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專題六　情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣(+閱讀理解+短文改錯(cuò)+書面表達(dá)) A級　基礎(chǔ)過關(guān) Ⅰ.單句填空 1.If it 　　　　　　rain tomorrow,I wouldn’t probably go and see the football match tomorrow. 答案should 2.It’s too bad that my puter has got a new virus.If only I 　　　　　　(not) run that programme! 答案had not 3.How I wish I 　　　　　　(can) use the software to design puter programs. 答案could 4.If I 　　　　　　(be) you,I would pay more attention to English idioms and phrases. 答案were 5.If you 　　　　　　(take) my advice when you were in high school,you wouldn’t be doing this kind of jobs now. 答案had taken 6.I could have helped you,but I 　　　　　　(be) busy then. 答案was 7.I would rather you 　　　　　　(make) an apology to your father for your behaviour right away. 答案made 8.Bob visited my family today,but I would rather he 　　　　　　(e)last weekend. 答案had e 9.Stop watching TV,Tonny.It’s time that you 　　　　　　(sleep). 答案slept/should sleep 10.　　　　　　(have) you not been careless,you would have passed the driving test. 答案Had Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1.If you could provided more specific information,I would be well grateful. 答案provided→provide 2.But in fact,Gorka can quite shy,even around the people he has known for a while. 答案can后面加be 3.As for the consumers,they had better have their own judgment and not were puzzled by ads. 答案were→be 4.Sorry,I am too busy now.If I have time,I would certainly go for an outing with you. 答案have→had 5.Most citizens in Hong Kong strongly insisted that those who attacked the police with violence were put into prison. 答案were→be 6.Professor Li hasn’t turned up now.He mustn’t have missed the flight. 答案mustn’t→may或could或might 7.Electric Library ought be made accessible to all the students in school. 答案ought后面加to 8.We needn’t to wait for him any longer.Perhaps he won’t e to the meeting. 答案去掉to wait中的to 9.—Where is the cup,dear? —You might put it in the kitchen. 答案might后面加have 10.He can have taken the wrong train,or else,he has arrived now. 答案can→could或may或might B級　能力提升 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 A (2018河北衡水中學(xué)押題卷二) When Gitanjali Rao shared how she likes“finding solutions to real problems”,it was hard to imagine this dynamic 11-year-old girl could settle a problem that has escaped scientists for years. In just three months,Rao came up with a device(裝置)that can replace the costly and lengthy tests currently used to reliably determine lead levels in our fresh water.Inspired by the current litigation(訴訟) in Flint,Michigan,a case of water pollution from 2014 to 2015,Rao designed a new testing system that resulted in her being named America’s Top Young Scientist for 2017. Rao had been following the water problem for about two years.She was amazed by the number of people affected by lead pollution in water and wanted to do something to change this.Gitanjali spent months trying to convince local high schools and colleges to give her lab time to continue her experiment.At home,Gitanjali worked on her project in the “science room” she asked her parents to create for her.Rao has created a device that uses three parts:a cartridge,a Bluetooth reader and an app.To put it simply,the cartridge contains carbon nanotubes(納米管) that react to lead.This reaction is then registered by the Bluetooth reader,which sends a signal to a mobile app that can tell you immediately if your water is safe to drink. Rao appropriately named the device Tethys after the Greek goddess of fresh water,and is hoping to make a little improvement to get the device on the market.While we may not be aware of any lead pollution present in our aging pipelines,lead poisoning can cause delays in physical and mental development.With Rao believing that the“purpose of science is to make a difference”,her incredible invention could make a difference to millions of people in the United States. 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹Gitanjali Rao,一個(gè)充滿活力的11歲女孩是怎樣解決一個(gè)多年來一直困擾著科學(xué)家的問題。Rao相信“科學(xué)的目的是為了改變現(xiàn)狀”,她那令人難以置信的發(fā)明可能會對美國數(shù)百萬人產(chǎn)生影響。 1.What do we know about Rao’s device? A.It’s cheap and quick. B.It’s cheap and inaccurate. C.It’s expensive and reliable. D.It’s portable and time-consuming. 答案A 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Rao came up with a device(裝置) that can replace the costly and lengthy tests currently used to reliably determine lead levels in our fresh water.”可知,關(guān)于Rao的設(shè)備我們知道它既便宜又快速。故選A項(xiàng)。 2.What made Rao have the idea of designing the device? A.Her parents’ suggestions. B.The name of the Greek goddess. C.Her interest in settling real problems. D.The water pollution litigation in Flint. 答案D 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inspired by the current litigation(訴訟) in Flint,Michigan”可知,Flint的水污染訴訟讓Rao想到了設(shè)計(jì)這個(gè)設(shè)備的想法。故選D項(xiàng)。 3.What do the carbon nanotubes function as? A.Sending immediate signals. B.Recording the reaction results. C.Detecting the presence of lead. D.Showing the water quality results. 答案C 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“To put it simply,the cartridge contains carbon nanotubes(納米管) that react to lead.”可知,碳納米管的作用是探測到鉛的存在。故選C項(xiàng)。 4.What does the author think of Rao’s invention? A.It will lead Rao to make a fortune. B.It will help millions of Americans drink safe water. C.It will promote the development of science in America. D.It will soon settle the lead-polluted problem thoroughly. 答案B 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“With Rao believing that the ‘purpose of science is to make a difference’,her incredible invention could make a difference to millions of people in the United States.”可知,作者認(rèn)為Rao的發(fā)明將幫助數(shù)百萬美國人飲用安全的水。故選B項(xiàng)。 B (2018山東泰安二模) Noise-cancelling audio instruments have been around for a while now,but one Berlin-based designer believes that blocking “visual noise” is as important,if not more so,as cancelling out unwanted sounds.To this end he has created a simple accessory called the Focus Cap. Open work spaces definitely have their benefits,but they e with the drawback of offering employees little to no control over visual distractions(干擾).With so many people around and so much going on,some of us can easily get disturbed by this information overload and lose focus in what’s really important.That’s where the Focus Cap es into play. “As we are still cavemen or mammals kept in an unnatural environment,I believe that only by reclaiming(收回) the normal,stress-free human state through simple tools and techniques can we finally release our actual creative potential and create our meaningful work for a brighter future,”says German designer Hannes Greblin,inventor of the Focus Cap. After looking at other products designed at minimizing visual distractions,Greblin decided that most of them were either too expensive or too unfortable to bee mainstream,so he decided to go with something much simpler—a simple cap with a retractable visor(可伸縮的帽沿). Greblin’s Focus Cap is really straightforward.You just wear it like a regular cap with the sides of the visor retracted,and just collapse the sides whenever you need to focus on what’s ahead of you.Whether you’re trying to focus on a task in an open work office.Trying to study at university,or practicing yoga in a park and trying to ignore stares from strangers,the Focus Cap can help. To be honest,this whole project sounds like a joke,but the Focus Cap does have its own website where people interested in this unusual accessory can actually sign up for updates on when it will go on sale.Greblin claims it will cost 30 euros($37) plus shipping. 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了The Focus Cap——一款消除視覺污染的帽子。 5.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.When to Use the Focus Cap B.How to Operate the Focus Cap C.The Focus Cap—an Ordinary Accessory D.The Focus Cap—a Visual-cancelling Accessory 答案D 解析主旨大意題。由第一段和最后一段可知,這篇文章主要介紹了The Focus Cap——一款消除視覺污染的帽子。故選D項(xiàng)。 6.Why did Greblin create the Focus Cap? A.To help people focus. B.To develop intelligence. C.To make people fortable. D.To release creative potential. 答案A 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“...some of us can easily get disturbed by this information overload and lose focus in what’s really important.That’s where the Focus Cap es into play.”可知,Greblin發(fā)明這款帽子是為了幫助人們集中精力。故選A項(xiàng)。 7.What do we know about the Focus Cap? 　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.It’s expensive. B.It’s simple. C.It’s delicate. D.It’s plex. 答案B 解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中的“a simple cap with a retractable visor(可伸縮的帽沿)”可知,這款帽子很簡單。故選B項(xiàng)。 8.From the text we can infer that 　　　. A.The Focus Cap simply blocks unwanted sounds B.The Focus Cap can only be used in the office C.Greblin is confident about the future of his product D.The Focus Cap has been on sale in quantity 答案C 解析推理判斷題。由最后一段可知,Greblin對他的這款產(chǎn)品的未來很有信心。故選C項(xiàng)。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) (2018四川遂寧三模) Last Thursday,we have a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing.We came up several choices such as going boating,climbing a mountain,and going to a amusement park.Finally,we decided to go mountain climbing. The next day,we set off early on the morning.While climbed the mountain,we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.However,when we reached to the top,we were shocking to see litter here and there,such as bottles and banana peels.Then they started to pick up the litter.Afterwards,we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respective. We were tired and happy. 答案 Last Thursday,we havehad a class meeting to discuss where to go for our spring outing.We came up ∧with several choices such as going boating,climbing a mountain,and going to aan amusement park.Finally,we decided to go mountain climbing. The next day,we set off early onin the morning.While climbedclimbing the mountain,we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful view.However,when we reached to the top,we were shockingshocked to see litter here and there,such as bottles and banana peels.Then theywe started to pick up the litter.Afterwards,we put the rubbish into the nearby recycling bin and non-recycling bin respectiverespectively. We were tired andbut happy. Ⅴ.書面表達(dá) 假定你是李華。第二屆風(fēng)箏節(jié)將于下周日在你所在的城市舉辦,請給正在北京學(xué)中文的美國朋友Mike寫封郵件,邀請他前來參加。內(nèi)容包括: 1.建議的交通方式; 2.風(fēng)箏節(jié)活動:了解風(fēng)箏歷史,放風(fēng)箏等。 注意: 1.詞數(shù)100左右; 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。 參考范文 Dear Mike, I’d like to invite you to join me in the Kite Festival to be held next Sunday in my city.It is an activity in which you can appreciate all kinds of fantastic kites and get to know its birthplace and history.Since it happens that you are studying Chinese in Beijing,I think it’s such a good chance for you to taste something about Chinese tradition and culture.I’m also expecting you to join me in flying a kite made by myself.We’ll have a lot of fun. If you are able to e,please let me know and I suggest you take a train here. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua