2019版高考英語一輪鞏固達標(biāo)練 Unit 1 Women of achievement（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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Women of achievement*閱讀理解。Winston Churchill is probably the most popular British prime minister ever. Having served as a soldier and politician, he is often considered among the greatest of Britons. While his heroic stand against the Nazis is well know, there are still a few facts about the popular politician that might surprise you.His CigarsThe classic image of Winston Churchill includes a giant cigar stuck between his lips. Churchill developed his love of cigars as a young man, when he traveled to Cuba. For the rest of his life, he smoked eight or nine cigars every day. However, he almost never took a puff(吸，抽), preferring to chew on the end until it went out, then relight it and start again. To prevent the cigar being soggy (濕軟的), Churchill invented the bellybando, a strip of brown paper which could be glued around the end.At any given time, Churchill had 3,000 to 4,000 cigars in his house, mostly his favorite Romeo & Juliet brand. On one occasion, the president of Cuba presented Churchill with 2,400 top-quality cigars, although his security team insisted one cigar from each box be sent off and tested for poison. Perhaps the story that best shows his love of cigars occurred during World War II, when he had a special oxygen mask designed so that he could still smoke his cigar on a high-altitude flight.His Black DogThroughout his life, Churchill probably suffered from depression, which he called his black dog. At times, his depression was so severe that he didnt like standing close to a passing train or looking at the ocean from a ship because he feared that he would mit suicide.When he was depressed, Churchill would almost spend a great deal of time in bed and lose his ability to concentrate. However, when not depressed, Churchill was full of energy, usually working and talking until the early hours of the morning. He often described how all the colors e back into the picture.1. Why did Churchills security team insist on checking the cigars?A. To test if they were safe for Churchill.B. To see if they were of the best quality.C. To make sure they were Churchills favorite.D. To guarantee they were not out of date.2. Which of the following best shows Churchills love of cigars?A. He fell in love with cigars at a young age.B. He smoked many cigars every day.C. He invented the bellybando.D. He had an oxygen mask specially designed for smoking.3. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. Churchill became energetic again.B. Churchill remained depressed.C. Churchill drew colorful pictures.D. Churchill liked to talk about colors.4. What is probably the best title of the passage?A. Achievements of ChurchillB. Anecdotes about ChurchillC. Personalities of ChurchillD. Hobbies of Churchill【文章大意】丘吉爾是英國最受歡迎的首相，文章介紹丘吉爾的一些奇聞軼事。1. A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子although his security team insisted one cigar from each box be sent off and tested for poison.可知，丘吉爾的安全部隊堅持要檢查雪茄，為了檢測是否它們對丘吉爾是安全的。故選A。 3.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子However, when not depressed, Churchill was full of energy, usually working and talking until the early hours of the morning.可知，丘吉爾精力充沛的時候，經(jīng)常工作和交談直到凌晨。下文是他對精力充沛的描寫。故選A。 4. B【解析】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容和第一段的句子While his heroic stand against the Nazis is well know, there are still a few facts about the popular politician that might surprise you.可知，文章主要介紹丘吉爾的奇聞軼事。故選B。*語法填空。Our group Springhill Baptist Church started a food pantry (食品儲藏室) to help out members of the munity. As part of the program, we buy the food that will _1_(distribute) and make boxes for distribution. We do this on _2_regular basisthe second Monday of every month.One day, as my friend and I _3_(load) our grocery carts with the necessary items in the store, a gentleman asked us, “_4_do you get so many items？” We explained we were doing our _5_(month) grocery shopping and gave him some details about our program._6_(say) that it was great, he went on with his business. After gathering everything on our list, we started unloading the food to check out at the counter, only _7_(inform) by the cashier that our bill had already been paid. The gentleman who asked about our_8_(intend) had left his credit card number to pay _9_our order and then walked off. He had no idea what the cost was before he left. We were _10_(extreme) shocked at the generosity of a stranger.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者和朋友去為食品儲藏室購買食物時遇到了一位紳士，他在得知作者他們的意圖后悄悄地為他們支付了賬單。作者在文中對這位紳士的慷慨表達了感激之情。1be distributed考查動詞的語態(tài)。作為計劃的一部分，我們購買食物并將其進行分配。distribute與food之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)?？涨笆乔閼B(tài)動詞will，故填be distributed。2a考查冠詞。我們定期這樣做每個月的第二個星期一。on a regular basis “定期地”。3were loading考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)下文中的“we were doing our .”可知，此處表示過去某個時間點正在進行的動作，應(yīng)用過去進行時；句子的主語是my friend and I，是復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填were loading。4Why考查疑問詞。根據(jù)下文的“We explained we were doing our .”可知，這位紳士是在問“你們?yōu)槭裁促I這么多物品”，故填疑問詞Why表示“為什么”。5monthly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的“our”及空后的“grocery shopping”可知，此處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語。上文的“every month”暗示這里填monthly “每月的”。6Saying考查非謂語動詞。逗號后面的句子與前面的部分之間沒有連詞，故空處所在部分應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，此處表示伴隨狀況，he和say之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。7to be informed考查非謂語動詞及其被動結(jié)構(gòu)。only后接不定式表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，inform與其邏輯主語之間是動賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用不定式的被動式。8intention考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的“about our”可知，此處要填名詞，intention “意圖，目的”。9for考查介詞。pay for sth.是固定搭配，“為而付錢，負擔(dān)的費用”。故填for。10extremely考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾were shocked，表示程度，故填extremely。*完形填空。閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項。When my kids were small，I started a tradition in our house of giving eight gifts over the course of the eight days of Hanukkah(光明節(jié))I liked the idea of _1_ a candle every night and giving my children a gift to unwrap to _2_.It was easy to go into a toy store and pick up something _3_ less than$10 each，or even$1 each(at the dollar store)My children didnt ask for anything much in particular and they _4_ whatever they got.As the years progressed，I _5_ the tradition of eight gifts for each night of Hanukkah.But this year，Hanukkah _6_ something else.My specialneeds son decided that he wanted to _7_ a puter，and it was up to me to buy all the parts of it.When I wouldnt _8_ that，he decided he wanted a P1ayStation.Then Amazon gift cards.Then money.And when it became clear that it wasnt going to happen，he got _9_.I keep _10_ him that Hanukkah isnt about greed or materialism.Its about the miracle of an oil lamp that _11_ for eight days.Its about being _12_ of our heritage.Its about freedom.But he _13_.I know deep down that his obsessions(迷戀的物)are out of his _14_ ，and definitely out of mine.Having a specialneeds child is as _15_ as it gets.Some days are better than others and not all holidays _16_ the way I hope.But despite his unrealistic requests，hes a(n) _17_ child who is showing me the true meaning of life.And as we enter a new year and light the _18_ approaching the time，I wele his differences _19_ I learn how to turn negative requests into _20_ ones.1A.buyingBdonatingClighting Ddrawing2A.celebrate BpresentCsend Dplay3A.at BforCin Dfrom4A.ate BthrewCliked Ddrank5A.held up Bgave inChanded in Dkept up6A.made BbecameCfound Ddesigned7A.build BbuyCuse Dwatch8A.rely on Blearn fromCagree to Ddream about9A.calm BhappyCselfish Dupset10A.telling BwarningCpromising Daccusing11A.lays BhangsCwaits Dburns12A.tired BproudCafraid Dlack13A.nodded BsleptCinsisted Dfailed14A.mind BsightCcontrol Dplace15A.wonderful BdangerousCinteresting Dchallenging16A.run out Bbreak downCwork out Dput down17A.strange BamazingCbad Denergetic18A.candles BlampsCtorches Dlanterns19A.when BasCunless Duntil20A.relative BpossibleCreasonable Dpositive【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者一家過光明節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)、變化及作者的應(yīng)對策略和反思?！竞诵脑~匯】greed n貪婪materialism n物質(zhì)主義miracle n奇跡1C根據(jù)下文的“And as we enter a new year and light the _18_approaching the time”可知，此處指點蠟燭。2A根據(jù)上文的“Hanukkah(光明節(jié))”可推知，節(jié)日是用來慶祝的。3B根據(jù)語境“l(fā)ess than$10 each，or even$1 each(at the dollar store)”可推知，此處表示東西的價格，故用介詞for。4C結(jié)合語境“My children didnt ask for anything much in particular”可推知，孩子們并不挑剔，很喜歡拿到的禮物。5D結(jié)合下文的轉(zhuǎn)折“But this year, Hanukkah _6_ something else”和“My specialneeds son”可推知，作者保持那個傳統(tǒng)很多年。6B根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折“But this year，Hanukkah _6_ something else”和“My specialneeds son”可推知，今年有些不同，有了新變化。7A根據(jù)語境“and it was up to me to buy all the parts of it”可推知，兒子要組建一臺電腦，要作者去買零配件。8C根據(jù)下文的“And when it became clear that it wasnt going to happen, he got _9_ ”可推知，作者沒同意兒子的要求，兒子就有了其他更多的要求。agree to“同意”。9D很明顯，作者沒同意兒子的要求，兒子感到難過。upset“難過”。10A很明顯，作者在不斷地給兒子講道理，說明節(jié)日的意義。11D根據(jù)下文的“And as we enter a new year and light the _18_ approaching the time”可推知，D項burn“燃燒，發(fā)亮”符合語境。12B固定搭配be proud of意為“以為傲，為而自豪”，符合語境。13C根據(jù)下文的“I know deep down that his obsessions(迷戀的物)are out of his _14_ ，and definitely out of mine”可推知，兒子不為所動，堅持自己的要求。14C根據(jù)“obsessions(迷戀的物)”可推知，兒子陷入迷戀的事物之中，已經(jīng)失控。out of control“失控”。15D很明顯，作者應(yīng)對有特殊需求的兒子有些棘手。challenging “挑戰(zhàn)性的”。16C根據(jù)“the way I hope”可知，有些事情并不像作者希望的那樣發(fā)展。work out“成功地發(fā)展”。17B根據(jù)語境“who is showing me the true meaning of life”可推知，此處的語氣表示肯定、贊賞，故選B。 amazing“了不起的”。18A根據(jù)上文的“I liked the idea of _1_ a candle every night”可知，節(jié)日期間作者一家點蠟燭慶祝。19B根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系，故選B。as“因為”。20D與語境中的“negative”形成對比可知，此處表示把負面要求變成積極要求。positive“積極的”。*短文改錯。It is known that some students cheat in exams. There are three reason for it. First of all, there are so many exams. Beside, the exams given are difficulty in some way. Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because of they are too lazy. The last reason is to please our parents and teachers. For some students, low marks brought them great pressure and make them depressing.In my opinion, cheating in exams are wrong. We should take positive attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark what is true as well as good.答案：It is known that some students cheat in exams. There are three for it. First of all, there are so many exams. ， the exams given are in some way. Secondly, some students have to cheat in exams because they are too lazy. The last reason is to please parents and teachers. For some students, low marks them great pressure and make them .In my opinion, cheating in exams wrong. We should take positive attitude to our studies, and try to get a mark is true as well as good.難項分析：第五處：ourtheir考查代詞。根據(jù)上文中的“they are too lazy”可知，此處應(yīng)該用their。第七處：depressingdepressed考查非謂語動詞。此處depressed是描述人的主觀心理的形容詞，作賓語補足語。第八處：areis考查主謂一致。動名詞短語(cheating in exams)作主語，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故用is。*