2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練題 Unit 4 Global warming（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc

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Global warming 一、閱讀理解。 What are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new? You may put them on hold. There’s a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars (火星)． On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first ever Mars show home, giving earthlings an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. Set in the notsodistant year of 2037, the iglooshaped structure could be the home of your future. It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognisable—kitchen, bedroom—but there are fundamental differences that are vital for human survival. As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earth’s, people will need permanent shelter from the sun and society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses won’t have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times. Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick, to protect people from dangerous rays that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double airlocked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure. “We don’t think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre，” says Stephen Petranek, author of How We’ll Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of scifi. “Ten to twenty years from now there will certainly be people on Mars，” Petranek says. “We’ve had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haven’t had the will，” Petranek says. “But two main factors have pletely swung public attitudes.” The private panies’ participation has forced government agencies to up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught society’s eye. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要對(duì)人類未來(lái)在火星上居住作了相關(guān)介紹。 1．What can we know about the show home from the text? A．It has no windows or doors due to security concern. B．Its design presents the idea of environmental protection. C．It has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure. D．Its underground passages connect all the buildings together. B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句可推知，火星樣板房的設(shè)計(jì)采用了可回收的宇宙飛船上的一些部件，體現(xiàn)了環(huán)保意識(shí)，故選B。 2．What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Put them off.　　　　　 B．Give them away. C．Carry them through. D．Take them seriously. A　解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句可推知，之前的列舉都可能被擱置下來(lái)，而去火星居住遲早會(huì)成為可能，故選A。 3．According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars? A．The great influence of Mars show home. B．The development of related technology. C．The petition from private panies. D．The popularity of influential books on Mars. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“The private panies’ participation has forced government agencies to up their game”可知，Petranek認(rèn)為一些私人企業(yè)的參與促進(jìn)了送人類去火星居住這一設(shè)想的進(jìn)程，故選C。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Living on Mars: Possible or Not B．Sending People to Mars: Yes or No C．First Ever Show Home: How Is It Made? D．Future Home on Mars: What Will It Be like? D　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要對(duì)人類未來(lái)在火星上居住作了相關(guān)介紹，故選D。 二、語(yǔ)法填空。 One day a young man was walking along the road when he heard a cry. It seemed __1__ (e) from underneath a bridge. As he approached the bridge, the sound got louder and then he saw __2__ pitiful sight. There, __3__ (lie) in the muddy riverbed, was a little dog about two months old, __4__ front legs were tightly tied with ropes. It had wounds on its head and was covered with mud. The young man wanted to help the dog, but as he approached, the dog started to bark. The young man did not give up. He sat down and started __5__ (gentle) talking to the dog. It took a long time but eventually the dog __6__ (stop) barking and the man was able to touch it. The young man carried the dog home, cared __7__ its wounds, and gave it food and water. Even with all of this, the dog was still __8__ (friend) every time the young man approached. But the young man did not give up. Weeks went by and the man continued __9__ (attend) to the dog. Then one day, as the young man approached, the dog wagged its tail. __10__ was consistent love and kindness that won a lifelong friendship of loyalty. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　 5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　 9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。一個(gè)年輕人在大橋下拯救了一只受傷被棄的狗，盡管小狗一開始不太友好，但他仍十分耐心地照顧它，最終小狗接納了他。這個(gè)故事告訴人們，只有始終如一的愛(ài)才能贏得終身忠誠(chéng)的友誼。 1．to be ing　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：哀叫聲好像來(lái)自橋下面。seem to do sth. “似乎要做某事”。根據(jù)句意可知，聲音是正在傳過(guò)來(lái)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填to be ing。 2．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。sight是第一次出現(xiàn)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，故填不定冠詞a，表泛指。 3．lying　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是一個(gè)there be句型。動(dòng)詞lie與其邏輯主語(yǔ)dog之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨。故填lying。 4．whose　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞dog，且從句主語(yǔ)front legs與先行詞為所屬關(guān)系，故填whose。 5．gently　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，故填所給詞gentle的副詞形式gently。 6．stopped　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文提示詞took可知，事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故填動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式stopped。 7．for　考查介詞。care for是固定搭配，意為“照顧”。故填介詞for。 8．unfriendly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)前后語(yǔ)境，尤其是關(guān)鍵詞“even”和“still”可知，此處是表否定意義；be動(dòng)詞后接形容詞，作表語(yǔ)。故填unfriendly，意為“不友好的”。 9．a(chǎn)ttending　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。continue doing sth.意為“繼續(xù)做某事”，故填attending。 10．It　考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句?！癐t is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that ...”是強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，故填it。 三、完形填空。 閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 When my sister Diane began playing the violin，she was seven.How did she sound？Terrible.But she didnt __1__.At twelve，she asked our parents if she could __2__ a fulltime music school.They said no.Actually，everyone agreed that my sister__3__ talent. I was better at my __4__.My teacher had told my parents that I had great__5__.So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area to __6__ me.But the only time he was __7__ was Saturday afternoons at 3 p．m.. Back then，I was __8__ about the British TV show“The Avengers”，which was__9__ every Saturday at 3 p．m.. I let nothing take up my “The Avengers”hour.So I __10__ this amazing opportunity.Today，I dont even have a__11__ in my house. My sister became an engineer，but she __12__ stopped making music.When she was in her 40s，she switched her __13__.She went back to college，got a(n)__14__ in music education，and became a music teacher.She starts kids off on their first instrument and gives them all the encouragement and support she never __15__. Recently，she and a pianist pal put on a recital.A big crowd of friends and family __16__ for her.As she played，I looked around at the __17__.Everyone was __18__ enjoying the music.It occurred to me that I was the only person that remembered that 7yearold kid making those perfectly__19__ sounds and knew how far she had e，despite__20__. Talent is important.But enthusiasm is even more important. 1．A.advance　　　　　B．quit C．reflect D．listen 2．A.inspect B．open C．a(chǎn)ttend D．visit 3．A.lacked B．spotted C．possessed D．a(chǎn)dmired 4．A.major B．project C．position D．instrument 5．A.patience B．enthusiasm C．potential D．a(chǎn)mbition 6．A.train B．examine C．correct D．challenge 7．A.punctual B．skillful C．occupied D．a(chǎn)vailable 8．A.sensitive B．crazy C．serious D．particular 9．A.filmed B．designed C．a(chǎn)ired D．mented 10．A.jumped at B．turned down C．waited for D．opened up 11．A.tutor B．violin C．musician D．piano 12．A.never B．once C．a(chǎn)lready D．even 13．A.attitude B．career C．plan D．position 14．A.scholarship B．sponsor C．degree D．a(chǎn)ssistant 15．A.provided B．imagined C．received D．expected 16．A.voted B．feared C．stayed up D．turned up 17．A.students B．a(chǎn)udience C．spotlights D．platform 18．A.obviously B．desperately C．a(chǎn)ppropriately D．a(chǎn)nxiously 19．A.booming B．pleasing C．a(chǎn)wful D．powerful 20．A.everything B．something C．everybody D．somebody 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，通過(guò)講述妹妹追求夢(mèng)想的經(jīng)歷告訴我們：天賦很重要，但更重要的是熱情。 1．B　根據(jù)上文的“How did she sound？Terrible”可知，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了；結(jié)合本句的“But”表示的轉(zhuǎn)折意義可知，但她沒(méi)有放棄(quit)。 2．C　根據(jù)上文可知，盡管妹妹的小提琴演奏得很糟糕，但是她仍不愿放棄；據(jù)此可以判斷，本句句意為：在十二歲時(shí)，她問(wèn)父母她是否可以去全日制的音樂(lè)學(xué)校上學(xué)。attend school為固定搭配，意為“上學(xué)”。 3．A　根據(jù)上文的“They said no”和父母沒(méi)有答應(yīng)讓她去全日制音樂(lè)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)可以判斷，每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為“我”的妹妹缺乏(lacked)天賦，故A項(xiàng)正確。 4．D　根據(jù)本段第三句的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母為“我”找了當(dāng)?shù)刈詈玫匿撉倮蠋熃獭拔摇睂W(xué)鋼琴；據(jù)此可以判斷，與妹妹相比，“我”更擅長(zhǎng)“我”的樂(lè)器。 5．C　根據(jù)下文的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母為“我”找了當(dāng)?shù)刈詈玫匿撉倮蠋焷?lái)教“我”學(xué)鋼琴；據(jù)此可以判斷，老師告訴父母說(shuō)“我”很有潛能(potential)。A項(xiàng)意為“耐心”，B項(xiàng)意為“熱情”，D項(xiàng)意為“抱負(fù)”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 6．A　參見(jiàn)上題解析。A項(xiàng)意為“培訓(xùn)，教育”；B項(xiàng)意為“檢查”；C項(xiàng)意為“改正”；D項(xiàng)意為“挑戰(zhàn)”。 7．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，鋼琴老師只有每周六下午三點(diǎn)有空。D項(xiàng)意為“有空的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)時(shí)的”，B項(xiàng)意為“技術(shù)好的”，C項(xiàng)意為“使用中”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 8．B　根據(jù)本句中的“about the British TV show”可判斷，“我”熱衷于一檔英國(guó)電視節(jié)目。be crazy about為固定搭配，意為“熱衷于”，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“敏感的”，C項(xiàng)意為“嚴(yán)肅的”，D項(xiàng)意為“特別的，尤其的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 9．C　根據(jù)該句中的“every Saturday at 3 p．m.”可知，這檔英國(guó)電視節(jié)目在每周六的下午三點(diǎn)播放。air在本句中意為“播出，播送”，屬于熟詞生義，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“拍電影”，B項(xiàng)意為“設(shè)計(jì)”，D項(xiàng)意為“評(píng)論”。 10．B　根據(jù)上文的“I let nothing take up my‘The Avengers hour”可知，“我”不讓任何事情占用“我”看這檔節(jié)目的時(shí)間，據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”拒絕了這一機(jī)會(huì)。B項(xiàng)意為“拒絕”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“迫不及待地接受”，C項(xiàng)意為“等待，等候”，D項(xiàng)意為“打開；開發(fā)；展示”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 11．D　根據(jù)本段的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可以判斷，由于“我”拒絕了學(xué)鋼琴，所以現(xiàn)在家里甚至一臺(tái)鋼琴也沒(méi)有，故D項(xiàng)正確。 12．A　根據(jù)空后兩句可知，“我”妹妹在四十幾歲時(shí)上大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)；據(jù)此可知，盡管“我”妹妹成了一名工程師，但是她從未(never)停止對(duì)音樂(lè)的追求，故A項(xiàng)正確。 13．B　根據(jù)下文的“and became a music teacher”可知，在她四十幾歲時(shí)，她改變了職業(yè)(career)，從工程師成為一名音樂(lè)老師，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“態(tài)度”，C項(xiàng)意為“計(jì)劃”，D項(xiàng)意為“地位；職位”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 14．C　根據(jù)句中的“She went back to college”和“and became a music teacher”可知，她重返大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)，并取得了音樂(lè)教育的學(xué)位(degree)，成了一名音樂(lè)老師。A項(xiàng)意為“獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金”，B項(xiàng)意為“贊助人”，D項(xiàng)意為“助手”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 15．C　根據(jù)上文可知，“我”的父母認(rèn)為妹妹沒(méi)有音樂(lè)天賦，拒絕了妹妹上全日制音樂(lè)學(xué)校的請(qǐng)求，據(jù)此可以判斷，妹妹做音樂(lè)老師時(shí)，給了孩子們她未曾得到(received)的鼓勵(lì)和支持。A項(xiàng)意為“提供”，B項(xiàng)意為“想象”，D項(xiàng)意為“期望”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 16．D　根據(jù)上文的“put on a recital”可知，妹妹和一位鋼琴家舉辦了一場(chǎng)演奏會(huì)；據(jù)此可以判斷，朋友和家人們都到場(chǎng)了。A項(xiàng)意為“投票”，B項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心，害怕”，C項(xiàng)意為“熬夜”，D項(xiàng)意為“到達(dá)，露面”。 17．B　根據(jù)下文的“enjoying the music”可知，所有人都在欣賞妹妹演奏的音樂(lè)；據(jù)此可知，“我”環(huán)顧了四周的觀眾(audience)，故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“學(xué)生”，C項(xiàng)意為“聚光燈”，D項(xiàng)意為“平臺(tái)，講臺(tái)”。 18．A　根據(jù)本句中的“enjoying the music”可知，很顯然(obviously)，所有人都在欣賞妹妹演奏的音樂(lè)。B項(xiàng)意為“極其”，C項(xiàng)意為“恰當(dāng)?shù)亍保珼項(xiàng)意為“焦虛的；擔(dān)心的；著急地”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 19．C　根據(jù)上文的“How did she sound? Terrible”可知，七歲時(shí)，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了(awful)，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“迅速發(fā)展的”，B項(xiàng)意為“令人愉快的”，D項(xiàng)意為“有力量的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 20．A　根據(jù)本句中的“and knew how far she had e, despite”并結(jié)合上文可知，“我”想起了妹妹七歲時(shí)演奏小提琴的糟糕的聲音，只有“我”知道她不顧一切(everything)走了多遠(yuǎn)。 四、短文改錯(cuò)。 Time flies! This is a third year that I have been in this school. In the past two and a half years, our school had organized many activities. What impressed me most was an activity called “Learning to Farm”. In an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learnt to plant potatoes. Having been in the city for so a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside. After divided into three groups, we started to work. Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the hole, put the earth back and pushed them down hard. We continued doing that until all the work was done. Although we were exhausted, but we felt fulfilled on our way back home. 答案： Time flies! This is third year that I have been in this school. In the past two and a half years, our school organized many activities. What impressed me most was an activity “Learning to Farm”. an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm we learnt to plant potatoes. Having been in the city for a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside. After divided into three groups, we started to work. Some students cut potatoes into pieces, some dug holes, and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the ， put the earth back and pushed down hard. We continued doing that until all the work was done. Although we were exhausted, we felt fulfilled on our way back home. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第二處：had→has　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為In the past ... years時(shí)，句子通常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故had應(yīng)改為has。 第五處：which前加on或which→where　考查定語(yǔ)從句。本句中，a farm之后的部分為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞farm，關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，表地點(diǎn)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where；where也可以由on which代替。故which前加介詞on或者將which改為where。 第十處：去掉but或but→yet　考查連詞。although與but不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)復(fù)合句中，但yet可以。故此處應(yīng)去掉but或?qū)ut改為yet。 五、七選五。