浙江省2019年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題三 完形填空講義.doc

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完形填空 完形填空真題檢測(cè)(一)　2018年6月浙江高考 We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it__36__to have too much time? I__37__ back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also__38__ a team sport.By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it__39__. When I got into college, things__40__.I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.Because of all this__41__time, there was no sense of__42__to do my school work immediately.I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a__43__.Once that happened, I just kept__44__ my studying further and further back in my day.Then I got to the point where I was __45__ really late at night to get my work done. One day I __46__ a former classmate of mine who was__47__ a lot of money running a sideline (副業(yè))．Since his regular job was__48__， I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline fulltime.He said without the job, he would__49__ have too much time and would just do what I did back in __50__.He said that if he__51__ the job, he would lose his__52__ to work and succeed. So, try __53__ your time with other work.This is why there is a__54__ that if you want something done, ask a__55__ person to do it. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們：擁有太多時(shí)間就會(huì)拖延做事情，時(shí)間緊迫反而能合理安排時(shí)間把事情做好。 36．A.true　　　　　　　　　 B．fair C．strange D．possible 解析：選D　作者在文章開頭提出問題“我們都聽說過時(shí)間如何比金錢更寶貴，但是擁有太多的時(shí)間，這是可能的(possible)嗎？”。true“真的”；fair“公平的”；strange“奇怪的”。 37．A.remember B．a(chǎn)dmit C．understand D．expect 解析：選A　 根據(jù)下文敘述可知，作者記起(remember)了高中時(shí)的生活。admit“承認(rèn)”；understand“理解”；expect“期望”。 38．A.watched B．loved C．coached D．played 解析：選D　因?yàn)樽髡哌€參加團(tuán)體性運(yùn)動(dòng)，所以他一天的大部分時(shí)間都是在學(xué)校度過的。watch“觀看”；love“熱愛”；coach“訓(xùn)練”；play“參加運(yùn)動(dòng)”。 39．A.at last B．right away C．of course D．a(chǎn)s usual 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文可知作者到家后只有幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間做作業(yè)，所以必須立即(right away)開始做。下文42空后的“do my school work immediately”也是提示。at last“最后”；of course“當(dāng)然”；as usual“像往常一樣”。 40．A.happened B．repeated C．changed D．mattered 解析：選C　前面提到高中時(shí)間緊張，又由下文可知，在大學(xué)，課程中午前就結(jié)束了，所以說事情發(fā)生了變化(changed)。happen“發(fā)生”；repeat“重復(fù)”；matter“要緊”。 41．A.extra B．difficult C．valuable D．limited 解析：選A　課程結(jié)束得早，作者就有了額外的(extra)時(shí)間。difficult“困難的”；valuable“有價(jià)值的”；limited“有限的”。 42．A.duty B．a(chǎn)chievement C．urgency D．direction 解析：選C　時(shí)間充足，所以“沒有立即去做功課的緊迫(urgency)感”。duty“責(zé)任”；achievement“成就，成績(jī)”；direction“方向”。 43．A.burden B．relief C．risk D．habit 解析：選D　后來，“我”就慢慢地養(yǎng)成了一種等待(拖延)的習(xí)慣(habit)。burden“重?fù)?dān)，負(fù)擔(dān)”；relief“緩和，寬慰”；risk“冒險(xiǎn)”。 44．A.pushing B．taking C．setting D．calling 解析：選A　由上下文可知，作者不斷地把學(xué)習(xí)往后推(push ... back)。take ... back“帶回來”；set ... back“拖……后腿”；call ... back“回電話”。 45．A.hanging out B．staying up C．jogging round D．showing off 解析：選B　因?yàn)榘压φn一直往后推，所以最后只能熬夜(stay up)做功課。hang out“出去閑逛”；jog round“在周圍慢跑”；show off“炫耀”。 46．A.met B．helped C．treated D．hired 解析：選A　由下文敘述可知，有一天作者遇到了(met)一個(gè)以前的同班同學(xué)。help“幫助”；treat“對(duì)待”；hire“雇用”。 47．A.raising B．wasting C．demanding D．making 解析：選D　由下文提到的“running a sideline (副業(yè))”可知，此處是指賺許多錢(make a lot of money)。raise“舉起，籌集”；waste“浪費(fèi)”；demand“要求”。 48．A.safe B．important C．boring D．rewarding 解析：選C　由下文作者問同班同學(xué)為什么不全職經(jīng)營(yíng)他的副業(yè)可知，他的固定工作很無聊(boring)。safe“安全的”；important“重要的”；rewarding“值得做的，報(bào)酬高的”。 49．A.luckily B．hardly C．hopefully D．simply 解析：選D　他說如果沒有那份工作，他確實(shí)會(huì)有很多時(shí)間。simply“確實(shí)，簡(jiǎn)直”，符合語境。luckily“幸運(yùn)地”；hardly“幾乎不”；hopefully“有希望地”。 50．A.childhood B．college C．town D．business 解析：選B　結(jié)合上文可知，如果擁有太多時(shí)間，作者的同班同學(xué)就會(huì)像作者在大學(xué)(college)里所做的一樣。childhood“童年時(shí)期”；town“城鎮(zhèn)”；business“生意，商務(wù)”。 51．A.quit B．found C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．kept 解析：選A　上文作者問同班同學(xué)為什么不全職經(jīng)營(yíng)副業(yè)，所以此處是說“如果放棄(quit)這個(gè)工作”。find“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”；accept“接受”；keep“保持，保留”。 52．A.heart B．chance C．drive D．way 解析：選C　如果辭職，他就會(huì)失去工作和成功的動(dòng)力(drive)。drive“驅(qū)動(dòng)，推動(dòng)力”，符合語境。 heart“心臟”；chance“機(jī)會(huì)”；way“方法”。 53．A.saving B．filling up C．giving up D．trading 解析：選B　通過上文得出結(jié)論：因此，試著用其他工作填滿(filling up)你的時(shí)間。save“節(jié)省”；give up“放棄”；trade“交易”。 54．A.message B．story C．saying D．fact 解析：選C　句意：這就是為什么有這樣一種說法(saying)……。message“信息”；story“故事”；fact“事實(shí)”。 55．A.careful B．busy C．reliable D．kind 解析：選B　通過上文的描述可知，越忙效率越高。故此處意為“如果你想做某事，就請(qǐng)忙碌的(busy)人去完成”。careful“仔細(xì)的”；reliable“可信賴的”；kind“友好的”。 完形填空真題檢測(cè)(二)　2017年11月浙江高考 A young English teacher saved the lives of 30 students when he took __36__ of a bus after its driver suffered a serious heart attack. Guy Harvold, 24, had __37__ the students and three course leaders from Gatwick airport, and they were travelling to Bournemouth to __38__ their host families. They were going to __39__ a course at the ABC Language School in Bournemouth where Harvold works as a __40__. Harvold, who has not __41__ his driving test, said, “I realized the bus was out of control when I was __42__ the students.” The bus ran into trees at the side of the road and he __43__ the driver was slumped (倒伏) over the wheel. The driver didn’t __44__. He was unconscious. The bus __45__ a lamp post and it broke the glass on the front door before Harvold __46__ to bring the bus to a stop. Police __47__ the young teacher’s quick thinking. If he hadn’t __48__ quickly, there could have been a terrible __49__. The bus driver never regained consciousness and died at East Surrey Hospital. He had worked regularly with the __50__ and was very well regarded by the teachers and students. Harvold said, “I was __51__ that no one else was hurt, but I hoped the driver would __52__.” The head of the language school told the local newspaper that the school is going to send Harvold on a weekend __53__ to Dublin with a friend, thanking him for his __54__. A local driving school has also offered him six __55__ driving lessons. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了英語老師Harvold帶學(xué)生去寄宿家庭的途中，碰到司機(jī)突發(fā)疾病，在巴士即將失控的情況下，Harvold老師面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)，臨危不懼，沉著冷靜，成功地控制了巴士使其停下，勇敢地挽救了全車師生的英雄事跡。 36．A.control B．care C．a(chǎn)dvantage D．note 解析：選A　根據(jù)前兩段的內(nèi)容，特別是第二段中的“Harvold __46__ to bring the bus to a stop”可知，巴士司機(jī)突發(fā)心臟病，Harvold老師控制了巴士。take control of是固定詞組，表示“控制，掌管”，故選control。take care of“照顧，照料”；take advantage of“利用”；take note of“注意到，將……銘記在心”。 37．A.taken in B．picked up C．tracked down D．helped out 解析：選B　24歲的Harvold老師當(dāng)天的任務(wù)是從Gatwick機(jī)場(chǎng)接(picked up)學(xué)生和課程負(fù)責(zé)人并帶他們?nèi)ournemouth與他們的寄宿家庭見面。take in“收留，欺騙”；track down“(經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)時(shí)間艱難搜索后)找到”；help out“幫助某人擺脫(困境)”。 38．A.greet B．thank C．invite D．meet 解析：選D　參見上題解析。此處meet表示“與……見面”，符合語境。greet“問候，迎接，招呼”。 39．A.present B．introduce C．take D．organize 解析：選C　這些學(xué)生要去ABC語言學(xué)校參加課程學(xué)習(xí)，此處take表示“參加(課程)”。present“出示，上演，授予”。 40．A.driver B．doctor C．librarian D．teacher 解析：選D　根據(jù)第一段中的“A young English teacher saved the lives of 30 students”及第二段中的“the young teacher’s quick thinking”可知，Harvold是ABC語言學(xué)校的老師，故選teacher。 41．A.given B．marked C．passed D．conducted 解析：選C　根據(jù)最后一段中的“offered him six __55__ driving lessons”可知，Harvold老師還沒有通過駕照考試。pass表示“通過(考試)”，符合語境。mark“標(biāo)記”；conduct“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行，引導(dǎo)”。 42．A.speaking to B．waiting for C．returning to D．looking for 解析：選A　根據(jù)語境可知，當(dāng)時(shí)Harvold老師和學(xué)生都在車上，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可推測(cè)此處應(yīng)是指他在與學(xué)生講話。speak to sb.表示“與某人講話”，符合語境。 43．A.learned B．noticed C．mentioned D．doubted 解析：選B　巴士撞上了路邊的樹，這時(shí)他注意到(noticed)巴士的司機(jī)倒伏在了方向盤上。learn“(從其他人那里)得知，聽到”；mention“提到”；doubt“懷疑”。 44．A.sleep B．cry C．move D．recover 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文中的“He was unconscious.”可推知，司機(jī)動(dòng)不了了，故選move。 45．A.ran over B．went by C．carried D．hit 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中的“the bus was out of control”及“The bus ran into trees”可知，巴士失去了控制，撞到了燈柱。hit表示“碰撞，撞擊”。run over“撞倒，輾過”；go by“(時(shí)間)流逝”；carry“運(yùn)送”。 46．A.remembered B．continued C．prepared D．managed 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文可知，Harvold老師最終成功地讓巴士停了下來。manage to do sth.表示“設(shè)法做成某事”。 47．A.witnessed B．recorded C．praised D．understood 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文并結(jié)合第二段最后一句可知，Harvold老師讓失控的巴士停了下來，所以警察對(duì)Harvold老師敏捷的反應(yīng)表示贊揚(yáng)，所以選praised。witness“當(dāng)場(chǎng)見到，目擊”；record“記錄”。 48．A.appeared B．reacted C．escaped D．interrupted 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“there could have been a terrible __49__ ”可知，如果當(dāng)時(shí)Harvold老師沒有快速地作出反應(yīng)，就很有可能會(huì)造成一次非常嚴(yán)重的交通事故(accident)。故此處應(yīng)選reacted，表示“作出反應(yīng)”。appear“出現(xiàn)”；escape“逃避”；interrupt“打斷，中斷”。 49．A.delay B．a(chǎn)ccident C．mistake D．experience 解析：選B　參見上題解析。accident“(交通)事故”；delay“延遲”；experience“經(jīng)歷”。 50．A.airport B．hospital C．school D．police 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文中的“was very well regarded by the teachers and students”可知，該巴士司機(jī)經(jīng)常與學(xué)校合作，并備受師生的尊敬，所以選school。 51．A.happy B．fortunate C．touched D．sorry 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文中的“no one else was hurt”可知，Harvold很高興看到老師和孩子們都沒有受傷，故選happy。fortunate“幸運(yùn)的”。 52．A.survive B．retire C．relax D．succeed 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文中的“The bus driver never regained consciousness and died at East Surrey Hospital.”可知，巴士司機(jī)去世了，而Harvold老師希望他能夠活下來，故此處應(yīng)選survive。retire“退休”。 53．A.project B．trip C．dinner D．duty 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文可知，為了表彰Harvold老師的勇敢行為(bravery)，學(xué)校決定送他去都柏林進(jìn)行一次周末旅行(trip)。project“項(xiàng)目”；duty“責(zé)任”。 54．A.bravery B．skill C．quality D．knowledge 解析：選A　參見上題解析。此處bravery表示“勇敢的行為”。 55．A.necessary B．easy C．different D．free 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中的“thanking him for his __54__”和“also”可知，為了表彰Harvold老師的勇敢行為，所以當(dāng)?shù)氐鸟{校也提供給Harvold老師六節(jié)免費(fèi)的(free)駕駛課程作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。 完形填空是在語篇中測(cè)試考生的閱讀理解能力、邏輯思維能力和英語語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用能力的綜合性試題，是一種要求高、難度大、區(qū)分度高且分值大的題型。該題型要求考生綜合運(yùn)用各種知識(shí)，對(duì)給出的選項(xiàng)做出合理判斷，以使補(bǔ)全后的文章主旨鮮明、文意通順、邏輯合理。 一、命題特點(diǎn)要知曉 2016～2018年高考浙江卷完形填空試題分析 項(xiàng)目 卷別　　 體裁 題材 考點(diǎn)分布 動(dòng)詞 (短語) 名詞 (短語) 形容詞 副詞 介詞(短語) 連詞 2018年6月 夾敘夾議文 充分利 用時(shí)間 9 5 4 2 0 0 2017年11月 記敘文 Harvold 老師救人的 英勇事跡 12 6 2 0 0 0 2017年6月 記敘文 圖書管理員在戰(zhàn)火中設(shè)法保護(hù)圖書 10 4 4 2 0 0 2016年10月 夾敘夾議文 作者教兒子養(yǎng)雞的經(jīng)歷 10 5 4 0 1 0 2016年6月 記敘文 作者學(xué)會(huì)了在逆境中享受生活 6 7 2 4 0 1 通過對(duì)近三年高考浙江卷完形填空題的分析，我們得知完形填空有以下命題特點(diǎn)： 1．短文特點(diǎn) (1)長(zhǎng)度：完形填空的文章長(zhǎng)度一般為250詞左右，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，脈絡(luò)清晰，難度適中。 (2)體裁：完形填空的文章體裁多為記敘文和夾敘夾議文，所以在備考中考生應(yīng)高度重視記敘文和夾敘夾議文類的完形填空。 (3)題材：文章注重原汁原味，內(nèi)容積極，貼近考生生活。選材融知識(shí)性、可讀性、教育性和趣味性于一體，體現(xiàn)出豐富的內(nèi)涵。 2．設(shè)題規(guī)律 (1)設(shè)空詞主要是四類詞：名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞。多數(shù)情況下，考查的名詞和動(dòng)詞比形容詞和副詞多，偶爾還涉及介詞、連詞等。在考查語言知識(shí)的能力上，更突出了“語境優(yōu)先，重在運(yùn)用”的命題導(dǎo)向。考生要避免過分關(guān)注結(jié)構(gòu)而忽視對(duì)語篇語境的理解和把握。 (2)穩(wěn)定中有變化。近三年浙江高考完形填空在選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置上，打破了傳統(tǒng)的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)類別一致的命題規(guī)律。如2018年6月浙江卷的第53題和2017年11月浙江卷的第45題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞及兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成。 (3)選項(xiàng)一般是常用詞匯或短語，不會(huì)出現(xiàn)偏題或怪題現(xiàn)象。在最近幾年的浙江高考完形填空中，一詞多義和熟詞生義的考查屢見不鮮，這往往也是考生最容易忽視的地方。如2018年6月浙江卷第44題中的push和第49題中的simply。很多考生由于不懂這些熟詞的“新義”而出現(xiàn)思維堵塞，造成了不應(yīng)有的失分。 二、題型技法要用好 如何在15分鐘左右的時(shí)間里完成一篇250詞左右的完形填空并使其通順呢？下面我們介紹幾種行之有效的解答完形填空題的技巧，以期讓完形填空“完美無缺”。 1．讀懂句子意思，選擇正確答案 這是完形填空題目設(shè)置最簡(jiǎn)單的一種。它相當(dāng)于一道單項(xiàng)選擇題，不需要通讀上下文，而只需要讀懂設(shè)空處所在的句子便能判斷出正確答案。 [典例]　(20186月浙江高考節(jié)選) I 37.remember back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 38.played a team sport.By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it__39__. 39．A.at last　　　　　　 B．right away C．of course D．a(chǎn)s usual 分析：選B　根據(jù)上文可知由于還在學(xué)校從事體育活動(dòng)，作者到家后只有幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間做作業(yè)，所以必須立即(right away)開始做。 2．利用同義詞或近義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，排除干擾選項(xiàng) 在完形填空題的文章中，常會(huì)有某一詞語在語篇中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象，有時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些與選項(xiàng)意義緊密相連的同義詞或近義詞。因此，考生要學(xué)會(huì)充分利用這些詞所提供的有效信息進(jìn)行合理的推測(cè)和判斷，選出正確答案。 [典例]　(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅲ節(jié)選) When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, 41.wrong number！” and move on. But when Dennis Williams __42__ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something 43.special. 42．A.received　　　　　　 B．translated C．copied D．printed 分析：選A　本題可以利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。第42空是上文“get”的同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A項(xiàng)。 3．明確語境，準(zhǔn)確理解一詞多義和熟詞生義 在英語中，多數(shù)的詞都是多義詞，我們把這種現(xiàn)象稱之為一詞多義。一詞多義是很普遍的語言現(xiàn)象。在完形填空的選項(xiàng)中，有時(shí)也出現(xiàn)一些多義詞。這些詞除了我們常見的詞義外，在一些特定語境中，又出現(xiàn)了新的意義，即熟詞生義。如果對(duì)這類詞的意義掌握得不夠全面，會(huì)給考生在解答完形填空時(shí)帶來很大的干擾，導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)選或誤選。 [典例]　(20186月浙江高考節(jié)選) One day I 46.met a former classmate of mine who was47.making a lot of money running a sideline (副業(yè))．Since his regular job was48.boring,_I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline fulltime.He said without the job, he would__49__ have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50.college. He said that if he51.quit the job, he would lose his52.drive to work and succeed. 49．A.luckily B．hardly C．hopefully D．simply 分析：選D　根據(jù)語境可知，他說如果沒有那份工作，他確實(shí)會(huì)有很多時(shí)間。simply“確實(shí)，簡(jiǎn)直”。此處simply這個(gè)詞屬于熟詞生義，我們比較熟悉它的義項(xiàng)是：簡(jiǎn)單地，簡(jiǎn)樸地。 4．根據(jù)固定搭配、固定短語或固定句型，確定正確選項(xiàng) 固定搭配，特別是動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、介詞的搭配在完形填空題中出現(xiàn)的比例很大。如果考生在備考時(shí)對(duì)常用的固定搭配、固定短語和固定句型能牢固地掌握，并在理解上下文的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)其進(jìn)行靈活的運(yùn)用，就能達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。 [典例]　(20186月浙江高考節(jié)選) So, try __53__ your time with other work.This is why there is a 54.saying that if you want something done, ask a 55.busy person to do it. 53．A.saving B．filling up C．giving up D．trading 分析：選B　本題可以利用固定搭配解題。此處為作者的感慨：因此，試著用其他工作填滿你的時(shí)間。fill up sth. with sth.是固定搭配，表示“用某物裝滿/填滿某物”。 5．根據(jù)語法知識(shí)，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，選出最佳選項(xiàng) 雖然高考完形填空題越來越淡化對(duì)語法的考查，但是命題人常常考查一定語境中各類從句的引導(dǎo)詞的正確使用。因此解題時(shí)，不僅要熟悉引導(dǎo)詞的用法，同時(shí)要分析語境，結(jié)合語法的表意功能，做出正確的選擇。 [典例]　(2017北京高考節(jié)選) Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada ... Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person ... She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people __42__ they first saw the homeless man. 42．A.since B．unless C．a(chǎn)lthough D．a(chǎn)s 分析：選A　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語從句，此處表示“自從她們第一次看到那個(gè)無家可歸的人以來，她就一直和她的媽媽談?wù)摕o家可歸的人的生活狀況”。表示“自……以來”要用since, since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，主句常用完成時(shí)，故選A。 6．巧用邏輯關(guān)系語，定位相關(guān)選項(xiàng) 邏輯關(guān)系語指表示各種邏輯意義的連接成分，主要有：①詞(包括連詞、副詞和少數(shù)介詞)，如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等。②短語，如in other words, in addition, as a result, on the contrary, instead of 等。③分句和獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，如that is to say, what is more, generally speaking等。在解題時(shí)要充分利用這些邏輯關(guān)系語，找到與文中某些詞、短語有密切關(guān)系的選項(xiàng)。 [典例]　(20186月浙江高考節(jié)選) We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it__36__to have too much time? 36．A.true B．fair C．strange D．possible 分析：選D　本題容易誤選strange。誤選原因主要是有些考生沒弄清楚前后句之間的聯(lián)系。前面一句“我們都聽說過時(shí)間比金錢要珍貴得多”，所以后面一句應(yīng)該是“但是，我們有過多的時(shí)間，這有可能嗎”，而不是“……這奇怪嗎”，but這個(gè)連詞很關(guān)鍵。 7．突破句子的限制，捕捉篇章信息 每篇完形填空都會(huì)圍繞一個(gè)主題展開，其結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，上下文聯(lián)系緊密，前后照應(yīng)，所以解題時(shí)不要只局限在句子層面上，而要從段落或整篇文章入手，整體把握文章的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合上下文，找出解題的線索。 [典例]　(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ節(jié)選) During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41.jumped_at the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42.save a few dollars ... Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48.job was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49.clear that our credits would be hardearned. In order to 50.pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51.apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and, 52.eventually,_to our lives. I managed to get an A in that __53__ and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54.classroom. 53. A．game　　　　　　　 B．presentation C．course D．experiment 分析：選C　本題只看題目所在的句子我們是無法確定答案的，此類題目需要綜合全篇來找線索。本文主要講述了作者在上大學(xué)時(shí)所選的課程——國(guó)際象棋對(duì)自己以后的職業(yè)和生活起到了很重要的作用。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，此處表示，“我”在國(guó)際象棋課程(course)上獲得了A。 8．依據(jù)背景知識(shí)和常識(shí)，確定正確答案 完形填空題所選的文章多是具有一定故事情節(jié)和教育意義的記敘文或敘議結(jié)合、富有哲理的夾敘夾議文，這類文章的材料都非常貼近考生生活?？忌诮忸}時(shí)，可以根據(jù)文化、科學(xué)、歷史、地理、風(fēng)俗民情等背景信息和生活常識(shí)充分想象當(dāng)時(shí)的情景，從而選出符合語境的最佳答案。 [典例]　(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅰ節(jié)選) ... He was an international grandmaster, which 45.meant I would be learning from one of the game’s __46__. I could hardly wait to 47.meet him. 46．A.fastest B．easiest C．best D．rarest 分析：選C　international grandmaster意為“國(guó)際大師”，根據(jù)背景知識(shí)可知，國(guó)際象棋課程的導(dǎo)師是一位國(guó)際象棋大師，這就意味著“我”將跟隨下國(guó)際象棋最好的(best)人之一學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。 9．利用作者態(tài)度或感情色彩關(guān)聯(lián)解題 在高考完形填空文章中，我們一定要在快速閱讀文章的過程中，仔細(xì)找出能夠反映作者態(tài)度和感情色彩的重要詞匯，它們往往是名詞、形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。這些詞匯通常是我們做題時(shí)重要的參照線索，可以幫助我們快速確定某些題目的正確答案。 [典例]　(2018全國(guó)卷Ⅱ節(jié)選) Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41.last seen him. So imagine my __42__ when he emailed me saying he wanted to e to visit me. 42．A.delight B．relief C．a(chǎn)nger D．worry 分析：選A　本題可以利用作者態(tài)度或感情色彩關(guān)聯(lián)解題。前文提到作者已經(jīng)13年沒見過自己的兒子了，因此當(dāng)兒子發(fā)來郵件說他想來看望作者時(shí)，作者應(yīng)該是感到高興(delight)，故A項(xiàng)符合語境。 10．理清文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，快速確定正確答案 完形填空題的文章一般按事件發(fā)展的順序來敘述，正確把握文章的發(fā)展順序?qū)Π盐瘴恼碌闹髅}有著重要意義。因此，在選擇答案時(shí)，要按照事情發(fā)展的順序，從整體上把握文章內(nèi)容，弄清文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和文章的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，同時(shí)認(rèn)真比較所給選項(xiàng)，從中選出最符合語境的答案。 [典例]　(2017全國(guó)卷Ⅰ節(jié)選) The 46.story began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club 47.performed their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very 48.idea of municating without speaking 49.attracted me.What I saw was pletely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50.past.This newness just left me 51.wanting more. After that, feeling the need to __52__ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings.I only learned how to 53.sign the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54.slow progress, I was excited.I then made it a point to 55.attend those meetings and learn all I could. 52．A.exercise B．explore C．express D．explain 分析：選B　本題可以利用文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)解題。所節(jié)選部分文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)為：大學(xué)第一周我觀看了美式手語俱樂部的表演→我被表演所吸引→我想進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)更多手語方面的知識(shí)→我參加俱樂部的會(huì)議。根據(jù)文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)可知，第52題是在作者觀看了美式手語俱樂部的表演后感受到了進(jìn)一步“探索”(explore)的必要。故答案為B項(xiàng)。 最后，考生應(yīng)該帶著選項(xiàng)通讀語篇，注意看所選答案填入空格后文章是否意思通順、前后連貫、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、結(jié)構(gòu)完整、首尾呼應(yīng)等。這一步是必不可少的，可以幫助考生取得高分。 分文體訓(xùn)練，更有利于學(xué)生掌握不同文體的行文結(jié)構(gòu)和布局，從而快速讀懂文章、精準(zhǔn)解題。 完形填空模擬檢測(cè)(一)　記敘文 (A卷) (共2篇，限時(shí)35分鐘) A Our younger son, Tim, was in his senior year of high school.Every student is madly trying to get good __1__ and plete college applications.There was an essay he had to write and the __2___was drawing near.We’re good parents.We do our best at keeping our___3__ shut — whenever possible.Tim knew what he should do, but he had a tendency to __4__ anything.Weekend homework was never done until Sunday night, no matter how much free time there might have been. I knew I shouldn’t __5__ him, but I really worried.So I said in an offhand (隨便的) way, “By the way, Tim, have you worked on that essay you’re __6__ to do？” Tim, in his __7__ way, looked at me and said, “Mom, your anxiety is not going to make me get it done any faster” — a line that has been __8__ in family memory forever.Tim hit on something that seems __9__ truer today than when he first said it.Our anxiety doesn’t make us faster or more efficient. __10__， it simply makes us more anxious. It seems so __11__， and yet, something I easily forget.When I closed my eyes on the subway train, my anxiety was the first thing to __12__.It was surprisingly loud: “You need to do this! Have you worried about that? What about that？” I __13__ to open my eyes quickly, take out my phone and send an email __14__ put down something in my calendar.I forgot I should deal with my anxiety rather than be __15__ by it. We should keep our anxiety under __16__.How can we have the courage to face __17__ if we worry about this and that? When our anxiety es up, we should keep our eyes closed and say to ourselves that __18__ will be much better and we can make it through.As long as we __19__ dealing with anxiety every day, it will bee less and less till it disappears __20__. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者的兒子在讀高三，處在努力拼搏的階段。面對(duì)孩子的拖沓，作者感到焦慮。但她兒子的話讓她明白焦慮解決不了問題，我們必須學(xué)會(huì)努力克服焦慮。 1．A.grades　　　　　　　 B．ments C．salaries D．jobs 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文“Our younger son, Tim, was in his senior year of high school.”及下文“plete college applications”可知，作者的兒子Tim在讀高三，每一位學(xué)生都在努力取得好成績(jī)并完成大學(xué)申請(qǐng)。grade此處意為“成績(jī)”，還可表示“年級(jí)，等級(jí)，級(jí)別”等意思。 2．A.petition B．meeting C．deadline D．celebration 解析：選C 　根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，作者的兒子有一篇文章要寫，截止日期馬上要到了。deadline意為“最后期限，截止日期”。 3．A.eyes B．hearts C．doors D．mouths 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文“Tim knew what he should do”可知，作者和丈夫知道在可能的情況下要盡力閉嘴，因?yàn)門im知道自己應(yīng)該做什么。 4．A.worry about B．put off C．note down D．figure out 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文“Weekend homework was never done until Sunday night ...”可知，無論有多少空閑時(shí)間，作者的兒子總是直到周日晚上才開始寫周末作業(yè)。故作者的兒子有拖沓的傾向。put off常意為“推遲，延期，阻礙”，而此處意為“拖沓”。 5．A.blame B．confuse C．urge D．help 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文“but I really worried.So I said in an offhand (隨便的) way, ‘By the way, Tim, have you worked on that essay you’re __6__ to do？’”可知，作者不想催促Tim，但她很著急。所以用了一種隨便的方式去問他。 6．A.allowed B．supposed C．a(chǎn)dvised D．forced 解析：選B　根據(jù)第一段中的“There was an essay he had to write”可知，作者是在問Tim開始寫他應(yīng)該完成的文章了嗎。 7．A.wise B．new C．simple D．strange 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文“Mom, your anxiety is not going to make me get it done any faster”可知，作者的兒子告訴她，她的焦慮并不能使他做得更快。因此他是用一種睿智的方式回應(yīng)作者。 8．A.repeated B．preserved C．copied D．ignored 解析：選B　作者兒子的話永遠(yuǎn)保存在了家庭的記憶中。preserve“保存”，符合語境。 9．A.yet B．even C．ever D．never 解析：選B　Tim富有哲理的話在今天更有道理。因?yàn)殡S著時(shí)間的推移，作者對(duì)焦慮有了更深的感悟。 10．A.Fortunately B．Partly C．Actually D．Originally 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文“Our anxiety doesn’t make us faster or more efficient.”及下文“it simply makes us more anxious”可知，我們的焦慮不會(huì)使我們做事更快或更有效率。事實(shí)上(actually)，這只會(huì)使我們更焦慮。fortunately“幸運(yùn)地”；partly“一定程度上”；originally“原來，起初”。 11．A.easy B．natural C．terrible D．obvious 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文“and yet, something I easily forget”可知，這個(gè)道理很明顯，但仍然被作者輕易地忘了。 12．A.speak B．a(chǎn)ct C．remember D．lose 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文“It was surprisingly loud: ‘You need to do this！”可知，當(dāng)作者在地鐵上閉上眼睛的時(shí)候，焦慮會(huì)第一個(gè)浮現(xiàn)在腦海，開始跟她“講話”。 13．A.managed B．refused C．used D．a(chǎn)greed 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文“... to open my eyes quickly, take out my phone ... ”和最后