2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪達(dá)標(biāo) Unit 4 Global warming練題（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc

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Global warming 一、閱讀理解。 Priscilla Ouchidas “energyefficient” house turned out to be a horrible dream.When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago，they built a $100 000，threebedroom home in California.Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks，the house was equipped with small doublepaned windows and several other energysaving features.Problems began as soon as the couple moved in，however.Priscillas eyes burned.Her throat was constantly dry.She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep.It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness. Experts finally traced the cause of her illness.The level of formaldehyde(甲醛)gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers.The source of the gas? Her new kitchen cupboards and walltowall carpeting. The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nations drive to save energy.The problem itself isnt new.“The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along，” says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland.“Energy conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases.” The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones.Back in the days when energy was cheap，home builders didnt worry much about unsealed cracks.Because of such leaks，the air in an average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour.As a result，the pollutants generated in most households seldom build up to dangerous levels. 1．It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas house ________. A．is well worth the money spent on its construction B．is almost perfect from the point of energy conservation C．failed to meet energy conservation standards D．was designed and constructed in a scientific way 2．What made the Ouchidas new house a horrible dream? A．Lack of fresh air. B．Poor quality of building materials. C．Gas leakage in the kitchen. D．The newly painted walls. 3．Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern? A．Because indoor cleanness was not emphasized. B．Because they were technically unavoidable. C．Because environmental protection was more important. D．Because energy used to be inexpensive. 4．This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled “________”． A．Energy Conservation B．Houses Building Crisis C．Air Pollution Indoors D．Traps in Building Construction 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了Ouchida夫婦響應(yīng)國(guó)家號(hào)召建造了節(jié)能的房子，但是因?yàn)榉孔用懿煌革L(fēng)，使室內(nèi)缺少新鮮空氣，而且甲醛含量超標(biāo)，室內(nèi)空氣污染，導(dǎo)致他們的身體出現(xiàn)了狀況。 長(zhǎng)難句分析：The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution，which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nations drive to save energy.(第三段第一句) 分析：本句是復(fù)合句。The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution是主句；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 譯文：Ouchida夫婦是室內(nèi)空氣污染的受害者，這沒(méi)有得到足夠的重視，部分原因是國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)節(jié)約能源。 詞匯積累：equip v．配備　victim n．受害者 constantly adv.經(jīng)常　sufficient adj.足夠的 1．B　推理判斷題。Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks.the house was equipped with small doublepaned windows and several other energysaving features.(第一段第三句) 譯文：房子密封，防止漏氣，房子配備了小的雙層玻璃窗和具有其他幾個(gè)節(jié)能的特點(diǎn)。 解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推知，從節(jié)能的角度來(lái)看，他們的房子幾乎是完美的。故選B。 2．A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段內(nèi)容可推知，Ouchida夫婦的新房子缺少新鮮空氣，并且甲醛含量嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)，這也是房屋主人患病的主要原因。故選A。 3．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Back in the days when energy was cheap, home builders didnt worry much about unsealed cracks.(最后一段第二句) 譯文：在能源還是很便宜的時(shí)候，房屋的建造者對(duì)不密封的裂縫并不是很擔(dān)心。 解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，過(guò)去不關(guān)心房屋裂縫是因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)能源不貴。故選D。 4．C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要圍繞節(jié)能造成室內(nèi)污染的問(wèn)題展開(kāi)論述，因此Air Pollution Indoors適合做標(biāo)題。故選C。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Father is strongly opposed to ________ (go) shopping on Sunday because the streets and supermarkets are full of people. 答案：going　be opposed to ... “反對(duì)……”，其中to為介詞，其后應(yīng)接名詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 2．The prices of this kind of wine ranged ________ ten yuan ________ 100 yuan per bottle. 答案：from; to　range from ... to ... “在某范圍內(nèi)變化”。 3．Though he is less than one year old, he is strong enough to walk ________ (steady)． 答案：steadily　副詞作狀語(yǔ)，在句中修飾動(dòng)詞walk。 4．Do you know how the accident came ________ ? 答案：about　e about “發(fā)生”。 5．With Spring Festival approaching, prices of fruit and vegetables ________ (go) up. 答案：have gone　go up “上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起”。 6．Quantities of money ________ (spend) in bringing up the children since they were married. 答案：have been spent　“a quantity of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與名詞的數(shù)保持一致；而“quantities of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。且由since可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，再根據(jù)money與spend之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填have been spent。 7．How many times do you dine out per week ________ average? 答案：on　on average “平均起來(lái)；平均來(lái)說(shuō)”。句意：你平均每周在外用餐多少次？ 8．Under these ________ (circumstance), what matters most is not only our persistence but also our attitude. 答案：circumstances　under these circumstances “在這些情況下”。 9．The gap between the rich and the poor has a ________ (tend) to bee wider and wider. 答案：tendency　由設(shè)空前的a可知，應(yīng)填名詞形式，tendency “趨勢(shì)；傾向”。 10．The heavy snow can easily result ________ many accidents in winter. 答案：in　result in “導(dǎo)致”。 三、完形填空。 I remember that it was a few years ago that an old woman stepped into my video store，along with her daughter.The __1__ was displaying a serious state of impatience，__2__ her watch every few seconds.If the daughter had possessed a leash(繩子)，her mother would have been __3__ to it as a means of pulling her along to __4__ the rush of other shoppers. Walking over，I asked __5__ I could help her.The woman smiled at me and showed me a __6__ on a piece of paper.__7__ rushing off to find the DVD for the woman，I asked her to __8__ with me so I could show her where she could find it and I wanted to enjoy her __9__ for a moment.As we walked along the back of the store，I __10__ its floor plan(分布圖)：old television shows, action movies, cartoons，science fiction films etc.The woman seemed glad of the unrushed “trip” and __11__ conversation. I said to her daughter，“__12__ some advice？”“Of course not，” said the daughter.“Cherish __13__，” I said.“When shes gone，its the little __14__ that e back to you.Times like this.I know.” It was __15__.I still missed my mom and remembered the times when Id used my impatience to make her __16__. Together they made their way towards the stores resting area.They sat there for a moment，side by side，__17__ the holiday crowds.Then the daughter glanced over and immediately __18__ her mother lovingly.And slowly she placed her arm with __19__ unaccustomed affection around her mothers shoulders and __20__ guided her back into the crowd. 1．A.merchant B．waitress C．mother D．daughter 2．A.fixing B．removing C．checking D．a(chǎn)djusting 3．A.fastened B．devoted C．a(chǎn)ccustomed D．a(chǎn)pplied 4．A.break away from B．make way for C．get along with D．keep pace with 5．A.when B．whether C．why D．how 6．A.tip B．title C．ticket D．receipt 7．A.Apart from B．As to C．Rather than D．Regardless of 8．A.municate B．jog C．trade D．walk 9．A.stay B．holiday C．pany D．time 10．A.described B．blamed C．a(chǎn)ppreciated D．corrected 11．A.casual B．a(chǎn)ttractive C．severe D．convincing 12．A.Prepare B．Mind C．Lack D．Offer 13．A.her B．me C．herself D．yourself 14．A.feelings B．presents C．chances D．moments 15．A.reasonable B．possible C．true D．a(chǎn)ppropriate 16．A.desperate B．upset C．puzzled D．a(chǎn)stonished 17．A.approaching B．evaluating C．observing D．expecting 18．A.attended B．found C．recognized D．watched 19．A.apparently B．suddenly C．basically D．gradually 20．A.accidentally B．gently C．smoothly D．randomly 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇痹谝粝裆痰旯ぷ鲿r(shí)遇到一位老母親和女兒一起購(gòu)買(mǎi)DVD，這個(gè)女兒行色匆匆，恨不能用繩子拉著行動(dòng)遲緩的母親?！拔摇弊屵@位母親和“我”一起尋找她想要的DVD，并建議這個(gè)女兒要珍惜母親的陪伴。最后，她挽著母親，走進(jìn)人群中…… 【核心詞匯】along with...和……一道 a state of...一種……狀態(tài) impatience n．不耐煩，無(wú)耐心　rush off趕緊去 conversation n．會(huì)話，交談　cherish珍愛(ài)，愛(ài)護(hù) side by side肩并肩地 unaccustomed adj.不習(xí)慣的，奇怪的，不尋常的 affection n．影響，喜愛(ài)，慈愛(ài)，感情 1．D　根據(jù)上文中的“an old woman stepped into my video store, along with her daughter”可知，一位老母親和她的女兒一起來(lái)到“我”的音像商店；結(jié)合下文中的“If the daughter had possessed...other shoppers”可知，女兒顯得很不耐煩，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“商人”；B項(xiàng)意為“女侍者，女服務(wù)員”。 2．C　根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及空處所在句中的“displaying a serious state of impatience”可知，這個(gè)女兒顯得很不耐煩；據(jù)此可以判斷，她不停地查看(checking)手表，故選C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)意為“固定，修理”；B項(xiàng)意為“移開(kāi)，去除”；D項(xiàng)意為“調(diào)整，校正”。 3．A　根據(jù)空處所在句中的“If the daughter had possessed a leash(繩子)，her mother would have been __3__ to it as a means of pulling her along”可知，如果這個(gè)女兒有一根繩子的話，她的母親將被系在繩子的一頭。A項(xiàng)意為“把……系在”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“致力，奉獻(xiàn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“使習(xí)慣”；D項(xiàng)意為“申請(qǐng)，運(yùn)用”。 4．D　根據(jù)上文及空后的“the rush of other shoppers”可以判斷，如果有繩子，這個(gè)女兒將用繩子拉住她的母親，以趕上(keep pace with)匆匆的購(gòu)物人群，故選D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)意為“突然掙脫，逃脫”；B項(xiàng)意為“給……讓路”；C項(xiàng)意為“與……融洽相處”。 5．B　根據(jù)該空所在句中的“I asked __5__ I could help her”可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞asked的賓語(yǔ)，由“I could help her”和asked可以判斷，“我”問(wèn)她是否需要幫忙。因此用whether引導(dǎo)該賓語(yǔ)從句，故B項(xiàng)正確。 6．B　根據(jù)下文中的“find the DVD”，結(jié)合該空所在句“The woman smiled at me and showed me a __6__ on a piece of paper”可知，這位母親微笑著遞給“我”一張寫(xiě)有名稱(chēng)的紙。B項(xiàng)意為“名稱(chēng)，標(biāo)題”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“建議”，C項(xiàng)意為“票”，D項(xiàng)意為“收據(jù)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 7．C　根據(jù)該空所在句中的“I asked her to __8__ with me so I could show her where she could find it”可知，“我”讓她和“我”一起走(walk)以便“我”能讓她知道她在哪里可以找到她需要的DVD；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”沒(méi)有急忙為她尋找。C項(xiàng)意為“而不是”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“除……之外”；B項(xiàng)意為“至于”；D項(xiàng)意為“不管，不顧”。 8．D　參見(jiàn)上題解析。下文中的“walked”亦是提示。A項(xiàng)意為“交流”，B項(xiàng)意為“慢跑”，C項(xiàng)意為“交易”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 9．C　根據(jù)空后的“As we walked along the back of the store”可知，“我”和她一起走著尋找她需要的DVD；結(jié)合該空所在句中的“I wanted to enjoy her __9__ for a moment”可以判斷，“我”想要她陪伴(pany)“我”一會(huì)兒。A項(xiàng)意為“停留，逗留”；B項(xiàng)意為“假期”。 10．A　根據(jù)該空所在句中的“its floor plan(分布圖)：old television shows，action movies，cartoons，science fiction films etc.”可知，“我”向她描述(described)著商店的商品分區(qū)情況：老的電視節(jié)目、動(dòng)作片、卡通片以及科幻片等。故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“責(zé)備”；C項(xiàng)意為“欣賞”；D項(xiàng)意為“糾正”。 11．A　根據(jù)空前的“The woman seemed glad of the unrushed‘trip’”可知，這位母親對(duì)這次并不匆忙的購(gòu)物過(guò)程感到很滿(mǎn)意；空處與“the unrushed‘trip’”，相呼應(yīng)，據(jù)此可以判斷，該處表示“輕松隨意的交談”。A項(xiàng)意為“輕松的，隨意的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“吸引人的”；C項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)肅的”；D項(xiàng)意為“使人信服的”。 12．B　根據(jù)這個(gè)女兒的回答“Of course not”可知，她不介意“我”提出建議；據(jù)此可以判斷，此處表示“介意我提點(diǎn)建議嗎？”B項(xiàng)意為“介意”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備”，C項(xiàng)意為“缺乏”，D項(xiàng)意為“提供”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 13．A　根據(jù)下文中的“When shes gone，its...to you”可知，如果她的母親去世了，這是她可以回想起來(lái)的時(shí)刻；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”建議她珍惜她的母親；空處作賓語(yǔ)，因此用賓格her，故A項(xiàng)正確。 14．D　參見(jiàn)上題解析。D項(xiàng)意為“時(shí)刻”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“感情”，B項(xiàng)意為“禮物”，C項(xiàng)意為“機(jī)會(huì)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 15．C　根據(jù)空后的“I still missed my mom and remembered the times when Id used my impatience to make her __16__ ”可知，“我”仍然懷念“我”的母親，記得“我”用不耐煩讓“我”的母親難過(guò)的日子；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”對(duì)她說(shuō)的這種情況是真實(shí)的(true)。故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“合理的”；B項(xiàng)意為“可能的”；D項(xiàng)意為“適當(dāng)?shù)模‘?dāng)?shù)?，相稱(chēng)的”。 16．B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。B項(xiàng)意為“難過(guò)的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)望的，不顧一切的”，C項(xiàng)意為“困惑的，無(wú)法理解的”，D項(xiàng)意為“驚訝的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 17．C　根據(jù)該空所在句“They sat there for a moment，side by side，__17__ the holiday crowds”可知，這對(duì)母女肩并肩坐著，注視著假日里的人群；C項(xiàng)意為“觀察，注視”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“靠近”，B項(xiàng)意為“評(píng)估”，D項(xiàng)意為“期望”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 18．D　根據(jù)該空所在句“Then the daughter glanced over and immediately __18__ her mother lovingly”可知，女兒充滿(mǎn)愛(ài)意地看著她的母親，D項(xiàng)意為“看著”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“參加”，B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，C項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)識(shí)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 19．A　根據(jù)該空所在句中的“And slowly she placed her arm with __19__ unaccustomed affection around her mothers shoulders”可知，她慢慢地將她的手臂放在母親的肩膀上，似乎不習(xí)慣這種充滿(mǎn)愛(ài)意的表達(dá)。A項(xiàng)意為“似乎”，符合語(yǔ)境，故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“突然地”，C項(xiàng)意為“基本地，主要地”，D項(xiàng)意為“逐漸地”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 20．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及該空所在句中的“guided her back into the crowd”可知，她慢慢地將她的手臂放在母親的肩膀上，然后溫柔地(gently)領(lǐng)著她的母親走進(jìn)人群。故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“偶然地，附帶地，意外地”；C項(xiàng)意為“平滑地，平穩(wěn)地，流暢地，順利地”；D項(xiàng)意為“任意地，胡亂地，隨便地”。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．The doctor treated average of 20 patients per day. ______________________________________________________ 答案：average前加an　an average of ... “平均有……”。 2．It always take me two hours to finish my homework. ______________________________________________________ 答案：take→takes　It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. “某人花費(fèi)……時(shí)間做某事”，本句描述一般事實(shí)。 3．A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, resulted in an increase in production. ______________________________________________________ 答案：resulted→resulting　句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞were introduced且兩句間無(wú)連詞，故此處應(yīng)用result的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 4．In the city center, we have to put up noise. ______________________________________________________ 答案：up后加with　put up with “忍受”。 5．As a result the pilots strike, all the flights had to be cancelled. ______________________________________________________ 答案：result后加of　as a result of ... “由于……”，后接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)。 五、短文改錯(cuò) My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be，however he never fails to show her care and consideration.Once I broke a neighbor window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.I could only tell him a truth.Instead of scold，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health and he also teaches me what to be a good citizen.How luckily I am to have such a good father! 【答案】　 My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be， he never fails to show care and consideration.Once I broke a window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what happened.I could only tell him truth.Instead of ，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health he also teaches me to be a good citizen.How I am to have such a good father! 第一處：刪除however。考查連詞。在as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，表語(yǔ)放句首時(shí)，從句倒裝，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，however多余。 第二處：her→his?？疾榇~。與上文人稱(chēng)代詞he保持一致，可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞his。 第三處：neighbor→neighbors。考查名詞所有格形式。此處用名詞所有格形式作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞window。 第四處：has→had?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。與asked呼應(yīng)可知，此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去。 第五處：a→the?？疾楣谠~。tell the truth為固定詞組搭配，符合語(yǔ)境，故用定冠詞the。 第六處：scold→scolding?？疾閯?dòng)名詞。介詞后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故用動(dòng)名詞scolding作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。 第七處：our前加to?？疾榻樵~。apologize to sb.意為“向某人道歉”，為固定詞組搭配，故用介詞to。 第八處：and→but?？疾檫B詞，not only...but also...意為“不但……而且……”，為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，故用連詞but。 第九處：what→how。考查疑問(wèn)詞。與teaches呼應(yīng)可知，此處表示方式，故用how。 第十處：luckily→lucky?？疾樾稳菰~。與I am呼應(yīng)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞lucky作表語(yǔ)。