2019-2020年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Unit 6 Natural Disasters復(fù)習(xí)講義 譯林牛津版.doc

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2019-2020年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Unit 6 Natural Disasters復(fù)習(xí)講義 譯林牛津版一、重點(diǎn)詞匯1. mind/idea/opinion基本含義用法辨析mind “想法；精神”指一個(gè)人的精神所處的狀態(tài)或者是思維活/心理活動(dòng)idea “主意；想法”指特定情況下做某事的辦法或是對(duì)“將來(lái)發(fā)生”的事情的“粗略”的構(gòu)想opinion “主意；想法”指某人對(duì)某件事情的看法、觀點(diǎn)（是純粹的個(gè)人見(jiàn)解、主觀判斷）【小試牛刀】 1. He has no idea how to deal with it. 他不知道怎么去把這個(gè)事處理好。 2. The man changed his mind in the end. 這個(gè)男子最后改變了主意。 3. In my opinion, its easy for us to finish the work on time.在我看來(lái)，我們很容易準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成工作。2. alive/living/live/lively基本含義用法辨析alive “活著的”表語(yǔ)形容詞，不能放在它所說(shuō)明的名詞之前l(fā)iving “活(著)的”既可用作表語(yǔ)形容詞，又可用作定語(yǔ)形容詞；主要指在某個(gè)時(shí)候是活著的live “活的”通常只作前置定語(yǔ)，且一般用于動(dòng)物lively “活潑的;生動(dòng)的”可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)，既可指人，又可指物【小試牛刀】1. Hehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasses_andinteresting.2. We found the snake _.3. Hesaidhehadseena_whale.3. “名詞+by+名詞”短語(yǔ) 此類(lèi)短語(yǔ)大多含有“一個(gè)一個(gè)”之意，或“逐漸”的意思，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化，在句中做狀語(yǔ)。例如：Our knowledge is increasing year by year. 我們的知識(shí)逐年增長(zhǎng)。類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)有：one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè)bit by bit 一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地day by day 一天天by and by 不久step by step 逐步地 side by side 肩并肩地little by little 逐漸地hour by hour 一小時(shí)一小時(shí)地二、語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)撥過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1. 基本用法過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一階段正在進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作，一般與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如: then, at that time, at six, (at this time)yesterday, from 8 to 10 last night等連用；但有時(shí)沒(méi)有這些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而通過(guò)上下文的聯(lián)系來(lái)表示。 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。What were you doing at eight this morning? 今天早晨八點(diǎn)鐘你在做什么？She was working on the problem this time yesterday. 她昨天這時(shí)候正在解那道題。 表示過(guò)去某一階段內(nèi)的連續(xù)性動(dòng)作。What was Tom doing during the summer holidays? 湯姆在暑假期間都做了什么了？We were visiting various museums is London when we stayed there.在倫敦逗留期間，我們參觀了各種博物館。 表示兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行。I was doing my homework while they were watching TV.當(dāng)時(shí)我正在寫(xiě)作業(yè)，而他們?cè)诳措娨?。Some students were running round the track when we were having a meeting in the classroom.當(dāng)我們?cè)诮淌依镩_(kāi)會(huì)的時(shí)候，一些同學(xué)正在跑道上跑步。 表示一個(gè)漸進(jìn)的變化過(guò)程。She was getting better and better.她的身體越來(lái)越好了。The grass was getting shorter and shorter in those years.那些草逐漸長(zhǎng)得越來(lái)越矮了。 用于間接引語(yǔ)，表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。Susan asked him if he was leaving early the next morning.蘇姍問(wèn)他是否準(zhǔn)備第二天一大早就動(dòng)身。He said he was ing back soon.他很快就會(huì)回來(lái)的?！颈容^】過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性；一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅表示過(guò)去的一個(gè)動(dòng)作的完結(jié)，只表示有過(guò)這件事。They were seeing the film last night. 昨晚他們?cè)诳茨莻€(gè)電影。 （沒(méi)做其他事）They saw the film last night. 昨晚他們看了那個(gè)電影。 （這一動(dòng)作已完結(jié)）They were cooking for supper yesterday evening. 昨晚她正在做晚飯。（正在做）They cooked for supper yesterday evening.昨晚她做了晚飯。（已做完）2. 動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成was (were)+現(xiàn)在分詞3. 句式變化【小試牛刀】1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (e) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.6. -I phoned you yesterday morning, but nobody answered. -Oh, we _ (have)a meeting in the meeting room.7. _ he _(lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening ?8. Mike and I _(play) basketball at that time yesterday afternoon.9. I first met Lisa three years ago. She_(work) at a radio shop at the time.10. When I arrived at his office, he _ (speak)on the phone.三、交際用語(yǔ)談?wù)撟匀粸?zāi)害 Did you hear about ( the fire in Shanghai last week) ? What happened? Was anybody hurt? There was a heavy storm with thunder and lightning. It was terrible.牛津英語(yǔ)8A Unit 6 短語(yǔ)匯總序號(hào)ChineseEnglish1自然災(zāi)害natural disasters2全身濕透be/get all wet3將拖干凈（代詞放中間）mopup4將沖走（代詞放中間）washaway5輸?shù)舯荣恖ose the game6好幾千人（成千上萬(wàn)的人）thousands of people7猛烈地撞到上crash into8引起一場(chǎng)大的火災(zāi)start/cause a big fire9驚恐地（處于恐懼之中）in fear10地下的炸彈bombs below/under the ground11從.上掉下來(lái)/摔下來(lái)fall off = fall (down) from =drop from倒下、掉下/跌倒、絆倒/倒下fall down /fall over /e down = fall12朝四面八方跑去run in all directions=run in every direction13跑出./跑進(jìn).run out of / run into14盡某人最大努力做某事try ones best to do sth.15鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)、平靜下來(lái)calm down16最后finally = at last = in the end17結(jié)束be over = end18被困住be trapped19自言自語(yǔ)say to oneself20片刻的恐懼a moment of fear21（大聲）求救shout/call/scream for help22到處everywhere = here and there23沒(méi)有任何吃的東西have nothing to eat24興奮的叫聲excited shouts25急匆匆地去干某事be in a (great) hurry to do sth.26降一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)/降到零下5度drop a little/ drop to -527大約7度(be) around 728變得更壞bee/get worse29找借口make excuses / make an excuse30叫/建議某人（不要）做某事tell/ ask / advise sb. (not) to do sth.警告/命令某人（不要）做某事warn / order sb. (not) to do sth.31把.搬走（代詞放中間）move away32精神緊張be nervous33經(jīng)歷地震后而存活下來(lái)survive the earthquake34聽(tīng)起來(lái)像sound like.35天氣預(yù)報(bào)weather forecast36鎖門(mén)lock the door37跑下樓run down the stairs38將（電器）打開(kāi)/關(guān)閉turn on/off將（電器音量）調(diào)高/調(diào)低turn up/down39走出教室walk out of the classroom 40一個(gè)接一個(gè)one by one = one after another41一個(gè)事故報(bào)告an accident report42打電話給110熱線call the 110 hotline43到達(dá)時(shí)間the time of arrival44著火catch fire = be on fire45在風(fēng)中in the wind46除了做某事外不能做任何事do nothing but do sth. （前面do不以是別的動(dòng)詞，后面do可以是任何動(dòng)詞，但必須是原形）47朝.外看/朝.里看look out of. / look into48繼續(xù)做（同一件）事continue to do sth. = continue doing sth. =go on doing sth. = go on with sth.49用.將.蓋起來(lái)coverwith.被.覆蓋起來(lái).be covered with 牛津英語(yǔ)8A Unit 6 基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練一、重點(diǎn)詞組1. 在一家購(gòu)物中心_ 2. 起先_3. 一陣輕微的晃動(dòng)_ 4. 像雷聲一樣的聲音_ 5. 在恐懼中_ 6. 害怕_7. 向四面八方跑_ 8. 跑出_9. 盡力做某事_ 10. 倒下_11. 掉下_ 12. 平靜下來(lái)_13. 問(wèn)自己_ 14. 在某人的周?chē)?_15. 被困住了_ 16. 自言自語(yǔ)_17. 片刻的恐慌_(tái) 18. 穿過(guò) _19. 活著_ 20. 迫不及待做某事_21. 搬走_(dá) 22. 最后_二、句型結(jié)構(gòu)1. I felt a slight shaking through my body.區(qū)分 through / across 1）我的腦中掠過(guò)一陣恐慌。A moment of fear went _my mind. 2）火車(chē)正穿越隧道。The train is traveling _the tunnel. 3）當(dāng)交通燈是紅燈時(shí)不要過(guò)馬路。Dont go _the road when the traffic light is red. 4）過(guò)橋你就看到它了。Youll see it when you go _ the bridge.2. People were in a great hurry to move away the bricks and stones. be in a great hurry to do sth. 1) 她匆匆忙忙地離開(kāi)了家。 She _home. 2）你為何匆忙地賣(mài)掉房子？Why _you _the house?三、難點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法1. because / since / as我們用because / since / as說(shuō)明理由。通常把since / as放在句首，而because更多地放在句中，并且because常用于回答Why提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句。-Why didnt you go to work yesterday?-Because I was ill.2. 動(dòng)詞不定式 （發(fā)出命令、要求、提出建議等）建議某人（不）做某事_要求某人（不）做某事_邀請(qǐng)某人做某事_命令某人（不）做某事_告訴某人（不）做某事_警告某人（不）做某事_“Please close the window , Simon,” said Mr. Wu.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Mr. Wu asked Simon_. “Dont run,” Mr. Wang warned us. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) Mr. Wang warned us _.