1L4100 柴油機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)（曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)）摘 要本次設(shè)計(jì)主要針對(duì)性設(shè)計(jì)了 L4100 柴油機(jī)的曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)，對(duì)這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中的各種零部件進(jìn)行分析相應(yīng)的分析和設(shè)計(jì)。由于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)作為一臺(tái)完整的動(dòng)力機(jī)械的心臟部位，扮演著居足輕重的加角色。首先從整體方面著手，先確定整個(gè)機(jī)體采用的形式，確定整機(jī)的外形尺寸。再著眼于各個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)部分。將設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)逐級(jí)分配下去，從缸蓋的結(jié)構(gòu)，氣門(mén)傳動(dòng)組的設(shè)計(jì)，再到活塞連桿組的連桿、活塞、以及曲軸的設(shè)計(jì)，最后是相關(guān)傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置，油底殼的外形尺寸等等一系列的復(fù)雜設(shè)計(jì)，最后組成一臺(tái)完整的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。若中間任何一道工序出現(xiàn)差錯(cuò)，這一項(xiàng)任務(wù)的完成就會(huì)大打折扣。因此本此設(shè)計(jì)在著手設(shè)計(jì)曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的所有零部件時(shí)，都本著精益求精的態(tài)度去完成。由于已經(jīng)給定了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的相關(guān)參數(shù)，所以在設(shè)計(jì)之初就需要對(duì)曲柄連桿連桿機(jī)構(gòu)中的每一個(gè)構(gòu)件（包括活塞，連桿，曲軸）我們都采用先分析其相應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況，再以此為依據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)參數(shù)，保證動(dòng)力學(xué)分析時(shí)能夠合理有效的進(jìn)行，最后進(jìn)行同時(shí)相關(guān)強(qiáng)度、硬度的校核。根據(jù)最終校核的情況再做出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。在保證最大化的輕巧，靈便的同時(shí)，保證相關(guān)技術(shù)要求。最后用 CAD 繪出相應(yīng)的幾何圖形。關(guān)鍵詞：柴油機(jī),曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu),動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,CAD 制圖2L4100 Diesel Engine Design (Connecting Rod Mechanism)ABSTRACTThe main purpose of this design is to design the crank connecting rod mechanism of the L4100 diesel engine .including a variety of components . As the heart of the mechanical parts, 3this system plays a pivotal role.First from the overall aspects of the first to determine the form of the whole body to determine the overall size of the machine. And then focus on the details of the part. The design task is assigned step by step, from the structure of the cylinder head, the design of the valve drive group, to the design of the connecting rod of the piston connecting rod, the piston, and the crankshaft. Finally, the setting of the relevant transmission mechanism, Size and so on a series of complex design, and finally form a complete engine. If any of the middle of a process error, the completion of this task will be greatly reduced. So this design in the design of the crank link mechanism of all parts, are in the attitude of excellence to complete.As the engine has been given the relevant parameters, so the beginning of the design of the crank connecting rod mechanism in each of the components (including the piston, connecting rod, crankshaft) we have to use the first analysis of the corresponding movement, and then As the basis for the design of relevant parameters to ensure that the dynamic analysis can be reasonable and effective, and finally the relevant strength, hardness of the check. According to the final check the situation and then make the appropriate adjustments. In ensuring the maximum lightweight, flexible at the same time, to ensure that the relevant technical requirements. Finally, the use of three-dimensional software CAD to produce the corresponding geometric model.KEY WORDS: diesel engine,the crank connecting rod mechanism;dynamic analysis,three-dimensional software CAD目 錄4前言.....................................................................................................................1第一章 曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)受力分析 ......................................2§ 1.1 曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué) .............................................................................2§ 1.1.1 活塞的位移 .................................................................................2§ 1.1.2 活塞的速度 .................................................................................4§ 1.1.3 活塞的加速度 .............................................................................4§ 1.2 曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu)中的作用力 ....................................................................4§ 1.2.1 氣缸內(nèi)可燃混合氣的作用力 .....................................................5§ 1.2.2 機(jī)構(gòu)的慣性力 .............................................................................5第二章 活塞組的設(shè)計(jì) ..........................................................................................14§ 2.1 活塞的工作環(huán)境總括 .................................................................................14§ 2.1.1 活塞的工作條件和設(shè)計(jì)要求 ...................................................14§ 2.1.2 工作條件 .....................................................................................14§ 2.1.3 活塞頭部的設(shè)計(jì) .........................................................................15§ 2.1.4 活塞裙部的設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................175§ 2.2 活塞環(huán)設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算 .....................................................................................19§ 2.2.1 活塞環(huán)形狀及主要尺寸設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................19§ 2.2.2 活塞環(huán)強(qiáng)度校核 .......................................................................19§2.3 本章小結(jié) ...............................................................................................21第三章 連桿組的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................22§ 3.1 連桿的設(shè)計(jì) ..........................................................................................22§ 3.1.1 連桿的工作情況、設(shè)計(jì)要求和材料選用 ...............................22§ 3.1.2 連桿長(zhǎng)度的確定 .......................................................................23§ 3.1.3 連桿小頭的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與強(qiáng)度、剛度計(jì)算 ...............................23§ 3.1.4 連桿桿身的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 ...........................................26§ 3.1.5 連桿大頭的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與強(qiáng)度、剛度計(jì)算 ...............................29§ 3.2 連桿螺栓的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................31§ 3.2.1 連桿螺栓的工作負(fù)荷與預(yù)緊力 ...............................................31§ 3.2.2 連桿螺栓的屈服強(qiáng)度校核和疲勞計(jì)算 ...................................31§ 3.3 本章小結(jié) ..............................................................................................326第四章 曲軸的設(shè)計(jì) ...............................................33§ 4.1 曲軸的結(jié)構(gòu)型式和材料的選擇 .................................................................33§ 4.1.1 曲軸的結(jié)構(gòu)型式 .......................................................................33§ 4.1.2 曲軸的材料 ................................................................................33§ 4.2 曲軸的主要尺寸的確定和結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì) ..........................................34§ 4.2.1 曲柄銷的直徑和長(zhǎng)度 ..............................................................34§ 4.2.2 主軸頸的直徑 和長(zhǎng)度 .......................................................341D1L§ 4.2.3 曲柄 ...........................................................................................34§ 4.2.4 平衡重 .........................................................................................35§ 4.2.5 油孔的位置和尺寸 ...................................................................35§ 4.3 曲軸的疲勞強(qiáng)度校核 ...........................................................................36§ 4.3.1 作用于單元曲拐上的力和力矩 ...............................................36§ 4.3.2 名義應(yīng)力的計(jì)算 .......................................................................41§ 4.4 本章小結(jié) ..............................................................................................43結(jié) 論 ......................................................................................................................447參考文獻(xiàn)...........................................................................................................43致 謝 ......................................................................................................................46