2019版高考英語一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練 Unit 1 A land of diversity（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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A land of diversity ***閱讀理解。 Fidel Castro was born at his father’s farm on August 13, 1926. His father, Angel Castro, was a migrant to Cuba from Galicia, Northwest Spain. He had bee financially successful by growing sugarcane at Las Manacas farm in Biran, Oriente Province. Aged six, Castro was sent to live with his teacher in Santiago be Cuba, before being baptized(洗禮)into the Roman Catholic Church at the age of eight. Being baptized enabled Castro to attend the la Salle boarding school in Santiago, where he regularly misbehaved, so he was sent to the privately funded Dolores School in Santiago. In 1945 he transferred to a more famous school, De Belen in Havana. Although Castro took an interest in history, geography and debating at Belen, he did not excel academically, instead devoting much of his time to playing sport. In 1945, Castro began studying law at the University of Havana, where he became involved in student activism, and the violent gangsterism culture within the university. Passionate about anti-imperialism and opposing U.S. interference in the Caribbean, he unsuccessfully campaigned for the presidency of the Federation of University Students on a platform of “honesty, decency and justice”. Castro became critical of the corruption and violence of President Ramon Grau’s government, delivering a public speech on the subject in November 1946 that received coverage on the front page of several newspapers. In 1947, Castro joined the Party of the Cuban People, founded by Eduardo Chibas. Chibas advocated social justice, honest government, and political freedom, while his party exposed corruption and demanded reform. Though Chibas lost the election, Castro remained devoted to working on his behalf. Social situation being worse, Castor soon received a death threat urging him to leave the university; refusing, he began carrying a gun and surrounding himself with armed friends. 1.From paragraph 2, we know that Fidel Castro _______. A. had no interest in history B. performed very well at school C. spend much time playing sport D. attended the La Salle boarding school before 8 2.What is the right order of the following events related to Fidel Castro? a. delivered a public speech b. entered the University of Havana c. joined the Party of the Cuban People d. transferred to famous school, De Belen A. dbac B. abcd C. dabc D. acdb 3.Fidel Castro carried a gun at university_________ A.to catch people’s attention B.to hang out with friend for fun C.to get involved in the political activities D.to defend himself against the death threat 4.What does the passage mainly talk about? A. the Party of the Cuban People B. Fidel Castro’s misbehavior at school C. Cuba’s political situations in the 1940s D. Fidel Castro’s early life and political activities 【文章大意】本文介紹了古巴革命領(lǐng)袖Fidel Castro的早期生活和政治活動(dòng)。 2.A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句話“In 1945 he transferred to a more famous school, De Belen in Havana. ”可知d的時(shí)間為1945年；根據(jù)第三段第一句話中的“In 1945, Castro began studying law at the University of Havana”可知b的時(shí)間為1945年，且在d之后發(fā)生；根據(jù)第三段最后一句話中的“…, delivering a public speech on the subject in November 1946”可知a發(fā)生于1946年；根據(jù)最后一段第一句話中的 “In 1947, Castro joined the Party of the Cuban People”可知c發(fā)生于1947年。正確順序?yàn)閐bac，故選A。 4.D 【解析】主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知本文介紹了古巴革命領(lǐng)袖Fidel Castro的早期生活和政治活動(dòng)，故選D。 ***語法填空。 Creativity is a mysterious idea. We seem __1__ (feel) that some people are naturally creative, but we dont know how they got that way. Is creativity a natural gift, or is __2__ something that can __3__ (acquire)? Perhaps if we analyze the creative process __4__ (careful), we might get some insight (洞察力) into what it is and __5__ it might work in our lives. The creative process has always been accepted as the source of all important work in the arts, but we should not think the creativity plays a part only in the arts. Every major scientific discovery began with someone __6__ (imagine) the world differently from the way others saw it. And this is __7__ creativity is all about. And despite what you may believe about the limits of your own creative imagination, we all have the potential to imagine the world in __8__ absolutely new way. In fact, you are born __9__ it. And whats more, you use it every day. Its your creative mind __10__ gets meaning from chaos of experiences and brings order to your world. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　 5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　 9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇議論文。創(chuàng)造力是天生的才華，還是后天也可以獲得？本文就這一話題展開了討論。 1．to feel 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。我們感覺似乎某些人天生具有創(chuàng)造力。seem to do sth.“似乎要做某事”。 2．it 考查代詞。創(chuàng)造力是天生的才華，還是后天也可以習(xí)得的？這里用it指代creativity。 3．be acquired 考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。先行詞something和acquire之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又因?yàn)榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞can后要用動(dòng)詞原形，故此空填be acquired。 4．carefully 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。也許如果我們仔細(xì)分析創(chuàng)造的過程，我們就會(huì)洞察到什么是創(chuàng)造力，它是如何在我們的生活中起作用的。這里用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞analyze。 5．how 考查特殊疑問詞。此處表述創(chuàng)造力是如何在我們生活中起作用的。由語義可知填how。 6．imagining 考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。每次重大的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)都以某個(gè)人以不同于其他人的方式看待這個(gè)世界開始。此處為“with＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語和賓補(bǔ)之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故此空填imagining。 7．what 考查名詞性從句的連接詞。創(chuàng)造力就是用一種新的方式想象世界?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)表語從句并在從句中作介詞about的賓語，故填連接代詞what。 8．a(chǎn)n 考查冠詞。我們都有這種潛能，用一種全新的方式想象這個(gè)世界。absolutely的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞an，表泛指。 9．with 考查介詞。事實(shí)上，你天生具有創(chuàng)造力。be born with “生而具有”。 10．that 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。正是創(chuàng)造性思維使得你從混亂的經(jīng)歷中找到意義，給你的世界帶來秩序。由強(qiáng)調(diào)句基本結(jié)構(gòu)“It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人)＋其他部分”可確定答案。 ***完形填空。 I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May.I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves.It was such a __2__ and heavenly time. My calm was broken，__3__，as I rounded a curve(拐彎處)．A huge UHaul truck was ing my way several feet over the center line.I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to __4__ it.It was followed by not one but two other UHaul trucks just as __5__.I wondered if all the stuff inside of them __6__ the same person.I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to __7__.It was then that I __8__ a selfstorage business along the side of the highway，building new units for all the people who couldnt fit their __9__ into their houses.I saw a(n)__10__ couple carrying boxes into one of the units.It seemed __11__ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff. I lost my own __12__ for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned.The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing.Yet，our whole family had awakened __13__ to escape.In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet，but none of it seemed as __14__ any more.What was important was seeing Moms smile，giving Nana a hug and a kiss，and watching Dad snooze(打盹) in his chair __15__ a hard days work.What was important was the stuff of __16__，not the stuff of this world.Since then I have tried to limit the things I would __17__.I didnt want too much stuff to __18__ my life.I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning，growing，and __19__ my family and others. I assumed that only by doing so could I make my __20__. 1．A.appreciating　　　B．reflecting C．a(chǎn)dmiring D．releasing 2．A.refreshing B．delightful C．peaceful D．dynamic 3．A.though B．too C．a(chǎn)nyway D．instead 4．A.miss B．reject C．ignore D．desert 5．A.useful B．large C．new D．good 6．A.turned to B．referred to C．reacted to D．belonged to 7．A.beat B．pulse C．a(chǎn)ccelerate D．follow 8．A.noticed B．thought C．did D．established 9．A.furniture B．boxes C．possessions D．materials 10．A.old B．young C．middleaged D．small 11．A.curious B．a(chǎn)pparent C．certain D．obvious 12．A.hope B．talent C．faith D．taste 13．A.in return B．in turn C．in time D．in vain 14．A.affordable B．significant C．beneficial D．practical 15．A.before B．in C．a(chǎn)fter D．during 16．A.mind B．hand C．head D．soul 17．A.purchase B．donate C．waste D．need 18．A.put up B．crowd up C．bring up D．set up 19．A.helping B．a(chǎn)busing C．loving D．a(chǎn)ffecting 20．A.name B．day C．world D．way 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述駕車途中的所見所感，并聯(lián)想到自己家中曾經(jīng)的火災(zāi)事件對(duì)他自身觀念的影響，由此闡述了自己的感受：世上最重要的東西不是物質(zhì)占有量，而在于精神世界的豐富，只有這樣人才能感到快樂。 1．B　根據(jù)“the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves”可知，此處意為“樹葉反射出金色的陽光”。reflect“反射”符合語境。appreciate“感激，欣賞”；admire“欽佩，贊賞”；release“釋放，發(fā)行”。 2．C　根據(jù)空前一句中的“smiled”和空后的“heavenly”及下文中的“calm”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)的心情是平靜愉快的，故peaceful符合語境。refreshing“使人精力充沛的”；delightful“討人喜歡的，令人愉快的”；peaceful“平靜的，寧靜的”；dynamic“動(dòng)力的，有活力的”。 3．A　根據(jù)空前的“My calm was broken”可知，空處所在句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故though“可是，不過”符合語境。too“太，也”；anyway“不管怎樣，無論如何”；instead“相反”。 4．A　根據(jù)空前一句中的“truck was ing my way several feet over the center line”可知，作者盡量把車子往路邊開來躲開卡車。miss“避開，躲開(不好或討厭的事)”；reject“排斥，丟掉”；ignore“忽視，不理睬”；desert“遺棄，丟棄”。 5．B　根據(jù)上文可知，一輛卡車越過了中心線幾英尺向作者的方向駛來，結(jié)合語境可知，這輛大卡車后還跟著另外兩輛同樣大的(large)卡車，故選B。 6．D　根據(jù)語境可知，作者不知道三輛卡車上的東西是否屬于(belonged to)同一個(gè)人。belong to“屬于”；turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于”；refer to“參考，提到”；react to“對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)”。 7．D　根據(jù)語境可知，作者放慢車速來平靜心情調(diào)整心率。故follow“跟隨，追趕”符合語境。beat“打敗，拍打”；pulse“跳動(dòng)，搏動(dòng)”；accelerate“加速，增加”。 8．A　該句中的It was then that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，意思是“就在那時(shí)”。作者在平靜心情時(shí)注意到路旁的一個(gè)自助存儲(chǔ)公司。notice“注意到”；establish“建立，創(chuàng)辦”。 9．C　根據(jù)語境可知，這些設(shè)備是為那些無法把所有物(possessions)存儲(chǔ)到自己的房子里的人而建的。possession“所有物，財(cái)產(chǎn)”符合語境。furniture“家具，設(shè)備”；material“材料”。 10．B　根據(jù)空后一句中的“a couple just out of their teens”可知，此處young“年輕的”符合語境。middleaged“中年的”。 11．A　根據(jù)該句中的“could already have too much stuff(可能已經(jīng)擁有太多的東西)”可知，作者對(duì)此感到奇怪，故curious“稀奇古怪的”符合語境。apparent“顯然的，表面上的”；certain“必然的，有把握的”；obvious“明顯的，顯然的”。 12．D　根據(jù)語境可知，夜半時(shí)分一場大火燒毀了作者家中的一切，因此作者不再有擁有(很多)東西的興趣(taste)。taste“愛好，興趣”符合語境。hope“希望”； talent“才能，天資”；faith“信仰，信念”。 13．C　根據(jù)空前的“had awakened”和空后的“escape”可知，作者全家及時(shí)(in time)醒來逃了出去。in return“作為回報(bào)”；in turn“反過來，輪流”；in vain“徒勞”。 14．B　根據(jù)空后的“What was important was”和空前的“none of it”可知，空處所填詞與important意思相同，故significant“重要的，有意義的”符合語境。affordable“買得起的”；beneficial“有益的”；practical“實(shí)用的”。 15．C　根據(jù)生活常識(shí)可知，父親打盹應(yīng)該是在一天的艱辛工作之后(after)。 16．D　根據(jù)空前的“What was important was the stuff of”及空后的“not the stuff of this world”可知，空處所填詞與“this world”形成對(duì)比，再結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為精神世界的豐富更為重要。soul“(人類整體的)精神狀況”符合語境。mind“頭腦，智力”。 17．A　根據(jù)上文中的“not the stuff of this world”可知，作者從此努力限制自己購買(purchase)東西的數(shù)量。下文中的“buy”亦是提示，故選A。donate“捐贈(zèng)”；waste“浪費(fèi)”；need“需要”。 18．B　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示作者不想讓太多的物品充斥自己的生活。故crowd up符合語境。put up“張貼，搭建”；bring up“撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育，提出”；set up“建立”。 19．C　根據(jù)空后的“my family and others”可以推斷此處意為“愛我的家人和他人”，故選C。abuse“濫用”；affect“影響”。 20．B　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示只有這樣做作者才能開心。make sb.s day為固定用法，意為“使某人非常高興”。 ***短文改錯(cuò)。 Dear Jack， Im sorry to hear that you failed in the last final math exam, but which worries me most is that you are in low spirit when facing failure. As senior three students, we all had taken examinations of different types and experienced failure as well as success. It is no doubt that we should take positive attitudes towards our setbacks. We should spare no effort to analyzing the cause of failure, which can help us escape repeating the similar mistakes. Only when we figure out why we fail can we make a progress in our study. As for your anxiety, I think doing some sports can do good for you. It can give you some time to be refreshing in not only the body but also the mind so that we can go on with your learning energetically and efficiently. I hope all of the above can help you a lot. Lets work hardly together and turn our dream into reality. Yours， Li Hua 答案： Dear Jack， Im sorry to hear that you failed in the last final math exam, but worries me most is that you are in low when facing failure. As senior three students, we all taken examinations of different types and experienced failure as well as success. is no doubt that we should take positive attitudes towards our setbacks. We should spare no effort to the cause of failure, which can help us escape repeating the similar mistakes. Only when we figure out why we fail can we make progress in our study. As for your anxiety, I think doing some sports can do good you. It can give you some time to be in not only the body but also the mind so that can go on with your learning energetically and efficiently. I hope all of the above can help you a lot. Lets work together and turn our dream into reality. Yours， Li Hua 難項(xiàng)分析： 第一處：which→what　考查主語從句的連接詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，but連接兩個(gè)并列句，其后不是定語從句，故不能用which引導(dǎo)；連接詞引導(dǎo)主語從句，表示“所……的事”，故用what。 第二處：spirit→spirits　考查名詞的數(shù)。in low spirits為固定詞組，意為“情緒低落”。 第四處：It→There　考查固定句式。There is no doubt that ... “毫無疑問，……”，是固定句型。 ***