2019-2020年高考英語一輪 語法專題6 情態(tài)動詞01 譯林牛津版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語一輪 語法專題6 情態(tài)動詞01 譯林牛津版高考預(yù)練1. You must be excited about going to Japan for schooling._ , but Im afraid I cant do well because Japanese is poor.A. Never mind B. Well, I ought toC. I dont know yet D. Certainly not2. What do you think of your nephew?He_ be very naughty but at the same time you poor.A. will ; will B. wont; cant C. may ; may D. can; cant3. Exercise is_ as any other to lose unwanted weight.A. so useful a way B. as a useful wayC. as useful a way D. such a useful way4. _ you_ the editor at the airport?No, he_ away before my arrival.A. Have. met; has driven B. Had. met; was drivenC. Did. meet; had been driven D. Have. met; had driven5. Why didnt you answer my phone when I phoned you at about 11 p. m. yesterday?I _and failed to hear the phone.A. might have slept B. must be sleepingC. might be sleeping D. must have been sleeping6. His parents meant him_ scientific research, but he showed no interest and turned poet.A. going in for B. to have gone in for C. to go in for D. having gone in for7. What would you wish to do if you were a college student again?Thats very hard to say, but I wish I when I was a college student.A. has not studied biology B. did study biologyC. had studied biology D. studied biology8. He_ when the bus came to a sudden stop.A. was almost hurt B. was to hurt himselfC. was hurt himself D. was hurting himself9. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all.A. When pared B. To pareC. While paring D. It pared10. If you want to see a doctor, fix the date with him ahead of time. This is a mon _ in the USA.A. habit B. law C. rule D. custom11. Nothing_ after the terrible fire which had been caused by someone smoking in bed.A. left B. was remained C. remained D. continued12. Although motor car has been with us for almost a century, I have never been able to drive _American one.A. the ; an B. was remained C. a; the D. the ; the13. It was not a good idea to go skating. You _your leg.A. can break B. could breakC. could have broken D. could have been broken14. What were you doing when she dropped in?I for a while and_ some reading.A. was playing; was going to do B. played; didC. had played; was going to do D. had played; did15. The queen will visit the town in May, she will open the new hospital.A. when B. then C. while D. but參考答案與解析15 BDCCD 610 BCAAD 11-15 CACCA*1B本題關(guān)鍵是抓住答語中提供的信息，“恐怕我做不好，因?yàn)槲业娜照Z很差?！彼薪訂栄瓸選項(xiàng)“我本該很高興”最符合題意。 2D本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法，前一空填“可能”含義的情態(tài)動詞，排除A、B。后一空為慣用法，cant help doing是禁不住干某事。 3C本題是形容詞比較級的用法考查。as+adj+as表示“和一樣”。若as之間出現(xiàn)名詞j排列順序應(yīng)為as+a由+aan+n+as。4C本題關(guān)鍵要抓住此事已發(fā)生。而答語中的行為在問句行為之前出現(xiàn)，所以前一空為一般過去時，后一空為過去完成時。 5D本題可以采用排除法。問句中提供整個過程表示過去的行為。情態(tài)動詞后接完成時表示對過去的猜測，故排除B、C。問句中有“at about 11 pm”具體的時間點(diǎn)，所以選D。6B mean在本題中意為“想”，相當(dāng)于want，用法為mean sbto do，。而go in for表示“從事”。整句話為一般過去時，故不定式之后用完成時形式表過去。7C本題考查wish后接賓詞從句的用法。Wish后接賓詞從句，從句的謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，因?yàn)轭}干提示與過去事實(shí)相反，故用had done。8A本題考查hurt的用法，hurt是及物動詞，“傷害某人”用hurt+oneself；若hurt后未接名詞，則必須用被動。類似的詞還有：seat，dress等等。9A本題考查省略的用法。分句和主句的主語一致，when引導(dǎo)分句的主語省略，原句應(yīng)為“when the highest mountain is pared with the size of the whole earth”。10D本題是典型的詞語辨析題，habit通常為“生活習(xí)慣”，law為“法律”，rule為“條文規(guī)定”，custom為“習(xí)慣”，所以D項(xiàng)符合題意。 11C本題考查動詞的用法。表示“剩下”的意思時，leave為及物動詞，應(yīng)為“be left，remain為不及物動詞，故選C。 12A本題考查冠詞的用法。前者加定冠詞the，表示“一類”；后者為泛指。13C本題關(guān)鍵為抓住題中提供的信息?！癐t was not a good idea表明動作發(fā)生于過去，情態(tài)動詞后接動詞完成式表明對過去動作的猜測。14C本題的時態(tài)考查具有一定的迷惑性。“she dropped in”發(fā)生于“play與“do some reading之間，故play用過去完成時，而do some reading用過去將來時。15A 本題為連詞用法的考查，句子無承接和轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，故排除B、D，而while更強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個動作同時發(fā)生，所以也不符合題意。 情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的語氣和情緒，本身詞義不全，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，后面必須與動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有的情態(tài)動詞有過去式?？键c(diǎn)一can與could1表示能力，但could主要指過去的能力。表示“過去有能力成功做成某事”時通常用was/were able to。The little boy can speak two foreign languages.Could the girl read before she went to school?Everyone was able to escape when the fire broke out.2表示可能（理論上或是邏輯判斷上，并不涉及此事真的發(fā)生），常譯為“往往會，有時候可能會”，常用于肯定句中。Accidents can happen on rainy days.3表示請求和允許。在問句中could語氣比can要委婉。You can go back home now.4表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。How can you be so careless?5表示推測，常用于否定句和疑問句中，語氣較強(qiáng)。He cant be in the classroom；the light is not on.6cannot/never.too/enough.表示“再也不為過”。You can never be too careful when driving a car.7cannot but do sth./cannot help but do sth. /cannot choose but do sth.表示“不得不，只好做某事”。You cannot choose but go with me.考點(diǎn)二shall1用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中，表示命令、許諾、警告、強(qiáng)制、威脅、決心等；此外，頒布法律、規(guī)定時也用shall。The new law shall e into effect next month.2用于第一、三人稱的疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ街甘?。Shall the man standing outside have a try?考點(diǎn)三must1表示主觀上的“必須，應(yīng)該”，其否定形式mustnt表示禁止。對比：have to表示客觀上的“不得不”，可用于各種時態(tài)。You must listen carefully in class.Students mustnt play with mobile phones in class.I had lost my key，so I had to wait outdoors.2表示“非要，偏要”做某事，表達(dá)出說話者的一種不滿情緒。Why must you be talking so loudly when others are sleeping?3表示對具體事情的推測，意為“一定，肯定”，語氣較強(qiáng)，只用于肯定句中。He must e from America.考點(diǎn)四should 1表示義務(wù)，常譯為“應(yīng)該”，用于各種人稱。Parents should take care of their babies.2表示預(yù)測可能性，譯為“可能，（按道理）應(yīng)該”，多指對未來合乎理想的情況或結(jié)果的一種期盼。Its nearly 8 oclock.He should be here at the moment.3表示驚訝、意外等，常譯為“竟然，居然”。I am surprised that you should speak ill of me.4用在if條件句中，表示可能性很小的一種虛擬語氣，常譯為“如果”。If I should see him，I would tell him the news.考點(diǎn)五will與would1表示意愿，用于各種人稱的陳述句中。would常指過去的意愿。If you will read the book，Ill give it to you.2表示請求，用于疑問句。would語氣較委婉。Will you close the window?3表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動作，常譯為“總是，慣于”。would 可表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向，后面接表示動作的動詞，不能接表示狀態(tài)的詞。對比：used to表示過去的習(xí)慣動作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已不存在。He would sit in the park which used to be a factory reading for hours.考點(diǎn)六may與might1表示請求、允許、許可，might比may語氣委婉。You may use my bike.2表示推測，常用于陳述句中，語氣比較弱，把握性不大。might語氣比may還要弱。 He may go out.3may as well動詞原形，意為“最好，倒不如”。You may as well do it at once.4may well動詞原形，意為“完全能，很可能”。Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize at first sight.5may用于祈使句中，表示祝愿。May you return in safety.考點(diǎn)七need 與dare1二者都可以作為情態(tài)動詞和行為動詞。當(dāng)作情態(tài)動詞時，后面要接動詞原形，通常用于否定句、疑問句和條件句中。用作行為動詞時，其變化和一般的動詞相同，有人稱和數(shù)的變化，構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句時要借助于助動詞do，does，did。dare用作行為動詞，用于否定句和疑問句時，常省略后面的to。You neednt hurry；he needs to dress up.The little didnt dare（to）go out at night alone.2need作行為動詞時，若主語為動作的承受者時用動詞的主動形式表示被動意義或用不定式的被動形式。The house needs repairing.The house needs to be repaired.3I dare say為習(xí)慣說法，意為“我想，大概”。I dare say she dare not speak to her father in this manner.考點(diǎn)八情態(tài)動詞表推測1can，may，must皆可用來表示推測。1）在肯定句中都可以用來表示可能性。在含義上“must”語氣最肯定，“may”表示不太肯定的可能性，而can表示理論上的可能性。2）在否定句中只能用“can not”和“may not”。“cant”（不可能）語氣比“may not”（可能不、也許不）更強(qiáng)。3）在疑問句中只能用“can”，不能用“may”和“must”。Accidents can happen on such snowy days.Look，there is some blood on the road；an accident must have happened just now.But it cant have been Mike，for I saw him in the school.2should 與ought to 可以表示對未來情況的一種期盼，常譯為“按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”。He should/ought to be here on timehe started early.考點(diǎn)九情態(tài)動詞have done1could have done的疑問或否定形式表示對過去發(fā)生的行為表示懷疑或不肯定，其中couldnt have done 多用于語氣強(qiáng)烈的否定，意為“過去不可能做過”。could have done在肯定句中表示“本來能做但卻沒做”。The accident could have been avoided；the driver couldnt have slowed down.2may/might have done 表示對過去行為的推測，意為“可能做過”。might 所表示的可能性比較弱，此外might have done 還可表示“本可能做而實(shí)際上未做”，含有輕微的責(zé)備語氣。You might have given him more help，though you were busy with your work.3must have done 表示對過去行為的推測，意為“一定，想必做過”，語氣十分肯定。It must have rained yesterday，as the ground is wet.4should/ought to have done 用于肯定句時，表示本該做某事，而實(shí)際上未做；用于否定句時，則表示不該做某事反而做了。You oughtnt to have been late for the meeting，as it was very important.5neednt have done 表示本來不必做某事而實(shí)際上卻做了。I actually neednt have bought so much foodonly three people came.6had better have done 用于事后的建議，含輕微責(zé)備的口吻，意為“當(dāng)時最好做了某事”。I had better have started earlier.