2019-2020年高考英語大一輪復習 文化藝術 第二節(jié)真題精練（含解析）.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語大一輪復習 文化藝術 第二節(jié)真題精練（含解析） Step One　真題體驗(xx新課標全國Ⅱ閱讀理解C) One of the latest trends(趨勢) in American childcare is Chinese au pairs.Au Pair in Stamford，Conn.，for example，has got increasing numbers of requests for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4,000 since xx.And that’s true all across the country. “I thought it would be very useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age，” Joseph Stocke，the managing director of a pany，says of his 2yearold son.“I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future.” After only six months of being cared for by a 25yearold woman from China，the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions，his dad says. Li Drake，a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband，had another reason for looking for an au pair from China：She didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots.“Because I am Chinese，my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接觸) the language and culture(文化)，” she says. “Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom，” says Suzanne Flynn，a professor in language education of children.“But parents must understand that just one year with an au pair is unlikely to produce wondersplete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.” The popularity of au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese.It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years. 9．What does the term “au pair” in the text mean? A．A mother raising her children on her own. B．A child learning a foreign language at home. C．A professor in language education of children. D．A young foreign woman taking care of children. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。由第二段中約瑟夫請了一個25歲的中國女子照顧他兩歲的兒子，以此給兒子創(chuàng)造學習漢語的機會，和第三段中一位華僑母親也以這種方式教育自己的兩個孩子，以及第四段中一位語言教授提到的“和說母語的人在一起學習語言比在教室好”等信息可知，au pair指的是負責照顧孩子的外國保姆。故選D項。 10．Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them . A．to live in China some day B．to speak the language at home C．to catch up with other children D．to learn about the Chinese culture 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。結合第三段的內(nèi)容可知，她本是一名中國人，但還是請了一位說漢語的保姆來讓孩子們學習漢語，再根據(jù)她所說的話可知，她這樣做的目的是讓孩子們接觸中國的語言和文化，故選D項。 11．What can we infer from the text? A．Learning Chinese is being popular in America. B．Educated women do better in looking after children. C．Chinese au pairs need to improve their English skills. D．Children can learn a foreign language well in six months. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。本文通過列舉一些具體的例子，說明了美國的父母們正在興起一種“au pair”熱，即通過請說漢語的中國保姆來照顧自己的孩子，從而讓孩子們有機會學習漢語。這說明了漢語在美國日益受到歡迎，因此選A項。 Step Two　找出信息句——學會分析 1．(9題信息句)“Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom，” says Suzanne Flynn，a professor in language education of children. 分析：動名詞staying with a native speaker作主語，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)；a professor in language education of children作Suzanne Flynn的同位語。 翻譯：“和一個外國本地人呆在一起的兒童比簡單地坐在教室里學習語言的兒童學起外語要好地多，” 蘇珊弗林說，她是一位兒童語言教育方面的教授。 2．(11題信息句)The popularity of au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese. 分析：介詞短語of au pairs from China作定語，修飾主語the popularity；定語從句who want their children to learn Chinese修飾先行詞American parents。 翻譯：越來越多的美國家長對中國保姆的普及起加強作用，她們希望自己的孩子學習中文。 Step Three　深度閱讀與拓展訓練 任務型閱讀——篇章結構 任務型閱讀——閱讀表達 1．In what way does the author support his idea? By giving three examples. 2．In Suzanne Flynn’s view，what age should parents have au pairs until their children grow to? The age of 10 or 12. Step Four　知識積累 1．a(chǎn)u pair以幫助做家務事等換取食宿的人 2．for example例如 3．request for要求；對……有請求 4．managing director總經(jīng)理，常務董事 5．a(chǎn)t least至少 6．in the future在將來 7．daily expressions日常用語 8．miss out on錯過機會；錯失了…… 9．be exposed to接觸；暴露于 10．be unlikely to不大可能；不再發(fā)生 真題精選對應訓練 (xx陜西閱讀理解D) About 30 years ago，I left Cuba for the United States with my son.After getting settled finally in Brunswick，New Jersey，I enrolled(注冊) my son in kindergarten.Several weeks later，my son’s teacher asked me to meet him at his office. In the teacher’s office，an exchange of greetings was followed by his questions：“Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？” Was he talking about my wonderful Scola？No，no，it can’t be.What a helpless，lonely moment！I told him that Scola was a quiet，sweet little boy，instead.I asked him why he was asking me all these questions. My son could not follow the teacher’s directions，he told me，and thus，Scola was disrupting the class.Didn’t he know my son did not speak English yet? He was angry：“Why hasn’t your son been taught to speak English？Don’t you speak English at home？” No，I didn’t speak English at home，I replied.I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months，and I didn’t want him to forget his native language.Well，wrong answer！What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all times？“Are you one of those people who e to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country，never wanting to be a part of this society？” Needless to say，I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people.”Then he told me the meeting was over，and I left. As I had expected，my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over.He went on to graduate from college and got a job，earning close to six figures.He travels widely and leads a welladjusted，contented life.And he has benefited from being bilingual(雙語的)． Speaking more than one language allows people to municate with others；it teaches people about other cultures and other places—something very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey. 57．The teacher asked the author to his office . A．to discuss Scola’s inclass performance B．to get Scola enrolled in kindergarten C．to find a language partner for Scola D．to work out a study plan for Scola 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。由文章第二段可知老師叫作者去是討論孩子在班級表現(xiàn)的問題。 58．What does the underlined word “disrupting” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Breaking. B．Following. C．Attending. D．Disturbing. 答案　D 解析　詞義猜測題。由第四段大意可知，“我”的兒子不聽老師的命令，thus(因此)，Scola是在擾亂(disrupting)課堂，即disturbing。break打碎；follow the class聽懂課堂內(nèi)容；attend the class上課。 59．The author’s attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as . A．critical B．casual C．positive D．passive 答案　C 解析　作者態(tài)度題。從文章最后一段可知作者的態(tài)度。critical批評的；casual漫不經(jīng)心的；positive積極的，肯定的；passive被動的，消極的。 60．This text is likely to be selected from a book of . A．medicine B．education C．geography D．history 答案　B 解析　文章出處題。文章最后一段點明主題。作者想通過自己的經(jīng)歷告訴讀者：多學一門語言是有好處的，每個教育者都應該意識到這一點。 5年真題拓展訓練(2) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 真題深度閱讀訓練 Step One　真題體驗(xx新課標全國Ⅰ閱讀理解C) It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a brilliantly(精彩地) written book”．However，he then went on to talk about Mr.Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar. And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven’t.In the World Book Day’s “Report on Guilty Secrets”，Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books，and various authors，which people have lied about reading，and as I’m not one to lie too often (I’d hate to be caught out)，I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that，unlike 42 percent of people，I have read the book at number one，George Orwell’s 1984.I think it’s really brilliant. The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen，Charles Dickens，F(xiàn)yodor Dostoevsky (I haven’t read him，but haven’t lied about it either) and Herman Melville. Asked why they lied，the most mon reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more indepth! But when asked which authors they actually enjoy，people named J．K.Rowling，John Grisham，Sophie Kinsella (ah，the big sellers，in other words)．Fortytwo percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story (I’ll e clean：I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)． 64．How did the author find his friend a book liar? A．By judging his manner of speaking. B．By looking into his background. C．By mentioning a famous name. D．By discussing the book itself. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的最后兩句“However，he then went on to talk about Mr.Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.”可以推斷出通過討論這本書的內(nèi)容作者進而發(fā)現(xiàn)朋友在撒謊，故選D。 65．Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report? A．Charles Dickens is very low on the topten list. B．42% of people pretended to have read 1984. C．The author admitted having read 9 books. D．Dreams From My Father is hardly read. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后兩句“But I am pleased to say that，unlike 42 percent of people，I have read the book at number one，George Orwell’s 1984.I think it’s really brilliant.”可知答案。選項A和D提到的細節(jié)在文中是有出現(xiàn)，但是選項的內(nèi)容無法從文章中得出結論；選項C的信息作者在本文沒有敘述。 66．By lying about reading，a person hopes to . A．control the conversation B．a(chǎn)ppear knowledgeable C．learn about the book D．make more friends 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句“Asked why they lied，the most mon reason was to ‘impress’ someone they were speaking to.”可知答案為B項。 67．What is the author’s attitude to 58% of readers? A．Favorable. B．Uncaring. C．Doubtful. D．Friendly. 答案　C 解析　作者態(tài)度題。結合文章大意，以及文中最后出現(xiàn)的“...am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so”可知，作者對58% of readers持懷疑態(tài)度，故C項(懷疑的)符合文意。選項B(不予關注的)，顯然錯誤，作者若不予以關注就不會寫出這篇文章。 Step Two　找出信息句——學會分析 1．(64題信息句)However，he then went on to talk about Mr.Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. 分析：a way后的which引導的句子是一個定語從句，which在從句中作主語，也可以換成that，但是不能省略；如果the way/a way后面的定語從句中不缺主語或賓語，常常用that/in which引導，也可以省略。 翻譯：然而，接下來他繼續(xù)談論奧巴馬，種種跡象顯示這位朋友對奧巴馬的背景一無所知。 2．(65題信息句)But I am pleased to say that，unlike 42 percent of people，I have read the book at number one，George Orwell’s 1984.I think it’s really brilliant. 分析：that引導謂語動詞say的賓語從句；George Orwell’s 1984是the book at number one的同位語，起到“補充說明”的作用。 翻譯：但是我可以很開心地說，我有讀過榜上第一的George Orwell的《1984》，而不像42%的人們那樣沒讀過還假裝讀過。我覺得這本書真的很棒。 3．(67題信息句)I’ll e clean: I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so. 分析：從句that 58 percent...是一個賓語從句，作句子表語am astonished的賓語；從句they had never done so前省略了連接代詞that，作said的賓語從句。 翻譯：我要聲明：我自己也這么做，而且很驚異居然有58%的人聲稱自己從未這樣做過。 Step Three　深度閱讀與拓展訓練 任務型閱讀——篇章結構 任務型閱讀——微寫作 請用約40個詞改寫文章的第一段。 參考范文 When one day I told a friend how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father，he said the book was brilliantly written.However，when he went on with the book，I found him a book liar. Step Four　知識積累 1．a(chǎn)gree with同意；和某人意見一致 2．a(chǎn)t all根本 3．sense感覺到；推測 4．a(chǎn)pproximately大約；近于 5．two thirds三分之二 6．catch out發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺 7．various各種各樣的 8．a(chǎn)dmit承認；可接納 9．impress給某人留下深刻的印象 10．indepth徹底的；深入的 真題精選對應訓練 (xx重慶閱讀理解E) It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr.Johnson’s famous ment that “When two English meet，their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago，most mentators fail to e up with a convincing explanation for this English weatherspeak. Bill Bryson，for example，concludes that，as the English weather is not at all exciting，the obsession with it can hardly be understood.He argues that “To an outsider，the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply，the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles. Jeremy Paxman，however，disagrees with Bryson，arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive.Bryson is wrong，he says，because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena.“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves，but in uncertainty.” According to him，the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider. Bryson and Paxman stand for mon misconceptions about the weatherspeak among the English.Both mentators，somehow，are missing the point.The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all.English weatherspeak is a system of signs，which is developed to help the speakers overe the natural reserve and actually talk to each other.Everyone knows conversations starting with weatherspeak are not requests for weather data.Rather，they are routine greetings，conversation starters or the blank “fillers”．In other words，English weatherspeak is a means of social bonding. 72．The author mentions Dr.Johnson’s ment to show that . A．most mentators agree with Dr.Johnson B．Dr.Johnson is famous for his weather observation C．the ment was accurate two hundred years ago D．English conversations usually start with the weather 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。作者提到Dr.Johnson的評論是為了解釋第一句話“It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.”故答案為D項。 73．What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to? A．A social trend. B．An emotional state. C．A historical concept. D．An unknown phenomenon. 答案　B 解析　詞義猜測題。劃線詞所在句意為“正如英國的天氣令人難以捉摸一樣，英國人為什么以談論天 氣開始交流同樣令人費解”，并結合上段可知，劃線單詞意為“著迷”，這是一種情感狀態(tài)，故答案為B項。 74．According to the passage，Jeremy Paxman believes that . A．Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather B．there is nothing special about the English weather C．the English weather attracts people to the British Isles D．English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves，but in uncertainty.”可知，答案為D項。 75．What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To explain what English weatherspeak is about. B．To analyse misconceptions about the English weather. C．To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman. D．To convince people that the English weather is changeable. 答案　A 解析　寫作意圖題。文章一開始就提出了要談論的話題“It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.”，然后介紹了兩個人的不同觀點，最后作了總結，故作者寫此文的目的是解釋Why does English conversation begin with the weather？的問題。 5年真題拓展訓練(3) 真題深度閱讀訓練 Step One　真題體驗(xx新課標全國Ⅰ閱讀理解D) The National Gallery Description： The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London.It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance. Layout： The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th to 15thcentury paintings，and artists include Duccio，Uccello，Van Eyck，Lippi，Mantegna，Botticelli and Memling. The main West Wing houses 16thcentury paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，Titian and Veronese. The North Wing houses 17thcentury paintings，and artists include Caravaggio，Rubens，Poussin，Van Dyck，Velzquez，Claude and Vermeer. The East Wing houses 18th to early 20thcentury paintings，and artists include Canaletto，Goya，Turner，Constable，Renoir and Van Gogh. Opening Hours： The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm(Fridays 10 am to 9 pm)and is free，but charges apply to some special exhibitions. Getting There： Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross (2minute walk)，Leicester Square (3minute walk)，Embankment(7minute walk)，and Piccadilly Circus (8minute walk)． 68．In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings? A．The 13th. B．The 17th. C．The 18th. D．The 20th. 答案　A 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“...13thcentury religious paintings...”可知答案。 69．Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown? A．In the East Wing. B．In the main West Wing. C．In the Sainsbury Wing. D．In the North Wing. 答案　B 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“The main West Wing houses 16thcentury paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...”可知答案為B項。 70．Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery? A．Piccadilly Circus. B．Leicester Square. C．Embankment. D．Charing Cross. 答案　D 解析　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，比較A項Piccadilly Circus(8minute walk)，B項Leicester Square (3minute walk)，C項Embankment (7minu te walk)和D項Charing Cross (2minute walk)可知，到達National Gallery所需時間由長到短依次排序為A>C>B>D，故正確答案為D項。 Step Two　找出信息句——學會分析 1．(68題信息句)The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London.It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. 分析：第一句的主干為：The National Gallery is the British national art museum；過去分詞短語built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London在句中作定語，修飾the British national art museum，該名詞和build在邏輯上是被動關系；現(xiàn)在分詞短語ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh也作定語，修飾European art，European art在邏輯上和range存在著主動關系。 翻譯：國家美術館是建在倫敦特拉法加廣場北部的英國國家藝術博物館。它收藏了超過2 300件的各式收藏品，藏品從13世紀的宗教繪畫到雷諾阿和梵高為代表的更現(xiàn)代的繪畫作品。 2．(69題信息句)The main West Wing houses 16thcentury paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，Titian and Veronese. 分析：連詞and連接兩個并列句；第二個句子的謂語是include，該動詞后有8個名人的名字，作并列的賓語。 翻譯：西翼的主部收藏了16世紀的作品，其作者包括Leonardo da Vinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，Titian 以及Veronese。 Step Three　深度閱讀與拓展訓練 任務型閱讀——篇章結構 任務型閱讀——閱讀表達 1．Where are Van Dyck’s works shown? The North Wing. 2．When is the Gallery open on Fridays? From 10 am to 9 pm. 3．Victor is an art student whose class always ends at 6：30 in the evening，can he have the chance to visit the Gallery on workdays? Yes，on Fridays. Step Four　知識積累 1．range...from...包括從……到…… 2．layout布局；設計 3．house收藏；把……儲藏在內(nèi) 4．include包含；包括；容納 5．charge費用；收費 6．a(chǎn)pply to適用于；應用于 7．every day每天 8．underground station地鐵站 真題精選對應訓練 (xx天津閱讀理解A) Guide to Stockholm University Library Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment. Zones The library is divided into different zones.The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading，and places where you can sit and work with your own puter.The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs.The ground floor is the zone where you can talk.Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work. puters You can use your own puter to connect to the wifi specially prepared for notebook puters；you can also use library puters，which contain the most monly used applications，such as Microsoft Office.They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor. Groupstudy Places If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others，you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor.Some study rooms are for 23 people and others can hold up to 68 people.All rooms are marked on the library maps. There are 40 groupstudy rooms that must be booked via the website.To book，you need an active University account and a valid University card.You can use a room three hours per day，nine hours at most per week. Storage of Study Material The library has lockers for students to store course literature.When you have obtained at least 40 credits(學分)，you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period. Rules to be Followed Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere i