2020版高考英語一輪復習 Unit 9 Wheels講義 北師大版必修3.doc

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Unit 9 Wheels (一)課前自主學習.閱讀單詞知其意1cyclist n騎自行車的人2motorist n. 駕駛汽車的人3pedestrian n. 行人4chip n. 集成電路片，硅片5ambassador n. 大使6interpreter n. 譯員，口譯者7southeast n. 東南，東南方8jam n. 阻塞，擁擠9traffic jam 交通阻塞，塞車10minibus n. 小巴11plus prep. 加，加上12solar adj. 太陽的，太陽光的13ferry n. 渡船14per adj. 每，每一15nonsmoking adj. 禁止吸煙的.重點單詞寫其形1therefore adv. 縱聯1 所以，因此2arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留3thief n. 賊，小偷4insert vt. 插入，嵌入5platform n. 站臺，月臺6gentle adj. 和善的，溫和的7fierce_adj. 兇狠的，兇惡的8vocabulary n縱聯2 詞匯；詞匯量 9schedule_n. 時間表；進度表10timetable n. 時間表11foolish adj. 愚蠢的12hostess_n. 女主人13crossing n. 交叉路口，人行橫道14content_n. 容納的東西；目錄15amount_n. 數量16physical adj. 身體的；物質的17figure_n. 數字，數目18admit vt. 承認，供認19whichever pron. 無論哪個20damage_ vt.& n. 損害，損失21appreciate vt. 縱聯3 欣賞；感謝22hopeful adj.縱聯4 (人)抱有希望的.拓展單詞通其變1convenient adj.方便的，便利的convenience n方便，便利2argue vi.爭辯，爭吵argument n理由；依據；爭論，爭辯3sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的sense n感覺4responsibility n負責，責任，職責responsible adj.負責的response n反應5impression n印象，感覺impress vt.給某人留下深刻印象，使銘記impressive adj.令人印象深刻的；感人的6reliable adj.可靠的rely vi.依靠，依賴7addicted adj.沉溺于的addict vi.& n使沉溺，使上癮；癮君子addiction n癮，沉溺，癖好addictive adj.上癮的8occupy vt.占用；擔任occupation n職業(yè)9suit vt.適合suitable adj.適合的10benefit vi.& n得益；好處beneficial adj.有好處的11actually adv.實際地，真實地actual adj.實際的12frequent adj.時常發(fā)生的frequently adv.頻繁地縱聯1.“因此”家族therefore adv.因此；所以 so conj.因此；所以thus adv.因此；于是 consequently adv.所以；因此as a result結果；因此縱聯2.由vocabulary想到的word單詞 phrase短語sentence句子 idiom習語proverb諺語 passage一段paragraph段落 article文章縱聯3.“感謝”家族grateful adj.感激的 gratitude n感激appreciate v感激；感謝 appreciation n感激thank v&n.感謝 thankful adj.感激的acknowledge v感謝 acknowledgment n感謝縱聯4.后綴“ful”構成的形容詞小結powerful強大的；有力的 harmful有害的doubtful懷疑的；疑惑的 faithful守信的forgetful健忘的 hopeful充滿希望的單元話題交通子話題1交通工具tram n有軌電車 lorry n運貨汽車，卡車truck n卡車，運貨車 motorcycle n摩托車carriage n四輪馬車 subway n地鐵aircraft n飛機 flight n航班helicopter n直升機 economic class經濟艙nonstop flight直達航班 express train特快列車highspeed rail高鐵 bullet train動車子話題2交通設施及服務railway n鐵路；鐵道 harbor n港口，碼頭airport n機場；飛機場 highway n公路steward n男乘務員 stewardess n女乘務員conductor n列車員 parking lot停車場traffic signal/light交通信號燈 學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應用1(2014遼寧高考閱讀D)Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees (雇員) and profits (利潤) of over 2 million per year. Hes never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. “Your working uniform is your shelter，” he told her. “Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be.”Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employees occupation.寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：responsibility，該句中where he is responsible .為定語從句寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義詞：damage寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動詞：occupy，該動詞的其他意思有：占用，消遣2(2012廣東高考完形)Sometimes it may not be so easy to know exactly what is right or wrong.Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is cruel to eat animals, but others (argument) that they can eat meat and still be kind to animals; some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel so guilty when stealing some food to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is starving.用所給詞的適當形式填空：argue寫出加黑詞在本單元的近義詞：gentle，加黑詞的其他詞性及意思：n.種類寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義詞：actually3(2011天津高考閱讀A)Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system.Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is mercial and not residential (居住的)Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger acmodation in a less crowded area.It is very (convenience) to travel in London by Underground.寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根詞：hostess寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義名詞：jam用所給詞的適當形式填空：convenient，句中it為形式主語高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應用(根據漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1(2018北京高考書面表達)上周，我們和我校的一些外國學生一起體驗了中國的茶文化，這給我們留下了深刻的印象，并取得了巨大的成功。(impression)Last_week,_we,_together_with_some_foreign_students_in_our_school_experienced_the_Chinese_tea_culture,_which_left_us_a_deep_impression_and_got_huge_success.2(2018江蘇高考書面表達)例如，從大量的參考書中選擇我經常感到困惑。在那種情況下，根據排名買書既方便又省錢。(convenient)For_example,_there_are_a_number_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.In_that_case,_it_is_both_convenient_and_economical_to_buy_books_according_to_the_ratings. (二)課堂重點釋疑1benefit v& n得益；有益于；好處記牢(1)benefit sb.使某人受益benefit from/by . 從中受益(2)be of (great) benefit (to .) (對)(大)有裨益for the benefit of . 為了的利益get benefit from . 從中受益(3)beneficial adj. 有益的；受益的be beneficial to sb. 對某人有益練通單句語法填空As we all know, books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot.In fact, music education is beneficial (benefit) and important for all students.句型轉換I hope this holiday will be beneficial to you.I hope this holiday will be of benefit to you.完成句子As everyone knows, sports are_beneficial_to building up our bodies.眾所周知，體育活動對強身健體有益。寫美(2013天津高考書面表達)如果我有幸當選，我將盡最大努力為同學們和俱樂部的利益服務。If_I_am_lucky_enough_to_be_elected,_I_will_make_every_effort_to_serve_for_the_benefit_of_students_and_our_club.2convenient adj.方便的，便利的記牢(1)It is convenient for sb.to do sth.做某事對某人來說方便(2)convenience n. U便利，方便； C方便好用的東西for convenience 為了方便起見 為了某人方便at ones convenience 在某人方便的時候， 在合適的時候練通單句語法填空You may send me an answer at your earliest convenience.I buy this apartment for convenience (convenient), for it is very convenient for me to_take (take) the subway.一句多譯如果你方便的話，應該多進行戶外運動。If it_is_convenient_for_you,_you should do more outdoor exercise.(convenient)If it_is_at_your_convenience,_you should do more outdoor exercise.(convenience)寫美(2015陜西高考書面表達)如果您有興趣，請在您方便的時候將申請郵件發(fā)送到陳老師的郵箱：chenlaoshiaef.。If_you_are_interested,_please_send_an_application_email_at_your_earliest_convenience_to_Ms_Chen_at_chenlaoshiaef.3argue vi.爭辯，爭吵vt.堅決主張，提出理由證明；說服，勸說記牢(1)argue with sb. about/over sth.就某事與某人爭論 argue that . 主張/認為argue for/against . 為贊成/反對而辯論argue sb.into doing sth. 說服某人做某事argue sb.out of doing sth. 說服某人不做某事(2)argument n. 爭論，辯論；論據，論點，理由have an argumentbeyond argument 無需爭論練通單句語法填空As far as I know, they argue for the right to vote.I argue that every one of us (should)_try (try) our best to help those in need.He argued against smoking and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health.When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument (argue)完成句子He was unhappy because many people argued_against_his_plan (反對他的計劃)It is beyond_argument (無可爭辯) that there are still millions of people leading a hard life with hunger and coldness.寫美(2015江蘇高考書面表達)一些人主張應該多注意我們擁堵的道路交通。Some_argued_that_more_attention_should_be_paid_to_our_heavy_road_traffic.4appreciate vt.欣賞，鑒賞；感激，感謝；理解，體會記牢(1)appreciate sth. 欣賞某物；感謝某事appreciate (sb./sb.s) doing sth.感謝(某人)做某事I would appreciate it if . 如果我將不勝感激(2)appreciation n. 欣賞；感激練通單句語法填空Id appreciate your writing (write) me back as soon as possible.I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) for helping me find the lost suitcase.用準appreciate表示“感激”時，后面要跟動詞ing形式作賓語，而且后面的賓語一般是事情或it，不跟sb.。appreciate sb.意為“重視，賞識某人”，如果表示“感激某人”用thank sb.。寫美(2015陜西高考書面表達)如果你能給我這樣一次機會來展示我的能力，我將不勝感激。I_really_appreciate_it_if_you_could_give_me_such_an_opportunity_to_show_my_talent.5amount n數量，數目；總額vi.合計，共計記牢(1)a large/small amount of不可數名詞大/少量的(作主語時謂語用單數)large/small amounts of不可數名詞 大/少量的(作主語時謂語用復數)in large amounts 大量地(2)amount to 合計；共計；等同于練通單句語法填空Proper amounts of childcare do (do) good to grandparents.A good amount of sleep every night is (be) also important for your health.The total sales of the pany didnt amount to more than a million dollars.This type of TV has been sold in large/small amounts.寫美(2014廣東高考書面表達)這些錢是她所有的積蓄。她可以省下這么多錢，因為她的生活很簡單。The_money_was_all_her_savings.She_could_save_such_a_large_amount_of_money_because_she_lived_a_very_simple_life.6addicted adj.沉溺于的；上癮的記牢(1)be/bee/get addicted to對上癮，沉溺于(to是介詞)(2)addict vt. 使沉溺，沉溺于n. 有癮的人；入迷的人addict oneself to 沉溺于(3)addictive adj. 使人上癮的，使入迷的練通單句語法填空A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending (send) and receiving messages.Her son addicted himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I find it quite addictive (addict)句式升級He was addicted to playing the violin and didnt notice a thief walk into his house.(用現在分詞作狀語)Addicting_himself_to_playing_the_violin,_he_didnt_notice_a_thief_walk_into_his_house.寫美(2018北京高考書面表達)一旦參與其中，他們立刻就沉迷于迷人的茶文化。Once_involved_in_it,_they_were_addicted_to_the_charming_tea_culture_right_now.7admit vt.承認，供認；準許入內；準許加入；可容納記牢(1)admit doing/having done/that . 承認做過admit . to be .承認是admit sb./sth.into/to 允許某人/某物進入(2)be admitted as 作為被接受be admitted to/into 加入；進入；被錄取(3)admission n. 準許進入；承認練通單句語法填空You have to admit the performance to_be (be) wonderful.The young man had to admit driving/having_driven (drive) without a driving permit.The young man tried to enter a nightclub, but was refused admission_(admit)一句多譯他承認違反了交通規(guī)則。He_admitted_breaking_the_traffic_rules.(admit doing)He_admitted_having_broken_the_traffic_rules.(admit having done)He_admitted_that_he_had_broken_the_traffic_rules.(admit that)寫美(2014四川高考書面表達)考試結果可能會正如所預料得那樣，我被我最喜愛的大學錄取的夢想將會成為現實。The_exams_are_likely_to_work_out_as_expected_and_my_dream_to_be_admitted_to_my_favorite_university_will_e_true.8occupy vt.居??；占用，使用；占領；使忙碌，使從事記牢(1)occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth.使某人忙于某事sb.be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 某人忙于某事(2)occupation n. 占領；職業(yè)練通單句語法填空I have been so occupied with work that I havent had time for social activities.I suppose I was looking for an occupation (occupy) which was going to be an adventure.句型轉換She is occupied in looking after three children at home, so she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.Occupied in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.Occupying herself in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.寫美(2014四川高考書面表達)一般來說，進入高三的那一刻，我們就忙于復習和準備，這被認為是一個至關重要的時期。Generally_speaking,_we_are_occupied_in_reviewing_and_preparing_for_it_the_moment_we_enter_senior_three,_which_is_considered_a_vital_period.詞匯過關綜合訓練.單詞拼寫1They built a platform (站臺) in the trees from which they could watch the animals unobserved.2You cant appreciate (欣賞) English poetry unless you understand its rhythm.3He studied hard, and in consequence (結果) he passed the exam.4The task will be finished ahead of schedule (進度表) if nothing prevents.5As you know, reading is one of the best ways to build vocabulary (詞匯量)6Bill was doing a lot of physical (身體的) exercise to build up his strength.7I wondered whether he had already known the contents (內容) of my telegram.8Every time I try to start the engine (發(fā)動機), theres a strange knocking sound.9He took a small key from his pocket and slowly inserted (插入) it into the lock.10It is difficult to quantify an exact figure (數字) as firms are unwilling to declare their losses.單句語法填空1We are always arguing with each other about money.2Our football team decided to admit him to_be (be) one of the members.3Its best to buy vegetables in large amounts because they are cheaper now.4Many towns have camping places for the convenience (convenient) of tourists.5Parents must represent to their children the risk of getting addicted to the Internet.6Such responses, even the tears, are beneficial (benefit) to ones longterm health.7Some patients actually (actual) got worse after receiving the treatment.8He would have attended your birthday party but he occupied himself with a very important experiment.9He is a reliable (rely) man, and you can rely on him to do what he has promised.10Stop feeling embarrassed because you are a sensitive (sense) person and your emotions are close to the surface.單句改錯1Ill visit you next weekend if it is convenient for you. forto2I feel that I have benefited greatly to her wisdom. tofrom3At that time, small amounts of land was used for keeping animals. waswere4I appreciate given the opportunity to work in your pany two years ago.given前加being5Addicting to Chinese culture, he decided to learn Chinese in a night school.AddictingAddicted或Addicting后加himself.完成句子1Will it_be_convenient_for_you to chat with me on the Internet tonight?你今晚方便和我網上聊天嗎？2We tried many ways to argue_him_into_accepting_our_advice，but in vain.我們嘗試了很多辦法勸說他接受我們的建議，但都是徒勞的。3Now many kids are_addicted_to_playing net games and eventually get their future ruined.現在許多孩子都沉溺于網絡游戲，最終會自毀前程。4I_would_appreciate_it_if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.如果您能就如何解決這些問題給我一些建議，我將不勝感激。5You can also revise the knowledge at the same time and you are_sure_to_benefit_from_it.與此同時你也復習了知識，你一定會從中獲益。(一)課前自主學習1fed_up串記1不愉快的，厭煩的2work_out 做運動，鍛煉身體；制訂出3thanks_to 串記2 由于，因為4pull_up (車輛)停止，停車5pull_out (火車)駛離車站，出站6so_far 迄今為止7take_place 串記3 發(fā)生；舉行8go_up 上升9take_part_in 參加10take_action 采取行動11rely_on 依賴，依靠12be_addicted_to 串記4 沉溺于13on_average 通常；平均14pared_to 與相比15be_related_to 與有關同根短語串記串記1.“厭倦，厭煩”短語知多少fed up be sick ofbe bored with be tired ofbe weary of串記2.“因為，由于”短語萬花筒thanks to as a result ofon account of as a consequence ofin consequence of due toowing to because of串記3.表示“發(fā)生”的高頻詞匯一覽take place (尤指按計劃或安排)發(fā)生happen (尤指偶然)發(fā)生；出現occur 發(fā)生；出現；存在于e about/up 產生；發(fā)生break out (戰(zhàn)爭、打斗等)突然爆發(fā)串記4.“bev.edto”短語薈萃be admitted to 被接納，被錄取be accustomed to 習慣于be devoted to 致力于be related to 與有關be opposed to 反對，對抗be addicted to 沉溺于1a good city for cycling 一個騎自行車的好城市2get stuck in traffic jams 陷入交通堵塞3use the suns energy for power 利用太陽能發(fā)電4the advantages of solar cars 太陽能汽車的優(yōu)點5keep you fit and help you live longer讓你保持健康和活得長壽6leave the bike there for someone else to use把自行車放在那兒讓別人用7an unusual design with bright colors顏色鮮艷的不尋常的設計8one of the major causes of global warming and climate change全球變暖和氣候變化的主要原因之一1Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.無論人們在哪里騎完一段路程，他們就把那輛自行車放到那里，以便別人能夠使用。2How often do we arrive at work or school stressed_out,_tired_and_angry?有多少次我們是在極度焦慮、疲憊、惱怒的狀態(tài)下到達辦公室或學校的？3But anger and stress are nothing pared_to the real costs of the motor car.但是比起汽車的實際代價，惱怒和緊張還是微不足道的。4In conclusion, on_the_one_hand Ludford is an attractive town with good shops and many places of interest. On_the_other_hand,_the local governments need to do something to control the traffic which passes through the town.總之，一方面，路孚德是一個有著優(yōu)良商店和眾多名勝的迷人小鎮(zhèn)。另一方面，當地政府有必要采取措施來控制途經鎮(zhèn)區(qū)的車輛。5Before 1908, when Fords cars became available to the public, it_was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.1908年福特汽車問世以前，只有非常有錢的人才能買得起汽車。學考對接活學活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞塊與句式1(2013湖北高考閱讀E)Surprisingly, pared with those in poor health or who had low ines, respondents who enjoyed good health or ine were associated with expecting a greater decline.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語)were_related_to2(2011浙江高考閱讀A)He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable.Perhaps, but maybe its also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets.Or changing social circumstances.Or some bination of these factors.(用本單元短語替換加黑短語)thanks_to高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞塊與句式(根據漢語及提示翻譯句子)1(2018浙江高考書面表達)看來我們回不去農舍吃晚飯了。我們都站在那里，又餓又累。(形容詞作狀語)It_seems_that_we_cant_make_our_way_back_to_the_farm_house_for_supper.We_all_stood_there,_hungry_and_tired.2(2018江蘇高考書面表達)當我買東西的時候，我往往會依賴消費排名，因為排名越高意味著產品質量越好。(rely on)I_tend_to_rely_on_consumption_ratings_when_I_buy_something_because_higher_rating_means_the_higher_quality_of_the_product.(二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1work out鍛煉身體，做運動；解決，解答；計算出；產生結果，發(fā)展；制訂出辨清寫出下列句中work out的含義The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning. 鍛煉身體Neither the teacher nor his students know how to work out the problem. 解決，解答The area can be easily worked out if you know the length and the width. 計算出The research centre worked out a new plan and decided to carry it out immediately.制訂出You cant predict everything. Often things dont work out as you expect. 產生結果記牢work on從事，繼續(xù)work at 從事/致力于out of work 失業(yè)at work 在工作中練通單句語法填空Scientists are still working on inventing methods of reaching outer space.He has been out of work for two months.用準work out作“解決；制訂出”講時，是及物動詞短語，可以接賓語；作“鍛煉；產生結果”時，為不及物動詞短語，沒有被動形式。寫美(2016江蘇高考書面表達)如果我們能制定一些讓人們遵守的參與規(guī)則，事情就會好轉。Things_will_turn_for_the_better_if_we_can_work_out_some_participation_rules_for_people_to_obey.2rely on依賴，依靠；指望記牢rely on/upon sb./sth.依靠某人/某物rely on/upon sb.to do/doing sth. 依靠/指望某人做某事rely on/upon sb.for sth. 因某事依賴某人rely on/upon it that . 相信；指望練通單句語法填空You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time.Many people now would rely on surfing (surf) the Internet rather than read newspaper for news.Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which makes the children rely on their parents badly.句型轉換We rely on his finishing the work today.We rely on him to finish the work today.We rely on it that he will finish the work today.寫美(2016江蘇高考書面表達)其次，這類投票并不取決于競爭對手的優(yōu)勢，而是取決于他們擁有多少社交網絡資源。Secondly,_voting_of_this_kind_does_not_rely_on_the_strong_points_of_the_petitors,_but_rather_on_how_many_socialnetworking_resources_they_have.3pull up (車輛)停止，停車；拔出；提高，改進；責怪記牢pull down拉下(遮簾、簾子等)；拆毀，拆掉(建筑物)pull off (費力氣)脫掉(衣服)pull out 駛出pull through 渡過難關，擺脫危險練通單句語法填空Everyone was very concerned whether he would pull through or not.The father saw the train his son was on pull out,_with his eyes full of tears.Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained controversial; people are still looking for other possible solutions.寫美(2015福建高考書面表達)我們應該努力通過學習提高自己，為將來做好準備。We_should_take_pains_to_pull_up_ourselves_through_learning_and_get_prepared_for_the_future.句式集釋強調句型教材原句Before 1908, when Fords cars became available to the public, it_was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.悟拓展例句(1)You are waiting at a wrong place.It_is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.你等錯地方了。長途公共汽車是在旅館接游客的。(2)Was_it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry?是因為杰克上學遲到史密斯先生才生氣的嗎？(3)What_was_it_that prevented him from ing in time?是什么使得他沒及時來到？(4)It_was_not_until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environmental protection.直到河里所有的魚都死光了，他們才意識到環(huán)保是多么重要。析用法規(guī)則用法歸