2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練題 Unit 2 The United Kingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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The United Kingdom 一、閱讀理解。 He had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the Metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kansas City，Mo.But perhaps the most important piece of writing that A．G.Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesday—when he was named deputy publisher—was not an article and was not published in The Times, but was all about The Times. That work came to be known as the “innovation(創(chuàng)新) report”，which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes. In a conversation in his office on Wednesday, Mr. Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report and the thinking that led to his conclusions as “a wakeup call to the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment”． “It was always easy to see how changes will endanger the traditions of the place，” he said，“but what became really clear to me was not changing was the more dangerous course if we cared about the traditions of the place.” Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role, Mr.Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing.Still，his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence.Besides，in the newsroom or out on an assignment，Mr.Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times’ owners.“I recognized the name，”said Vincent Bova，a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr. Sulzberger wrote in 2010.“I mean, I knew I was dealing with royalty.There was no reason for me to bring that up with him, and he didn’t.”So Mr.Sulzberger，in some way，has qualified himself for the position since long time ago. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本篇文章屬于人物介紹類，介紹了著名出版人A.G.Sulzberger對(duì)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的重要貢獻(xiàn)，還介紹了他提出的“創(chuàng)新報(bào)道”理論以及他人對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)。 1．A.G.Sulzberger wrote the “innovation report” mainly to ． A．urge revolutions in The Times B．gain the position of deputy publisher C．promote changes in New York City D．show directions to his family future A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，“創(chuàng)新報(bào)道”關(guān)注報(bào)紙數(shù)字化未來的重要性，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》如果不改革，則將面臨危機(jī)。據(jù)此可以判斷，A.G.Sulzberger提及“創(chuàng)新報(bào)道”的目的是敦促《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》進(jìn)行變革，故A項(xiàng)正確。 2．What is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr.Sulzberger? A．Scientific developments. B．Rapid social changes. C．Their own stubbornness. D．Decreasing readers. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”和文章中提到的“innovation(創(chuàng)新) report”可知，A.G.Sulzberger認(rèn)為《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》如果不做出變革，則將面臨危機(jī)；據(jù)此可以判斷，A.G.Sulzberger認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)媒體面臨的最大的問題是它們固執(zhí)己見，不思變革，故C項(xiàng)正確。 3．How does the author show us what Mr.Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph? A．By paring him with others. B．By interviewing him in person. C．By giving examples of his routines. D．By quoting ments from others. D　解析：寫作方法題。通讀最后一段可知，該段第二句介紹了同事對(duì)A.G.Sulzberger的評(píng)價(jià)，第四句和第五句介紹了視頻編輯Vincent Bova對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)；據(jù)此可以判斷，最后一段是通過別人的評(píng)價(jià)來描述A.G.Sulzberger的，故D項(xiàng)正確。 4．What does the author think of Mr.Sulzberger according to the passage? A．Casual.　　　　　　 B．Objective. C．Admirable. D．Critical. C　解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通讀全文可知，A.G.Sulzberger提出“創(chuàng)新報(bào)道”理論并前瞻性地認(rèn)識(shí)到數(shù)字化時(shí)代對(duì)傳統(tǒng)媒體的影響，意識(shí)到傳統(tǒng)媒體變革的重要意義；據(jù)此可以判斷，作者對(duì)A.G.Sulzberger的態(tài)度是欽佩的，故C項(xiàng)正確。 二、單句語法填空 1．________(attract) by the movie starring Jet Li, I decided to see it again. 答案：Attracted　attract與其邏輯主語I之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞attracted作狀語。 2．Ill appreciate it if you can reply to my letter ________your earliest convenience. 答案：at　at your earliest convenience 為固定短語，意為“盡快”。 3．We were ________(delight) that we were successful in our experiment. 答案：delighted　delighted “高興的；快樂的”，常用于修飾人，表示人的心理活動(dòng)。 4．It is necessary that the problem ________(discuss) at once. 答案：(should) be discussed　It is necessary that sth./sb. (should) do sth. 為固定句型，本句中，the problem和discuss之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 5．I am looking forward to being told about your ________(arrange) of vacation. 答案：arrangements　arrangement “安排”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 6．Even if ________(invite) to, I wont go to such a bad lecture. 答案：invited　所填詞為狀語從句的省略形式，補(bǔ)充完整為：Even if (I am) invited to ... 。 7．Mr Green is in charge of a large pany ________(consist) of more than 2,000 workers. 答案：consisting　consist of “由……組成”，無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語，修飾pany。 8．When would it be ________(convenience) for you to start work? 答案：convenient　It is convenient for sb. to do sth. “對(duì)某人來說做某事是方便的”。 9．Success consists ________the ability to continue efforts through failures. 答案：in　句意：成功在于歷經(jīng)失敗卻持續(xù)努力的能力。consist in “在于”。 10．This job doesnt pay well, but itll ________(rough) cover your daily expenses. 答案：roughly　roughly “粗略地”，在此處修飾動(dòng)詞cover，應(yīng)用副詞。 三、完形填空。 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 I have written a poem called Flying Kites，in which a man __1__ his son to fly a kite.After a few minutes，the child __2__ drops the string and lets the kite soar(高飛)．With joy in his eyes，he watches it climb until it disappears __3__.The father realizes that __4__ hell have to loosen the tie that binds(綁)him to his son.And he __5__ ，“Will I release the string as unselfishly as that？” Many years later my son，Gary，__6__ he wouldnt finish his college career.I tried to talk him out of it.But none of my reasoning made any __7__.At the end of the semester Gary moved back home. Gary managed to find a__8__ at a nursery and went at it with usual enthusiasm.I，__9__ ，was deeply disappointed.What was a college professors __10__ doing at a job that any high school dropout could perform？Then I tried to __11__ him.“Look，”I said，“in a few years youll be at your high school reunion with__12__ classmates who became doctors，lawyers，and engineers.Do you think youll be able to__13__ that？” “Yes，Dad，”he replied without __14__.Then he fixed his eyes on mine and said，“But the real question is：Can you？” Shame suddenly __15__ me.I wasnt thinking about my son；I was thinking about myself and what my friends would think.The problem wasnt Garys pride；it was mine.All at once I remembered my __16__ and the question it asks“Will I release the __17__ as unselfishly as that？”At that moment I knew I had to let go.Gary was __18__ enough to make his own choices. Today Gary has a successful career working for the city.I am very __19__ of who he has bee.__20__ I let go of my pride，Ive been able to sit back and enjoy watching him soar. 1．A.orders B．instructs C．a(chǎn)dvises D．a(chǎn)llows 2．A.suddenly B．a(chǎn)ctually C．properly D．sadly 3．A.in a row B．in a way C．in no time D．in the distance 4．A.abruptly B．eventually C．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．a(chǎn)pparently 5．A.responds B．guesses C．wonders D．hesitates 6．A.believed B．explained C．regretted D．a(chǎn)nnounced 7．A.progress B．decision C．effort D．difference 8．A.ball B．job C．kite D．toy 9．A.therefore B．besides C．however D．otherwise 10．A.daughter B．nephew C．son D．cousin 11．A.support B．a(chǎn)ccept C．control D．persuade 12．A.honest B．ordinary C．latter D．former 13．A.prevent B．forget C．handle D．a(chǎn)dmit 14．A.hesitation B．mitment C．permission D．ment 15．A.deserted B．silenced C．ignored D．a(chǎn)ngered 16．A.essay B．a(chǎn)rticle C．poem D．passage 17．A.secret B．string C．dog D．news 18．A.old B．honest C．lucky D．cute 19．A.guilty B．tired C．a(chǎn)fraid D．proud 20．A.Since B．When C．Although D．Unless 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者應(yīng)對(duì)兒子大學(xué)輟學(xué)這一情況的故事。 【核心詞匯】release v．釋放，放開　semester n．學(xué)期　enthusiasm n．熱情　reunion n．團(tuán)聚 1．B　根據(jù)語境可推知，一個(gè)男人在教兒子放風(fēng)箏。instruct“教授”。故選B。 2．A　根據(jù)下文可知，詩篇中的兒子突然(suddenly)把線松開，讓風(fēng)箏高飛。 3．D　與語境“disappears”呼應(yīng)可推知，風(fēng)箏消失在遠(yuǎn)方(in the distance)。 4．B　這個(gè)男人意識(shí)到最終(eventually)他必須對(duì)兒子放手。 5．C　結(jié)合語境可推知，詩篇中的父親有疑問，想知道自己將來會(huì)不會(huì)無私地“松開線”。wonder“想知道”。 6．D　根據(jù)語境可推知，作者的兒子宣布他將不會(huì)完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)。 7．D　根據(jù)下文的“At the end of the semester Gary moved back home”可知，作者的勸說毫無作用。make a difference意為“有作用”。 8．B　根據(jù)下文的“What was a college professors __10__ doing at a job”可知，作者的兒子找到了一份工作。 9．C　根據(jù)上文的“with usual enthusiasm”和下文的“was deeply disappointed”可知，上下文表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 10．C　根據(jù)上下文可知，Gary和作者是父子關(guān)系。 11．D　根據(jù)作者下文所說的話和上文的“reasoning”可知，作者想勸說兒子放棄那份工作，因?yàn)樽髡吒械胶苁ersuade“勸說”。 12．D　根據(jù)“reunion”可知，此處是和以前的高中同學(xué)團(tuán)聚。former “以前的”。 13．C　根據(jù)語境可知，作者認(rèn)為兒子的工作一個(gè)高中輟學(xué)者都可以做，而他的同學(xué)們則成了醫(yī)生、律師和工程師，作者問兒子能否應(yīng)對(duì)這種情況。handle“應(yīng)付，處理”。 14．A　作者的兒子很堅(jiān)定地回答，沒有絲毫猶豫，與語境“Yes，Dad，”呼應(yīng)。 15．B　根據(jù)上文可知，兒子的話讓作者沉默了。 16．C　根據(jù)上文的“I have written a poem called Flying Kites”可知，作者想起了自己寫的那首詩。 17．B　根據(jù)上文的“Will I release the string as unselfishly us that”可知，此處表示要放開風(fēng)箏上的線。 18．A　根據(jù)空后的“make his own choices”可推知，兒子已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大，可以自己做決定了。 19．D　根據(jù)上文的“Today Gary has a successful career working for the city”可推知，父親看到兒子的成功，自然是為之自豪。 20．A　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系。since“因?yàn)椋热弧薄? 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．The old man has been fired and now a young man takes place. _____________________________________________________ 答案：takes后加his　take ones place “代替某人”，相當(dāng)于take the place of sb.。 2．When first was introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success. _____________________________________________________ 答案：去掉was　前一句子為狀語從句的省略形式，當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致或主語為it，且謂語部分含有be動(dòng)詞的相應(yīng)形式時(shí)，可以把從句的主語(或it)連同be動(dòng)詞一同省略。 3．My husband arranged me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. _____________________________________________________ 答案：arranged后加for　arrange for sb. to do sth. “安排某人做某事”。 4．When in Senior High, my class was consisted of 55 students. _____________________________________________________ 答案：去掉was　consist of “由……組成”，不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)，故將was去掉。 5．To our delighted, everything goes well. _____________________________________________________ 答案：delighted→delight　to ones delight “令某人高興的是”。 五、短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2018長(zhǎng)春市質(zhì)量檢測(cè)一) Dear Bill， How time flies！I went back to school and begin my lesson last month.It will be ten months before I attend the College Entrance Examination，that makes me worried.I failed pass the English test last term because of I had difficulty with it.I will never give up and determine to give myself the second chance to pass them.I will ask my teachers and friends for advices on how to improve it and work out a detailed plan.Besides，I will make fully use of time.Do you have any good ideas？Tell me or I will be grateful to you. Im looking forward to hear from you. Yours， Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Bill， How time flies！I went back to school and my lesson last month.It will be ten months before I attend the College Entrance Examination， makes me worried.I failed pass the English test last term because I had difficulty with it.I will never give up and determine to give myself second chance to pass .I will ask my teachers and friends for on how to improve it and work out a detailed plan.Besides，I will make use of time.Do you have any good ideas？Tell me I will be grateful to you. Im looking forward to from you. Yours， Li Hua 第一處：begin改為began?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語last month可知，此處描述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。 第二處：that改為which?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。此處是非限制性定語從句，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，且從句中缺少主語，先行詞為整個(gè)句子，所以關(guān)系詞應(yīng)該用which。 第三處：fail后加to?？疾楣潭ù钆?。fail to do sth.是固定用法，表示“未能做成某事”。 第四處：刪除because后的of?？疾榻樵~。because of后面跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，文中其后跟的是從句，應(yīng)用because來引導(dǎo)，故刪除of。 第五處：the改為a?？疾楣谠~。該處表示“再給自己一次機(jī)會(huì)”，a second chance表示“再一次機(jī)會(huì)”。 第六處：them改為it。考查代詞。該處表示“通過英語考試”，應(yīng)用it代指英語考試。 第七處：advices改為advice?？疾槊~。advice是不可數(shù)名詞，故把a(bǔ)dvices改為advice。 第八處：fully改為full?？疾樾稳菰~。該句中的名詞use應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，所以把fully改為full。make full use of“充分利用”。 第九處：or改為and?？疾椴⒘羞B詞。此處表示“告訴我(你的建議)，我將不勝感激”?！捌硎咕洌玜nd＋句子”，and表示順承關(guān)系；“祈使句＋or＋句子”，or表示“否則”。 第十處：hear改為hearing?？疾閯?dòng)名詞。look forward to短語中to是介詞，后面跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。