時刻；場合gesture n. 手勢；姿態(tài)vi. 做手勢astonish vt. 使驚詫astonishing adj. 令人感到驚訝的astonished adj. 吃驚的fortunate adj. 幸運的；吉利的unfortunately adv. 不幸地particular adj. 特殊的；特別的n. 細(xì)節(jié)；細(xì)目particularly adv. 特殊地；特別地explanation n. 解釋；講解；說明explain vt. 解釋failure n. 失敗者；fail v. 失敗用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Unfortunately (fortunate), that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.(2017北京卷)2There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content (content) and less salt.(2017全國卷)3But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions (react) slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.(2017全國卷)4Were it not for the support of the teachers，the student could_not_overe (overe) her difficulty.(2017江蘇卷)5A quick review of successes and failures (fail) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.(2017江蘇卷)6What brought about this astonishing (astonish) change in me？(2016浙江卷)7Failure (fail) is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.(2016天津卷)8Vaillants words serve as an explanation (explain) why some boys grew into happy men.(2016天津卷)9During my first quarter，I spoke directly (direct) to the Chancellor，asking him for support.(2016浙江卷)10This function of the Internet is particularly (particular) striking when Im writing.(2016江蘇卷)“滿足，滿意”家族content adj.滿足的；滿意的n.滿足vt.使?jié)M足satisfy vt.使?jié)M意，滿足；satisfaction n滿意；滿足please v(使)高興，(使)滿意；pleased adj.高興的，滿意的happy adj.感到滿意的meet vt.滿足后綴-tion構(gòu)成的抽象名詞explanation 解釋，說明admiration 欽佩，贊美conservation 保存，保護(hù)creation 創(chuàng)造description 描寫，描述education 教育expectation 預(yù)期，期待exploration 探索examination 檢查，細(xì)查，考試graduation 畢業(yè)詞形相近詞對比記憶content n內(nèi)容；context n上下文march n前進(jìn)；match n比賽affect v影響；effect n影響，效果sweat n汗水；sweet adj.甜的monkey n猴子；donkey n驢expand v擴(kuò)張；expend v花費steal v偷；steel n鋼adapt v適應(yīng)；adopt v收養(yǎng)【完形填空】Something quite tragic(悲劇的)happened in our home.It had a _1_ effect on our lives.It _2_ the way we relax and even where we sit.There was no fire or flood.we _3_ our WiFi service，for over a week.I was raised in the preWiFi era，so I was relatively _4_ to the situation.My children，_5_，did not have this training.When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house，their first _6_ was：“But，what will we do？”Fortunately，the TV still worked，although the children were _7_ to find that it had only 70 channels.For the children，a(n) _8_ challenge was homework，most of which is now given online.The lack of broadband seemed to provide a new _9_ of “the dog ate my homework”excuse.My daughter _10_ that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily _11_ due to a leak，but she thought that our lack of WiFi was _12_.“Because you can go to the shop and buy water，right？”My husband and I need the Internet to _13_ us to work at home.Luckily，Ive found out that these days you can go to the shop to _14_ WiFi.Although expensive，it allows you to set up your own WiFi network _15_.Buying 1 GB of data makes you view your broadband differently.I dont want to _16_ it like leaving a tap running.We log on to the WiFi network and do what we have to do as _17_ as possible and log off.The changes that _18_ has created in our daily life have occurred without us really _19_.The _20_ part of our time without WiFi was seeing the children make forts(堡壘)out of the sofa cushions，which they havent done in years.1A.possible BmodestCpositive Dhuge2A.explored BchallengedCimproved Dguaranteed3A.received BbookedClost Dbought4A.addicted BaccustomedCadmitted Dattached5A.however BthereforeCotherwise Dbesides6A.impression BinspirationCresponse Drequest7A.excited BgratefulCembarrassed Ddesperate8A.avoidable BmajorCenjoyable Dsimple9A.version BtranslationCdimension Dcollection10A.repeated BpromisedCobserved Dignored11A.fixed up Bcut offCused up Dlaid in12A.worse BbetterCclearer Dmore13A.force BencourageCremind Denable14A.look into Bsearch forCpurchase Dborrow15A.easily BsecurelyCfirmly Dconstantly16A.share BanalyzeCstore Dwaste17A.steadily BquicklyCproperly Dsmoothly18A.technology BinformationCknowledge Dintelligence19A.reflecting BhearingCappreciating Dnoticing20A.rigid BtoughCbright Dnecessary【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，講述了WiFi對“我”家生活的影響。【核心詞匯】have an effect on對有影響temporarily adv.暫時地log on登錄occur v發(fā)生1D根據(jù)上下文可知，家里沒有WiFi對我們生活的影響是巨大的(huge)。possible“可能的”；modest“謙虛的”；positive“積極的”。2B根據(jù)前一句“It had a _1_ effect on our lives”和下文的“But，what will we do”可知，平時家里離不開WiFi，現(xiàn)在沒有了，當(dāng)然對我們平時的生活方式產(chǎn)生挑戰(zhàn)。explore“探索”；improve“提升”；guarantee“保證”。3C根據(jù)下文的“When given the news that there was no WiFi in the house”可知，我們家里失去(lost) WiFi一個多星期；receive“收到”；book“訂購”；buy“購買”。4B根據(jù)第二段第一句“I was raised in the preWiFi era”可知，“我”是在沒有WiFi的時代長大的，因此對于沒有了WiFi也是比較習(xí)慣的(accustomed)，be accustomed to表示“習(xí)慣于”。5A根據(jù)上下文可推知，“我”習(xí)慣無WiFi的生活，但是孩子們不習(xí)慣。上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此選however。6C根據(jù)空后的“But, what will we do”可知空處指的是他們的第一反應(yīng)(response)。7D根據(jù)上下文可知，沒有WiFi只有電視，且電視頻道只有70多個，孩子們很絕望。excited“興奮的”；grateful“感激的”；embarrassed“尷尬的”；desperate“絕望的”。8B根據(jù)本句的定語從句“most of which is now given online”可知，家庭作業(yè)應(yīng)是孩子們的主要(major)挑戰(zhàn)。avoidable“可避免的”；enjoyable“令人愉快的”；simple“簡單的”。9A空后的“the dog ate my homework”表示“狗吃了我的作業(yè)”，此處表示沒有網(wǎng)絡(luò)是這種借口的一個新提法，故選A。10C根據(jù)空后的賓語從句“that one of her friends had her water supply temporarily_11_ due to a leak”可知，這些內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是女兒講出來(observed)的。 repeat“重復(fù)”；promise“承諾”；ignore“忽略”；observe“觀察，說，評論”。11B根據(jù)該空后的“due to a leak”可推知，水管漏水了，供水會被暫時中斷(cut off)。12A根據(jù)上下文可知，女兒認(rèn)為我們沒有WiFi更糟糕(worse)。13D根據(jù)上下文可知，為了能夠在家工作，丈夫和“我”需要互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。enable sb.to do sth.表示“使某人能做某事”。14C根據(jù)下文的“Although expensive”可知，“我”去商店買(purchase)WiFi。 look into“調(diào)查”；search for“尋找”；borrow“借”。15A根據(jù)語境可知，買了WiFi，“我”建立自己的網(wǎng)絡(luò)就容易了。16D根據(jù)本句中的“l(fā)ike leaving a tap running(像讓水管的水不停地流著一樣)”可知，我們知道讓水管的水不停地流著意味著“浪費”，故選D。17B根據(jù)上下文可知，當(dāng)“我”上網(wǎng)做事時，“我”是盡快地做，as quickly as possible表示“盡快地”。18A根據(jù)語境可知，技術(shù)已經(jīng)引起了我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹母淖?，這些改變在我們沒有注意(noticing)的情況下發(fā)生了。19D參見上題解析。reflect“反思”；hear“聽到”；appreciate“欣賞”。20C根據(jù)該空后的“without WiFi was seeing the children make forts(堡壘)out of the sofa cushions，which they havent done in years”可知，沒有了WiFi，孩子們可以在一起玩，這是愉快的(bright)事情。二重點短語識記思考運用1動詞介詞/副詞star in 在擔(dān)任主角；主演cut off 切斷；斷絕pick out 挑出；辨別出pick up 偶然獲得；收聽；好轉(zhuǎn)react to 對作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)2其他形式feel/be content with 對滿足up to now直到現(xiàn)在badly off 窮的；缺少的in particular 尤其；特別convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事用左欄所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1Dont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to pick_up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.(2017全國卷)2When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt cut_off from the world.(2016浙江卷)3Everybody thought this young actor would have a bright future after he starred_in two films.4The news said that the schools in that southwestern area is badly_off for teaching equipment，and even teachers.“be.with”短語集錦be content/satisfied/pleased with 對滿足be angry with 生某人的氣be busy with 忙于be strict with 對某人要求嚴(yán)格be familiar with 熟悉be burdened with 負(fù)擔(dān)be filled with 充滿be lined with 排列著be covered with 被覆蓋三佳句選粹在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫中學(xué)通背原句學(xué)句型練仿寫1.As Victor Hugo once said，“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”.維克多雨果曾經(jīng)說過：“笑容如陽光，能驅(qū)走人們臉上的冬天?！盿s 引導(dǎo)定語從句，代替后面句子的內(nèi)容。正如我們多次強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣，“為人民服務(wù)”是我們的第一宗旨。As_we_have_stressed many times，“serve the people”is our first policy.2.Unfortunately his father died，leaving the family even worse off.不幸的是他的父親去世了，使得他的家境更加艱難現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。大自然為我們的祖國提供了豐富的自然寶藏，使之成為我們幸福的家園。Nature has provided our country with wealthy natural treasures，making_it_a_happy_home for us.3.Then he picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it were spaghetti.然后他挑出鞋帶來吃，像是吃意大利面條一樣。as if 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，當(dāng)表示與事實不相符的情況時，通常用虛擬語氣。有些人一失去工作或失戀，就覺得好像到了世界末日似的。Some people，on losing a job or a special relationship，may feel as_if_it_were_the_end_of_the_world.【短文改錯】There are many people think that wealth is better than health.I used to think so until one day I had read a story about Howard Joyce.He was an European billionaire who got everything he wanted.Therefore，in the last twenty years of his life，his health began to get worse and he led a miserably life.Although the best doctors called for him，he could still find no relief.I have realized that health is worth all the money in the world.If you have million of dollars but you are at poor health，you will not be able to do what you want to do.So I would like to advise you not to hurt yourself to trying to make money.Instead，take care of your body and be happy with which you do.Health is more important.【答案】There are many people / that wealth is better than health.I used to think so until one day I read a story about Howard Joyce.He was European billionaire who got everything he wanted.，in the last twenty years of his life，his health began to get worse and he led a life.Although the best doctors called for him，he could still find no relief.I have realized that health is worth all the money in the world.If you have of dollars but you are poor health，you will not be able to do what you want to do.So I would like to advise you not to hurt yourself to to make money.Instead，take care of your body and be happy with you do.Health is more important.第一處：think前面加who或think改為thinking?？疾槎ㄕZ從句或現(xiàn)在分詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為定語從句，先行詞為many people，故用who引導(dǎo)該定語從句；因many people和think為主動關(guān)系，故也可以用現(xiàn)在分詞thinking作many people的后置定語。第二處：刪除had。考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“used to”和“until one day”可知，該句陳述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時。第三處：ana。考查冠詞。European的讀音以輔音音素開頭，故用a。第四處：ThereforeHowever?？疾楦痹~。上文說他是一位歐洲億萬富翁，得到了他想要的一切，該句說在他生命里的最后二十年，他的健康狀況變得越來越糟。上下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用However。第五處：miserablymiserable?？疾樾稳菰~。life為名詞，故應(yīng)用形容詞miserable修飾。第六處：called前面加were?？疾橹髦^一致、時態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語the best doctors為復(fù)數(shù)且和動詞call之間為動賓關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)；這里講述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用were。第七處：millionmillions?？疾楣潭ù钆?。millions of為固定搭配，表示“許多”。第八處：atin?？疾榻樵~。in poor health為固定搭配，意為“身體不好”。第九處：tryingtry。考查動詞不定式。此處是動詞不定式表目的，故to后應(yīng)用動詞原形try。第十處：whichwhat。考查賓語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，with后接賓語從句，連接詞在從句中作do的賓語，故用what。