大連交通大學(xué)-軟件工程期末考試(第一套A卷)

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教研室主任（簽字）學(xué)院院長（系主任）（簽字）大 連 交 通 大 學(xué) 試 卷2007 ～2008 學(xué)年 第 1 學(xué)期課程 Software engineering(軟件工程)(A 卷) （2004 年級(jí)）課程性質(zhì)（□必修□專業(yè)限選□任選） 考試方式（□閉卷□開卷）一、For each question, there are four choices marked A,B,C,D, choose the best answer.(each 1point, total 30 point).1、The aim of software engineering is to produce software that is:A. delivered on time B. delivered within budgetC. satisfies users' needs D. all of the above2、More time and money is spent in the ___________ phase than any other phase.A. requirements B. specificationC. maintenance D. implementation and integration 3、During which phase of the software project management life cycle should testing occur?A. integration B. implementationC. maintenance D. testing occurs during each phase.4、In which of the following circumstances might the waterfall software life-cycle model be an appropriate one to use?A. large-scale, in-house productsB. for products utilizing an open architecture and complexuser-interfaceC．large document-driven projects requiring a disciplined approachD. short programs that will not need maintenance5、A disadvantage of the Incremental model is that: A. clients are not billed until the last build is completed. B. the model can easily degenerate into the 'build-and-fix' approach. C. it is not easy to accommodate changes that occur due to external (competitive, social and regulatory) forces.D. All of these are disadvantages of the incremental model.6、A common feature(s) of object-oriented life cycle models is/are:A. iteration B. parallelismC. incremental development D. all of the above7、The democratic team approach is also known as: A. the clean-room approach B. egoless programmingC. bottom-up implementationD. synchronize-and-stabilize teams 得分題 號(hào) 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 總分得 分8、In the classical chief programmer team approach, the team member responsible for black box test case generation is: A. the chief programmer B. the back-up programmerC. programmer D. the programming secretary9、Stepwise refinement is a problem solving technique that underlies many software engineering techniques. It can be defined as a means to: A. specify the product's design up front in order to minimize integration problems during later phases B. postpone decisions on details until as late as possible in order to be able to concentrate on the important issues C. decompose the problem into pieces of equal importance D. review the project's deliverables such as specification documents and code by stepping through them during review meetings10、A tool that can automatically manage multiple versions is a(n): A. upperCASE toolB. compiler C. configuration management toolD. structure editor11、In software engineering the term quality implies: A. excellenceB. the extent to which the product satisfies its specification C. there have been no fatal or otherwise catastrophic consequences of its operationD. that comprehensive testing has not revealed the presence of any bugs12、Why should the SQA group be kept under separate management from the development team(s)?A. to increase the employment prospects of the analysts.B. to decrease the cost of managing large teamsC. to facilitate the principle of information hiding that is crucial to object-oriented systems D、due to conflicts that may arise as production deadlines approach whilst the product still has serious faults.13、The two main design strategies are known as functional design and object-orientated design. Which of the following statements is false? A. In an object-orientated design the system state is decentralized and each object manages its own state information.B. In functional design the system state is centralized and state information is accessed by different functions. C. the most appropriate design strategy is selected for each stage of design, there is no need to adhere to a single approach during the whole design process.D. the same design approach must be used in the design of different system components to ensure consistency, especially for large software systems.考生注意： 考試時(shí)間 120 分鐘 試卷總分 100 分 共 5 頁 第 1 頁專 業(yè)班 級(jí)學(xué) 號(hào)姓 名14、A design is said to be a good design if the components are: A. Strongly coupled and Weakly cohesive B. Strongly coupled and strongly cohesiveC. Strongly cohesive and weakly coupled D. Weakly cohesive and weakly coupled15、What is/are the major disadvantage(s) of basing the requirement specification on a prototype model? A. The rapid prototype cannot stand as a legal statement of a contract between a developer and a client. B. Creating a working prototype takes more time and effort than formulating written specifications.C. The users are not able to understand them to the same extent that they are able to comprehend written specifications. D. all of these are disadvantages16、Using the structured systems approach for specification and design the emphasis is on: A. Real-Time systemsB. actionsC. dataD. objects17、Using structured systems analysis, the logic of the processes is developed by A. defining the data stores and data flows B. data modelingC. process decomposition D. decision trees18、During detailed design ___________ and ___________ are specified.A. algorithms, data structuresB. modules, interconnectionsC. subsystems, interfacesD. architecture, human computer interactions (HCI) 19、The underlining technique in Data Flow Analysis is: A. generalizationB. specializationC. stepwise refinementD. encapsulation20、In OOD how can you decide where to locate an action?A. by assigning it to a class or to a client (i.e. program unit) that sends a message to an object of that classB. on the basis of information hiding. i.e. actions performed on state variables should be local to that classC. by using responsibility-driven designD. by any of these three methods21、Which UML diagram best emphasizes the chronological order ofmessages? A. class diagram B. sequence diagramC. collaboration diagram D. use case裝訂線 22、As a rule of thumb IF statements should not be nested to a depth greater than: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 23、Black box testing is based on the: A. design document B. specification documentD. Software Project Management Plan (SPMP) E. all of these24、A successful test case is one that: A. detects an already identified fault.B. detects a previously undetected fault.C. runs without a fault being detected.D．exhaustively tests every path through a module.25、How many test cases should be prepared for each set when it is specified that an item must belong to a given set in the specifications? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. none of the above26、A number of studies have compared strategies for module testing. Which of the following statements on their relative merits is false? A. code inspection is at least as effective at detecting faults as glass-box and black-box testing.B. professional programmers detected more faults with code reading than black-box and glass-box testing, and the fault detection rate was higher.C. code reading lead to the detection of more interface faults.D. code walkthroughs proved to be the least cost-effective method.27、An advantage of top-down implementation and integration is: A. it is easy to determine where the fault lies when a new module is added B. major design flaws show up early when the logic modules are coded and tested C. operational modules are implemented after their ancestor logic modules D. none of these.28、Integration testing should be run by the: A. SQA group B. programmers who developed the modules C. analysts who specified the modules' functionality D. clients29、During which phase of the software life cycle do you first consider maintenance?A. implementation B. testingC. maintenance D. from the very beginning30、Often the best way of dealing with problems involving the (software) product that are not emergencies is to: A. fix themB. find a work-roundC. assign them to the least experienced programmersD. blame someone else共 5 頁 第 2 頁 專 業(yè)班 級(jí)學(xué) 號(hào)姓 名二、Fill in the blank（each blank 1 point ,total 10 point）1.One simple way of looking at the spiral software life-cycle model is as a waterfall model with each phase proceeded by 2. A CASE device that provides support for one or two activities within the software development process is referred to as a(n) 3.A new version of a faulty module is a(n) 4. is the extent to which the product meets its constraints with regard to response time or space requirements.5.If a data structure is passed as an argument, but the called moduleoperates on only some of the individual components of that data structurethen they are said to be coupled.6. CRC stands for Class Responsibility .7. At the end of the phase test cases can start to be drawn up.8. When a change is made to a product to react to changes in the environment,this is an example of maintenance.9. If a maintenance programmer locates a fault and changes it, so introducing another fault in the product, then this is termed afault.10. The process of starting with the source code and recreating the design documents or even the specifications is known as 三、Answer the following question.(total 45 point)1、Explain the following noun.(each 3 point ,total 15 point)(1)Software Engineering(2) Cost-benefit Analysis(3) Cohesion得分裝訂線(4) Data encapsulation(5) Reuse2、Draw the waterfall model and describe its strengths and weaknesses.(6 point)共 5 頁 第 3 頁專 業(yè)班 級(jí)學(xué) 號(hào)姓 名. 3、List the documentation that should be produced during each phase ofthe software life cycle. (7 point)4、What is the structure of classical chief programmer team and what are the two key characters of chief programmer team ? (7 points)裝訂線 5、What is the similarity and difference between walkthrough and inspection?(5 points)6、Determine the cohesion of the following modules，and explain your reasonin brief:（5 points）①Read part number from database and update repair record on maintenance file.②Calculate new trajectory(彈道)and send it to the printer.③Get temperature of furnace.④Open old master file, new master file, transaction file, and print file.⑤print next line, reverse the string of characters comprising the third argument.共 5 頁 第 4 頁 專 業(yè)班 級(jí)學(xué) 號(hào)姓 名四、Design problems (total 15 point)1、According to the rule of the airplane company, passengers can have luggage weighted less or equal to 35kg checked for free. The heavy lift additional(超重附加費(fèi))is 6￥/Kg for domestic first class passengers(國內(nèi)頭等艙乘客)and 8￥/Kg for other domestic passengers. The heavy lift additional for the foreign passengers is double what it is for the domestic passengers. The heavy lift additional for the disabled is half of that for the normal passengers. Please draw the decision tree for the carriage computation.(7 points)得分裝訂線 2、A product is to be installed to control n elevators in a building with m floors. The problem concern the logic required to move elevators between floors according to the following constrains:1) Each elevator has a set of m buttons, one for each floor. These illuminate when pressed and cause the elevator to visit the corresponding floor. The illumination is canceled when the corresponding floor is visited by the elevator. 2) Each floor, except the first floor and the top floor, has two buttons, one to request an up-elevator and one to request a down-elevator. These buttons illuminate when pressed. The illumination is canceled when an elevator visits the floor and then moves in the desired direction.3) When an elevator has no request, it remains at its current floor with its doors closed.Assume that you are in the Object Oriented Analysis phase, please draw the use-case diagram and class diagram for this product.(8 points) 共 5 頁 第 5 頁2007-2008_1 Software engineering Key Answers (Paper A)一、For each question, there are four choices marked A,B,C,D, choose the best answer.(each 1 point, total 30 point).1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.C11.B 12.D 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.D 18.A 19.C 20.D21.B 22.C 23.B 24.B 25.B 26.A 27.B 28.A 29.D 30.B評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：選對(duì)給 1 分，選錯(cuò)給 0 分。二、Fill in the blank （each blank 1 point ,total 10 point）1. risk analysis 2. workbench 3.revision 4.Performance5.stamp 6.Collaboration 7.specification 8.adaptive9. regression 10. reverse engineering評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：完全填對(duì)給 1分；僅有 1處拼寫錯(cuò)誤的不扣分，拼寫錯(cuò)誤累計(jì) 2個(gè)扣 1分；有 3處拼寫錯(cuò)誤的扣 1分，拼寫錯(cuò)誤累計(jì) 4個(gè)扣 2分。單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤十分嚴(yán)重，無法猜測(cè)其拼寫意圖的不給分。三、Answer the following question.(total 45 point)1.(15 point)(1)Software Engineering：Software Engineering is a discipline whose aim is to produce fault-free software ,to deliver software on time and within budget and to satisfy the clients’ requirements.(2) Cost-benefit Analysis：A basic principle underlying many software engineering techniques to compare estimated future benefits and costs.(3) Cohesion： Degree of interaction within a module.(4) Data encapsulation：Data structure together with the operations on it.(5) Reuse：Use components of one product to simplify the development of another product that has different functions.評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：允許用自己的語言表述名詞的意思，根據(jù)回答情況酌情給分。2. (6 point) Advantages: Disciplined approach; Document-drivenDisadvantages: Delivered product may not meet client’s needs評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：畫出瀑布模型圖給 4 分，根據(jù)繪圖完整情況酌情扣分。瀑布模型的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)各占 1 分。3. (7 point)Requirements phase: record of discussions with client; document stating client’s needs and/or a rapid prototype.Specification phase: specification document; software project management plan.Design phase: architectural design; detailed design of each module.Implementation phase: source code; comments in the source code; test cases for each module.Integration phase: commented source code of product as a whole; test cases for product as a whole; user manual, operator manual, other manuals.Maintenance phase: record of changes made, with reasons; regression test cases; modified documentation from previous phases.Retirement phase: why it was retired, when, and by whom.評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：每列出一個(gè)階段的文檔得 1 分，只列出 7 個(gè)階段，而沒有列出文檔情況得 2 分，其他情況酌情扣分。4. (7 points)（5 分）Two key aspects: Specialization and Hierarchy（2 分）評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：列出主程序員結(jié)構(gòu)得 5 分，每列出 1 種特點(diǎn)得 1 分，如果只列出了主程序員的成員，而沒有列出之間的關(guān)系，扣 1 分。其他情況酌情扣分。 5. (5 points)Both are review processes performed by teams with the aim of finding faults. In both cases the material is studied by individual team members, and then the material is reviewed by the team as a group.The major differences are: an inspection is a formal five-step process while a walkthrough has two informal steps; previously acquired fault statistics play an important role in the inspection process; there is a formal component of the inspection process for ensuring that all faults noted are later corrected; if more than a certain fraction of the material is changed then it must be submitted for reinspection.評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：列出相同點(diǎn)得 2 分，列出不同點(diǎn)得 3 分，其他情況酌情扣分。6. （5 points）(1) Procedural cohesion: A module has communicational cohesion if it performs a series of actions related by the sequence of steps to be followed by the product and if all the actions are performed on the same data.(2) Communicational cohesion: A module has communicational cohesion if it performs a series of actions related by the procedure to be followed by the product, but in addition all the actions operate on the same data(3) Functional cohesion. A module performs exactly one action or achieves a single goal has functional cohesion.(4) Temporal cohesion. A module has temporal cohesion when it performs a series of actions related in time(5) Coincidental cohesion. A module has coincidental cohesion if it performsmultiple, completely unrelated actions.評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：每判斷正確一種情況得 1 分，如果判斷錯(cuò)誤，但是相應(yīng)的解釋正確給 0.5 分，其他情況酌情扣分。四、Design problems (total 20 point)1. (7 points)W 3 5 K gd o m e s t i cf o r e i g nf i r s t c l a s sd i s a b l e d : ( W - 3 5 ) * 3o t h e r so t h e r sn o r m a l : ( W - 3 5 ) * 6n o r m a l : ( W - 3 5 ) * 1 2f i r s t c l a s sd i s a b l e d : ( W - 3 5 ) * 6n o r m a l : ( W - 3 5 ) * 8d i s a b l e d : ( W - 3 5 ) * 4n o r m a l : ( W - 3 5 ) * 1 6d i s a b l e d : ( W - 3 5 ) * 8評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：每列出一種情況得 1 分，列出 5 種情況得 3 分，列出 7 種情況得 5 分，列出所有 9 種情況得 7 分，其他情況酌情扣分。2. (8 points) ……………3 points………………………………5 points評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：用例圖 3分：一個(gè)角色，兩個(gè)用例各占 1分。類圖 5分：兩個(gè)類 1分，共 3分；繼承關(guān)系 1分，類之間的關(guān)系 1分，如果出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤單詞或者漏寫屬性總共扣 1分。