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必修四 Unit 1 Advertising 檢測評價A卷 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—Anything to say about the latest talk between the two countries? —________ I know nothing about it. A．No ment! B．Nothing to say. C．I beg your pardon? D．Go ahead. 解析：選A　句意：“對兩國之間最近的會談有要說的嗎？”“無可奉告！我什么也不知道?！盢o ment！“無可奉告！”；Nothing to say.“沒有東西要說。”；I beg your pardon？“請?jiān)僬f一遍？”；Go ahead.“用吧；請自便。”由know nothing about可知選A。 2．The hat that you are wearing is bigger than ________ my father bought for me yesterday. A．one B．it C．that D．this 解析：選C　it 特指同一事物；that 特指同類事物；one 泛指同類事物。結(jié)合語境可知選that。 3．—The exam wasnt difficult at all, was it? —No, but I dont believe________ could pass it. A．somebody B．a(chǎn)nybody C．everybody D．nobody 解析：選C　答句句意：是的，但是我認(rèn)為并不是每一個人都能通過考試。not ...everybody是部分否定。所以選擇C。 4．Diplomatic munication is ongoing between Beijing and Tokyo ________ at avoiding a major conflict ________ the islands, said Shen Shishun, an expert on AsiaPacific studies at Haikou College of Economics. A．a(chǎn)imed; regarding B．a(chǎn)iming; considering C．meant; concerning D．a(chǎn)iming; given 解析：選A　第一空aimed at ...“旨在……”作狀語；第二空regarding＝concerning prep.“關(guān)于”，修飾conflict。 5．Once upon a time there was a poor old fisherman, in front of whose house ________. A．a(chǎn) river lay B．did a river lie C．a(chǎn) river did lie D．lay a river 解析：選D　句意：從前有一位貧窮的老漁夫，他的房子前面有一條河。當(dāng)句首狀語為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語，且主語為名詞時，句子用全部倒裝語序。 6．(2019南通、泰州模擬)—Why has the bus not arrived? Im really sick of waiting for a bus. —Yeah.Especially when you have something ________ to do. A．private B．potential C．urgent D．a(chǎn)vailable 解析：選C　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“公共汽車為什么還沒有來？我真的很討厭等車。”“是的。尤其是當(dāng)你有急事要做的時候?！备鶕?jù)語境尤其是答語中的“Especially”可知，應(yīng)選 urgent“緊急的，急迫的”。 7．—Will Mr Black allow us to bring mobile phones to school? —He is ________ and I dont think hell give us permission. A．a(chǎn) tough nut B．our great rock C．the best fish D．a(chǎn)n early bird 解析：選A　句意：“布萊克先生會允許我們帶手機(jī)去學(xué)校嗎？”“他很難應(yīng)付，我認(rèn)為他不會允許的。”a tough nut“難對付的人，棘手的問題”；an early bird “早起的人，早到者”。 8．If Katie had known what was ________ for her, she would not have married Tom. A．in response B．in return C．in reaction D．in store 解析：選D　句意：如果凱蒂能預(yù)知未來，她就不會嫁給湯姆了。what be in store是習(xí)慣表達(dá)，意為“即將發(fā)生什么”。 9．Smith was overweight, so the doctor urged that not only ________ have less fat and meat, but also he________. A．should he; take exercise B．ought he; take exercise C．he should; takes exercise D．he ought; takes exercise 解析：選A　句意：史密斯太胖，因此醫(yī)生敦促他不僅要少食脂肪和肉， 而且要進(jìn)行鍛煉。 urge后跟賓語從句時，從句的謂語動詞用(should) do，且not only位于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝。 10．Since the matter was extremely ________， two policemen were sent to deal with it on the scene immediately. A．tough B．tense C．urgent D．instant 解析：選C　句意：由于事情非常緊急，兩名警察被派去現(xiàn)場立即進(jìn)行了處理。urgent“緊急的”，符合句意。tough“硬的”；tense“緊張的”；instant“立即的”。 11．(2019蘇州模擬) If you put a stone in the way of an ant, it will go around, over, under or on top, without stopping, until it finds a way to get ________ it needs to be. A．what B．how C．which D．where 解析：選D　句意：如果你用一塊石頭擋住螞蟻的去路，它就會圍著石頭轉(zhuǎn)圈，從石塊上翻過去，鉆到石塊底下或者爬到石塊頂上，無休無止，直到找到它要去的路。where引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中充當(dāng)be 的表語。 12．I came to know that knowledge ________ only from practice after I ________ school. A．has e; has left B．es; left C．would e; was leaving D．had e; had left 解析：選B　“知識來源于實(shí)踐”是客觀真理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時，“我畢業(yè)了”用一般過去時。 13．Being a Chinese, I feel proud of my country and the contributions ________ have been made to the world culture. A．that B．what C．it D．one 解析：選A　句意：作為一個中國人，我為我的國家和它對世界文化做出的貢獻(xiàn)感到自豪。這句話是定語從句，先行詞是the contributions，定語從句中缺少主語，用that或which引導(dǎo)定語從句，what 不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，it 和one是代詞，不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，選A項(xiàng)。 14．(2019常熟質(zhì)檢)________ to give up smoking, my father threw away his ________ cigarettes. A．Determined; remained B．Determined; remaining C．Determining; remained D．Decided; remaining 解析：選B　句意：決心戒煙，爸爸扔掉了他剩余的香煙。根據(jù)句意，第一空用determined，構(gòu)成be determined to do sth.意為“決心做某事”；第二空用remaining，表示“剩余的”。所以選擇B。 15．—I lost five pounds just after a month on this new diet. Its definitely worth a try. —Right, ________. I badly need to get in shape for my school reunion. A．it beats me B．I dont buy it C．just cant help it D．youve sold it to me 解析：選D　句意：“在節(jié)食一個月后，我瘦了五磅。這絕對值得一試?！薄昂冒?，我相信你。為了同學(xué)聚會我需要減肥?！眎t beats me“這難住我了”； I dont buy it“我不相信”； just cant help it“我忍不住了”； youve sold it to me“我相信你”。故選D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2019常州模擬)Last year, I heard about the Himalayas and the melting of the ice because of climate change.I decided to do a __1__ swim underneath Mt.Everest, the highest mountain on this earth. When we got up to the small lake underneath the summit of Mt.Everest, I prepared myself in __2__ ways, for this swim would be so difficult.I put on my iPod, listened to some music, got myself as __3__ as possible and then I __4__ myself into that water. I swam as __5__ as I could for the first hundred meters.Afterwards I __6__ the huge problem on my hands.My fingers were __7__ the size of sausages because — you know, were made partially of water — when water freezes it __8__.I then could barely breathe, began to __9__ and even threw up in the water.It all happened so quickly.I dont know why, but I went __10__.Luckily, the water was quite shallow, and I was able to push myself __11__ the bottom of the lake.Ive heard it said that drowning is the most __12__ death you can have.I have never, ever heard such nonsense. In our camp, I __13__ about what had gone wrong there on Mt.Everest with my crew.My team just gave it to me __14__. “Lewis, you need to have a plete __15__ if you want to __16__ it.Every single thing youve learned in the past 23 years of swimming, you must __17__.And also the every single thing you learned when you were __18__ in the British army, about speed and aggression.This is the time to swim with real __19__.” I cant tell how good and __20__ I felt when I swam to the other side two days later.But I learned a very, very important lesson there on Mt.Everest: just because something worked in the past so well, it doesnt mean its going to work in the future. 語篇解讀：本文作者通過在珠穆朗瑪峰下面的湖泊游泳的經(jīng)歷學(xué)到了一個重要的道理：要轉(zhuǎn)變心態(tài)，過去有用的東西并不意味著將來也有用。 1．A.passionate B．symbolic C．creative D．remarkable 解析：選B　句意：我決定在地球的最高峰珠穆朗瑪峰下面的湖泊來一次具有象征意義的游泳。symbolic意為“象征性的”，符合語境。 2．A.different B．simple C．mon D．usual 解析：選D　根據(jù)最后一段的“just because something worked in the past so well, it doesnt mean its going to work in the future”可知，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)珠穆朗瑪峰下面的那個小湖時，“我”和往常一樣為自己做準(zhǔn)備，因?yàn)檫@次游泳將會十分艱難。usual意為“通常的，平常的”，符合語境。 3．A.aggressive B．optimistic C．protective D．energetic 解析：選A　根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“about speed and aggression”可知，“我”盡可能地讓自己變得激奮(aggressive)。 4．A.put B．threw C．walked D．tried 解析：選B　然后“我”投身于湖水里。根據(jù)空后的“into that water”可知，四個選項(xiàng)只有B項(xiàng)符合。 5．A.carefully B．quickly C．slowly D．deeply 解析：選B　由上段作者作了充足準(zhǔn)備可知，此處指作者盡力游快一些。 6．A.realized B．touched C．solved D．caused 解析：選A　句意：然后，我意識到我面臨著一個巨大的問題。realize意為“認(rèn)識到，意識到”，符合語境。 7．A.hardly B．exactly C．mostly D．likely 解析：選B　句意：我的手指真的像香腸一樣腫。exactly意為“精確地，確切地；正好，恰恰”，符合語境。 8．A.freezes B．swells C．expands D．squeezes 解析：選C　根據(jù)常識并結(jié)合四個選項(xiàng)可知當(dāng)水結(jié)冰時會膨脹，故選C。 9．A.choke B．weep C．swallow D．drink 解析：選A　由空后的“threw up in the water”可知此處指開始嗆水(choke)。 10．A.underwater B．floating C．a(chǎn)head D．slower 解析：選A　句意：這一切發(fā)生得如此之快，我不知道為什么，但是我沉入了水底(underwater)。 11．A.towards B．a(chǎn)t C．off D．from 解析：選C　句意：幸運(yùn)的是，這片水域相當(dāng)淺，我能夠從湖底跳起來。off意為“移開，脫離”，符合語境。 12．A.regretful B．helpful C．merciful D．peaceful 解析：選D　句意：我聽說溺水是人死亡最安詳?shù)?peaceful)方式，但我自己從來沒有遇到過這樣的胡說八道。 13．A.debated B．plained C．worried D．talked 解析：選D　作者游泳失敗了，因此和隊(duì)友討論(talked)失敗原因。 14．A.fast B．straight C．direct D．forward 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文的“Lewis, you need to”可知，“我”的隊(duì)友直截了當(dāng)?shù)?straight)告訴“我”。 15．A.learning B．shift C．preparation D．understanding 解析：選B　句意：劉易斯，你需要有一個徹底的改變(shift)。 16．A.use B．take C．make D．keep 解析：選C　如果你想要成功的話。make it為固定短語，意為“成功”。 17．A.remember B．insist C．exploit D．forget 解析：選D　句意：你必須忘掉在過去23年里你所學(xué)到的每一項(xiàng)游泳技能。forget意為“忘記，遺忘”，符合語境。 18．A.swimming B．serving C．training D．fighting 解析：選B　由空后的“in the British army”可知，此處指在部隊(duì)服役。 19．A.respect B．intelligence C．imagination D．a(chǎn)mbition 解析：選A　句意：是時候心存敬意地去游泳了。respect意為“尊重，尊敬”，符合語境。 20．A.hopeful B．skillful C．painful D．thankful 解析：選D　句意：兩天后當(dāng)我游到湖的另一邊時，我說不清我感覺有多好、有多么感激。thankful意為“感激的，感謝的”，符合語境。 Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀 Optimism and pessimism represent your general attitude toward certain situations or to life in general. And your attitude about life may be more important to living than you think. A new study suggests that your level of optimism may affect your health. People who are optimistic may live longer than those who are pessimistic. Researchers at Harvard Universitys School of Public Health did the study. They pared women with “a general expectation that good things will happen” to women who were less optimistic. They found that the optimists had a much lower risk of getting several deadly diseases, including cancer, heart disease, stroke, respiratory (呼吸的) disease and certain types of infection. Eric Kim is one of the study leaders. He says optimism is connected with healthier behaviors and healthier ways of dealing with difficulty. Optimists tend to take better care of themselves by exercising, eating healthy foods and getting enough sleep. However, the researchers say that healthy behaviors of optimistic people only partly explain the connection with reduced risk of disease. For the study, researchers looked at information gathered on 70,000 women in the Nurses Health Study. It collects health information on those involved in the study every two years. They found the most optimistic women had nearly a 30 percent lower risk of dying from disease. When pared to the least optimistic women in the study, the optimistic women had an almost forty percent lower risk of dying from heart disease, stroke and respiratory disease, a fifty percent lower risk of dying from infection, and a sixteen percent lower risk of dying from cancer. Kaitlin Hagan, another study leader, says earlier studies show that a person can use simple, lowcost methods to increase optimism. For example, she says people can think about and write down the best possible outes for areas of their lives, like their careers or relationships. Leslie Ralph is a clinical psychologist and counselor at the University of Arizona in Tucson. She also blogs about stress management. Ralph has several ideas about how to increase optimism. She says each night plan to do two or three simple, enjoyable activities the next day. These activities might include watching the sun rise, visiting a friend, dancing to a favorite song or reading a story with your child. She also suggests that if your day starts badly, simply close your eyes for a moment and take a deep breath. When you open your eyes, imagine your day has started over. Its like having your own restart button. And the counselor adds offering praise or support to someone can also improve your own outlook. A smile and “thank you” from another person may help you feel more optimistic. Title To be (1)________ (2)________ of a new study People who are optimistic may live longer than those who are pessimistic. (3)________ of optimism for the body health ?Optimists are less (4)________ to get several deadly diseases, including cancer, heart disease, stroke, respiratory disease and certain types of infection. ?Optimists tend to better (5)________ for themselves by exercising, eating healthy foods and getting enough sleep. ?Researchers gathered information on 70,000 women in the Nurses Health Study every (6)________ year. They found the most optimistic women had nearly a 30 percent lower risk of dying from disease. (7)________ to keep optimistic ?People can think about and write down the best possible outes for areas of their lives, like their careers or relationships. ?Each night plan to do two or three simple, enjoyable activities the next day, (8)________ watching the sun rise, visiting a friend, dancing to a favorite song or reading a story with your child. ?If your day starts badly, simply close your eyes for a moment and (9)________ deeply. ?Offering praise or support to someone can also improve your own outlook. A smile and “thank you” from another person may (10)________ you more optimistic. 答案：1.optimistic　2.Result/Consequence 3．Effects/Influences　4.likely　5.care　6.other 7．Ways　8.including　9.breathe　10.make 檢測評價B卷 閱讀理解 A (2019徐州高三調(diào)研考試)Dive and glide between the Eurasian and American continents with visibility (能見度) that can reach more than 100 meters.This journey is a onceinalifetime opportunity that you will remember for a long time. The clear water at this UNESCO World Heritage Site in Thingvellir National Park will leave you speechless.The Silfra crack is one of the highest rated dive sites in the world.During this journey, you will experience truly amazing views of the colorful underwater landscape, marine life, and geological formations. This trip is for anyone who knows how to swim and is up for a unique adventure.We offer daily trips, including pickup and dropoff in Reykjavik.The total trip time is approximately five hours, including a dive in the water lasting around 30 minutes. Availability: All year Included： All needed dive equipment Hot beverages and snacks Silfra entrance fee of 1,000 ISK Requirements： Participants need to plete the Silfra medical statement prior to the tour.Divers must： Be at least 18 years old (Minors under 18 years old need a signature from their legal guardian)．Maximum age is 65； Be able to municate in English or have a translator； Be physically fit； Not be pregnant； Not be under the influence of alcohol. 1．What can we learn about this trip? A．It is unavailable to teenagers. B．It lasts for five and a half hours. C．It is a crosscontinental adventure. D．Its admission includes no dive equipment. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Dive and glide between the Eurasian and American continents”及第三段中的“This trip is for anyone who knows how to swim and is up for a unique adventure”可知，這個旅行是跨越大陸的冒險之旅。故選C。 2．Which of the following is required of the divers? A．Having no plan to bee pregnant. B．Filling in a medical form in advance. C．Having a good knowledge of English. D．Taking a brief physical examination there. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements部分中的“Participants need to plete the Silfra medical statement prior to the tour”可知，潛水者需要提前填寫關(guān)于健康狀況的表格。故選B。 B I have received many Christmas gifts over the years. The best gift I ever received was presented to me by a stranger. I never even knew his name and I only had contact with him for less than 60 seconds. His Christmas present to me changed the way I think about people and about Christmas. I hate Black Friday sales. Its often a gathering of people who are there for many different reasons. Some are looking for a deal on that one item for their loved one, or perhaps themselves. Their intentions are pletely unrelated to the festive time of year, and can merely be summed up with one word, “Cheap！” It was several years ago when my wife asked me to meet her at the local department store on Black Friday morning. They had advertised a childs bike that she wanted to purchase for our son. We stood with a very large crowd, waiting for the manager to blow the whistle. After a while the whistle blew. It was like throwing a bucket of chum into a tank of sharks. I told my wife that if we obtained a bike, fine, but if we did not, I was OK with that too. As the pallet of bikes began to gradually decrease in size, I saw my polite opportunity to wrap my hands around the corner of one of the boxes. I lifted it off the crate and suddenly felt some mild resistance. I looked up to see one of the largest gentlemen I had ever seen in my life. Fearsome was not the word to describe his presence. He was adorned with numerous straps of metal spiked leather around both arms and even his neck. Tattoos (文身) were an obvious passion of his. I started to relinquish (放手) the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and back into my hands. He then directed it into my shopping cart. He looked at me, smiled, and said, “Merry Christmas.” My wife and I went to the checkout, paid for the bike and went home. All the way home I was thinking that this moment was by far the best Christmas gift I had ever received. The kindness of a stranger broke all preconceived (事先形成的) notions I may have had of stereotypes and prejudices. I will never forget it. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了作者幾年前在“黑五”購物節(jié)那天和妻子一起購物，一個陌生人的善良打破了作者之前所有的成見和偏見。這是這些年作者收到過的最好的一份圣誕禮物。 3．What do you know about Black Friday according to the passage? A．It is a day after the Christmas. B．Most major retailers offer promotional sales. C．It is a gathering of people. D．It is unrelated to Christmas. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，大部分人是因?yàn)闁|西便宜才來購物的，因此可推出零售商們在進(jìn)行促銷，故選B項(xiàng)。 4．What did the author think of the man at first? A．Frightening.　　　　　 　B．Unmon. C．Polite. D．Funny. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三、四句可知，作者起初看到那個男人的時候覺得他很嚇人。故選A項(xiàng)。 5．All of the statements are TRUE except ________. A．his wife wanted to buy a bike for their son B．they couldnt choose the goods until the manager blew a whistle C．the author put the bike in their shopping cart D．the moment was the best Christmas gift the author had ever received 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句可知，是那個男的把自行車放進(jìn)作者的購物車的，而不是作者自己，故選項(xiàng)C項(xiàng)。 C Many fruits and vegetables would disappear from grocery store shelves if it werent for honeybees.Almonds (扁桃仁), for example, are a ＄2.5 billion industry in California, and almond growers depend on honeybees to pollinate (授粉) the crop.No honeybees would mean no almonds.Many berries (like blackberries and strawberries) need bees, as do vegetables like cucumbers and squash.And dont forget tree crops like apples, oranges and peaches.Watermelon and cantaloupes depend on bees, too.In fact, approximately 15 percent of the food Americans eat es directly from honeybee pollination.Another 15 percent es from animals that eat foods that bees pollinate.In other words, close to a third of the food that Americans eat currently requires honeybee pollination.Honeybee pollination is so important that bee farmers actually truck their bees from orchard (果園) to orchard and from farm to farm to help pollinate crops. A honeybee starts the honey making process by visiting a flower.With luck, the flower contains nectar (花蜜), and the bee sucks some of the nectar up with a little straw built into its mouth.Most flower nectars are like sugar water; there is a little sugar mixed with water.Nectars can contain other beneficial substances as well.To make honey, two things happen. The first thing uses enzymes (酶)．One enzyme that bees produce turns the sucrose (蔗糖) in the nectar into glucose (葡萄糖) and fructose (果糖)．Another enzyme turns some of the glucose into an acid and hydrogen peroxide (過氧化氫)．By making honey acidic, it kills any bacteria that get into the honey. The second thing uses evaporation (蒸發(fā)) to get rid of the extra water.Most of the moisture has to be evaporated, so that honey is only about 18 percent water.Bees evaporate the extra water by putting little drops of nectar in the hive and fanning it with their wings. Honey is a very stable food.It naturally resists molds (霉菌), fungi (真菌) and other bacteria, allowing it to last for years without refrigeration. 語篇解讀：蜜蜂在我們的生活中發(fā)揮著很重要的作用，如果沒有蜜蜂，也就沒有我們食用的很多蔬菜和水果。本文介紹了蜜蜂的重要性及蜜蜂如果授粉、如何制造蜂蜜等。 6．Bees are always trucked between different places in order to ________. A．lay eggs in all the orchards and farms B．mate with bees living different zones C．help bee farmers deal with harmful insects D．pollinate flowers or plants grown in different places 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，蜜蜂授粉的重要性使得蜂農(nóng)們帶著它們在不同的地方給農(nóng)作物授粉。 7．How does a honeybee suck the nectar from flowers? A．Through a little straw built into its mouth. B．With the help of the bee farmer. C．By drinking the water that contains nectar. D．By fanning it with the wings. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“the bee sucks some of the nectar up with a little straw built into its mouth”可知選A項(xiàng)。 8．Which one is the way mentioned in the passage to make honey? A．To evaporate most of the moisture in the nectar. B．To kill all the bacteria in